scholarly journals Innovation for Positive Sustainable Legacy From Mega Sports Events: Virtual Reality as a Tool for Social Inclusion Legacy for Paris 2024 Paralympic Games

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Byers ◽  
Emily Jane Hayday ◽  
Fred Mason ◽  
Phillip Lunga ◽  
Daneka Headley
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Olympic Movement ◽  
Mega Sports Events ◽  
Paralympic Games

There is significant interest in how sports events and their associated legacies could act as a platform to address global challenges and engender social change. The United Nations (UN) has acknowledged the important role that sport plays in supporting the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Olympic movement could be argued as central to that objective. Yet critical questions and concerns have been raised about the growing expenditure, viability, long term legacy, and impacts of mega sports events such as the Olympic Games. While much evidence has focused on the challenges of creating legacy for Olympic Games, there is considerably less literature on understanding the Paralympic context. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of innovation in creating legacy from MSEs and propose a theoretical and methodological plan for such research. Innovation, a key driver in organizational performance, is suggested as essential to defining, planning for and measuring legacy. We specifically examine the potential of virtual reality (VR) as a technological innovation which can help create a social inclusion legacy in the context of Paris 2024 Olympic/Paralympic Games. A conceptual model is developed, which identifies legacy as a “wicked problem”, and this paper discusses the importance of innovation with regards to legacy, by suggesting a new application for VR technology in the context of legacy related to social inclusion. Information technology is a valuable facilitator of social inclusion for individuals with a disability. We specifically examine the potential of VR as a technological innovation which can help create legacy through influencing unconscious biases (symbolic ableism) toward diversity such as disability, gender, and race.

scholarly journals Current trends in the construction of sports infrastructure facilities, taking into account the direction of development of the international Olympic movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kalmanovich ◽  
Olga Kalimullina ◽  
Ruslan Garifullin ◽  
Ilgizar Sazgetdinov ◽  
Irina Bitcheva
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Olympic Movement ◽  
The Olympic Games

The study aims to assess current trends in the construction of sports infrastructure, considering the development and improvement vectors of the Olympic movement. Materials and methods. The study utilizes literature analysis, statistical methods, expert assessment method and legal analysis. Results. Trends in the development of sports infrastructure facilities for the Olympic Games have been identified and substantiated. The currentdifficulties regarding organizing and holding of the Olympic Games and the uprising contradictions in the activities of international sports organizations have been structured. Analysis of trends in the development of the Olympic movement in the XXI century and recent decisions of the International Olympic Committee revealed particular problems in the organization of the Games. The proposed new model of the modern Olympic Games allowing to overcome problems and contradictions of the Olympic movement is described. Conclusion. The modern stage of development of the Olympic movement is characterized by a number of contradictions and problems that need to be solved: gigantism of the Olympic Games, subjectivity of refereeing at sports competitions, safety at sports events, etc. The proposed model of the organization of the Olympic Games in the form of long-term competitions during the Olympic Year may help to overcome existing contradictions.

The Effects of Significant International Sports Events on Hungarian Suicide Rates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoly Bozsonyi ◽  
Peter Osvath ◽  
Sandor Fekete ◽  
Lajos Bálint
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intervention Analysis ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Olympic Games

Abstract. Background: Several studies found a significant relationship between important sport events and suicidal behavior. Aims: We set out to investigate whether there is a significant relationship between the raw suicide rate and the most important international sports events (Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup, UEFA European Championship) in such an achievement-oriented society as the Hungarian one, where these sport events receive great attention. Method: We examined suicide cases occurring over 15,706 days between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2012 (43 years), separately for each gender. Because of the age-specific characteristics of suicide, the effects of these sport events were analyzed for the middle-aged (30–59 years old) and the elderly (over 60 years old) generations as well as for gender-specific population groups. The role of international sport events was examined with the help of time-series intervention analysis after cyclical and seasonal components were removed. Intervention analysis was based on the ARIMA model. Results: Our results showed that only the Olympic Games had a significant effect in the middle-aged population. Neither in the older male nor in any of the female age groups was a relationship between suicide and Olympic Games detected. Conclusion: The Olympic Games seem to decrease the rate of suicide among middle-aged men, slightly but significantly.

