scholarly journals Dual Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphorus Solubilizing Fungi Synergistically Enhances the Mobilization and Plant Uptake of Phosphorus From Meat and Bone Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupinder Singh Jatana ◽  
Christopher Kitchens ◽  
Christopher Ray ◽  
Patrick Gerard ◽  
Nishanth Tharayil
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
P Mobilization

Phosphorus (P) is the second most important mineral nutrient for plant growth and plays a vital role in maintaining global food security. The natural phosphorus reserves [phosphate rock (PR)] are declining at an unprecedented rate, which will threaten the sustainable food supply in near future. Rendered animal byproducts such as meat and bone meal (MBM), could serve as a sustainable alternative to meet crop phosphorus demand. Even though nitrogen (N) from MBM is readily mineralized within a few days, >75% of the P in MBM is present as calcium phosphate that is sparingly available to plants. Thus, application of MBM with the aim of meeting crop N demand could result in buildup of P reserves in soil, which necessitates the need to improve the P mobilization from MBM to achieve higher plant P use efficiency. Here, we tested the potential of two microbial inoculum-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and P solubilizing fungi (Penicillium bilaiae), in improving the mobilization of P from MBM and the subsequent P uptake by maize (Zea mays). Compared to the non-inoculated MBM control, the application of P. bilaiae increased the P mobilization from MBM by more than two-fold and decreased the content of calcium bound P in the soil by 26%. However, despite this mobilization, P. bilaiae did not increase the tissue content of P in maize. On the other hand, AMF inoculation with MBM increased the plant root, shoot biomass, and plant P uptake as compared to non-inoculated control, but did not decrease the calcium bound P fraction of the soil, indicating there was limited P mobilization. The simultaneous application of both AMF and P. bilaiae in association with MBM resulted in the highest tissue P uptake of maize with a concomitant decrease in the calcium bound P in the soil, indicating the complementary functional traits of AMF and P. bilaiae in plant P nutrition from MBM. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation with MBM also increased the plant photosynthesis rate (27%) and root phosphomonoesterase activity (40%), which signifies the AMF associated regulation of plant physiology. Collectively, our results demonstrate that P mobilization and uptake efficiency from MBM could be improved with the combined use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and P. bilaiae.

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Grass and Weed in Acidic Andosol

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
En Wu ◽  
Guo Rong Xin ◽  
Kazuo Sugawara
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Anthoxanthum Odoratum ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Positive Effect

With the aggravation of volcanic ash Andosol acidification, artificial forage grass Dactylis glomerata L. gradual degradation, replaced by weed plant Anthoxanthum odoratum L., but the mechanism is unclear. In order to reveal the mechanism, this study used Andosol soil as matrix, explored the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on D. glomerata and A. odoratum at different pH gradients in acidic Andosol by glasshouse experiment. The results show that the mycorrhizal colonization of D. glomerata strongly affected by soil pH, but the A. odoratum was not yet. The mycorrhizal symbiosis led to a positive effect on growth and P uptake of D. glomerata and A. odoratum. Consider to invasion and expansion of A. odoratum in severity acidic pasture is origin of this specificity on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in acidic soil other than D. glomerata.

Evaluation of two commercial fungal inoculants for improving phosphorus supply to crops grown in soils with contrasting management histories

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
J. Diane Knight
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Organically Managed ◽  
Penicillium Bilaiae

Abstract Two fungal inoculants are commercially available in Canada and the USA that target improving plant access to soil phosphorus (P). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Penicillium bilaiae were used to inoculate wheat, lentil and flax grown in an organically-managed and a conventionally-managed soil. A second crop was grown after freezing the soil to evaluate if the inoculants carried over to a second crop. Crops in the organically managed soil were smaller and took up less P than the same crop in the conventionally managed soil. Inoculation with either inoculant improved shoot growth and P uptake in wheat grown in the organically-managed soil and in lentil grown in the conventionally-managed soil. Co-application of the inoculants was never superior to the single inoculants. Carry-over effects were slight and inconsistent.

Increased maize growth and P uptake promoted by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi coincide with higher foliar herbivory and larval biomass of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Omar Real-Santillán ◽  
Ek del-Val ◽  
Rocío Cruz-Ortega ◽  
Hexon Ángel Contreras-Cornejo ◽  
Carlos Ernesto González-Esquivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Maize Growth

scholarly journals Effect of resource supply on interactions between foliar endophytic and root mycorrhizal fungi in perennial ryegrass

2010 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Q. Liu ◽  
A.J. Parsons ◽  
H. Xue ◽  
J.A. Newman ◽  
S. Rassmussen
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Herbivore Resistance

Both foliar endophytes and root arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can infect perennial ryegrass and improve its performance, mainly by improving herbivore resistance and phosphorus (P) uptake, respectively.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improve the Antioxidative Response and the Seed Production of Suaedoideae Species Suaeda physophora Pall Under Salt Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue YANG ◽  
Hongqing YU ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Jixun GUO ◽  
Xiang ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Population Survival ◽  
Suaeda Physophora

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in plant growth and survival; however, the influence of AMF on the growth and production of Suaedoideae species is still not well understood. The object of this study was to understand the mechanism of AMF that affects the growth of Suaedoideae species under different saline conditions. The result showed that the Suaedoideae species Suaeda physophora was colonized by the AMF species Glomus etunicatum (Ge) and Glomus mosseae (Gm). AMF significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in S. physophora and reduced the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 in the leaves of S. physophora under salt stress. AMF also improved the aboveground biomass of S. physophora and significantly increased its seed numbers. Moreover, AMF increased the aboveground phosphorus (P) content of S. physophora. No significant difference between the effect of AMF species Ge and Gm on S. physophora growth was observed. These results suggest that AMF can increase the salt resistance of the Suaedoideae species S. physophora by increasing SOD and POD activities, reducing MDA and H2O2 concentrations and increasing P uptake. The results highlight that AMF might play an important role in S. physophora growth and population survival under harsh salt conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on uptake of Zn and P by two contrasting rice genotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hajiboland ◽  
N. Aliasgharzad ◽  
R. Barzeghar
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Amf Inoculation

There is little experimental evidence about the functional significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization in providing nutrients for lowland rice. This study was undertaken to examine whether growth and nutrient deficiencies may affect plants benefit from AMF inoculation. Two contrasting rice (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L.) genotypes and two AMF species (<I>Glomus mosseae</I> and <I>G. intraradices</I>) were used in this experiment. Under P starvation, P uptake in the genotype tolerant to P deficiency (Fajr), declined significantly up to 36% (<I>P</I> < 0.05) in response to AMF inoculation, while it enhanced by about 70% (<I>P</I> < 0.01) in susceptible genotype (Shafagh). Under Zn starvation, Zn uptake of Zn-efficient genotype (Shafagh) increased by about 2 fold (<I>P</I> < 0.01), but a reduction of 52% (<I>P</I> < 0.05) was observed in the Zn-inefficient genotype (Fajr) upon mycorrhization. Greater genotypic differences were observed for –P–Zn plants. Our results imply that genotypic difference in responsiveness to inoculation with AMF is attributable to different contribution of mechanisms for increased nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal plants depending on nutrient, nutritional status and nutrient efficiency of genotypes.

Reduction of the available phosphorus pool in field soils growing maize genotypes with extensive mycorrhizal development

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
A. A. Elmi ◽  
T. Zhang ◽  
D. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available P ◽  
Extraradical Hyphae ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a large enhancing effect on the P uptake capacity of host plants, which could make possible the production of high crop yields on soil with reduced level of available P, or could help reduce the P level in rich soils, thereby reducing the risk of P loss to the environment. A field experiment was conducted in Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada, on a loamy sand in 1997 and a fine sandy loam in 1998 to assess the impact of indigenous AMF-maize hybrid combinations on soil available P level. The experiment had three factors organized in a split-split plot design. There were two soil fumigation levels (fumigated and non-fumigated) randomized in the main plots, three P fertilizer rates (0, 60, and 120 kg ha-1) randomized in the sub-plots and three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with contrasting genotypes [two newly developed leafy hybrids, Leafy normal stature (LNS) and Leafy reduced stature (LRS), and a commercial hybrid, Pioneer 3979 (P3979)], which were randomized in the sub-sub-plots. Soil extractable P, plant P content, plant dry mass, root colonization with AMF and extraradical hyphae were determined at the 6-leaf, 10-leaf, tasselling and silking stages of maize, and grain yield and total P in maize were determined at harvest. Soil fumigation to reduce AMF and P fertilization reduced the amount of indigenous mycorrhizal development in maize hybrids. The growth of LNS, the most mycorrhizae-dependent hybrid, was more supressed by fumigation than the growth of the other two hybrids. When the soil P level was low, plant dry mass, grain yield and total P content of LNS were higher in the non-fumigated plots than in the fumigated plots. Fumigation had a significant but smaller influence on soil extractable P level than on plant P uptake and growth. Soil extractable P was lower in non-fumigated plots than in fumigated plots from silking to the end of the growing season in 1997, only in non-fertilized plots growing LNS. Extraradical hyphae density was positively correlated with maize P uptake and negatively correlated with soil extractable P. This suggested that soil extractable P can be reduced through AMF-enhanced plant P uptake when soil available P conditions and host plant genotype are favourable to mycorrhizal development, and when P uptake enhancement is large. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, maize hybrids, soil extractable P, P uptake, extraradical hyphae, root colonization, mycorrhizal dependency

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