scholarly journals The Mutuality of National and International Identities in International Sports Law

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
James A.R. Nafziger
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Sports Law ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Olympic Movement ◽  
Proper Resolution ◽  
Sports Arena ◽  
Paralympic Games

The network of institutions that comprise the Olympic Movement include several whose authoritative scope now extends far beyond the mere staging of the Olympic and Paralympic Games to govern some important aspects of virtually all major regional and global competition and to foster the development of a comprehensive body of international sports law. The issues include nationality, which is the focus of this essay. More broadly, the proper resolution of nationality issues in the sports arena offers a limited model for reconciling tensions between national and international interests in the progressive development of international law.

The prince and the pauper: Journalistic culture and Paralympic games in the Spanish print press

Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1713-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Solves ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez ◽  
Inmaculada Rius
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
The Media ◽  
Spanish Press ◽  
Motor Sports ◽  
Paralympic Games ◽  
The Olympic Games

The Paralympic Games are one of the world’s most important multisport events, maybe second only to the Olympic Games. However, research conducted to date shows that the media do not devote as much space to them as would accordingly be expected. This article proposes, through a case study, a new way of approaching this hypothetical discrimination by comparing the attention that the London Paralympic Games received from the Spanish print press with the attention that other sports received (football, basketball, tennis, cycling, motor sports and other minority sports) while those Games were being held. The main finding of our study is that over the period analysed, the Spanish press devoted less space to the Paralympic Games than to any other sport.

Hosting annual international sporting events and tourism: Formula 1, golf or tennis?

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110290
Author(s):  
Bala Ramasamy ◽  
Howei Wu ◽  
Matthew Yeung
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Mega Sports Events

Hosting sports events to attract international tourists is a common policy practised by many host governments. Hosting mega-sports events like the Olympics is said to leave a legacy that could impact the attractiveness of a country/city in the long term. However, the opportunity to host these mega-events is limited and expensive. This study considers the economic impact of hosting annual international sporting events, specifically the extent to which Formula 1, ATP Tennis and PGA Golf can attract international tourists. Using monthly data from 1998 to 2018, we show that the effect differs from one sport to another within a country and the same sport across countries. Hosting the Formula 1 is most effective for Canada but has no significant impact in Australia and the United Kingdom. ATP Tennis and PGA Golf have a significant impact on at least two countries. Policy-makers must consider carefully the sport that gives the best bang-for-the-buck.

scholarly journals Performance of the national fencing team of Ukraine at the XXXII Olympic Games and the prospects of its performance at the next Olympic Games

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Olga Kuvaldina ◽  
Volodymyr Driukov
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Team Members ◽  
National Team ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sports Statistics ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
The Olympic Games

Analysis of Ukrainian athletes’ results at the XXXII Olympiad Games allows pointing out the factors of the weak performance of Ukrainian athletes in women's individual saber and epee competitions, as well as men's team epee competitions, despite the possibility of winning medals in these sports events according to many analysts including those of Infostrada Sports and other sports statistics experts. These, in our opinion, include an unsatisfactory level of efficiency of the process of reaching the peak of readiness for the Olympic Games; lack of psychological stability of athletes at the competitions; weak tactical preparation of some athletes. Based on the performances of athletes of the Ukrainian fencing team in Tokyo, a conclusion was made about the unsatisfactory level of athletes’ preparation for the XXXII Olympic Games. Only 20% of the national team members were able to realize their potential at the XXXII Olympic Games. The dynamics of the athletes’ results at the World Championships 2017 – 2019 indicates the need to use in the new Olympic cycle the planning, which is focused on our athletes reaching the peak of readiness for the Olympics: at first, the training should be aimed at the maximum stimulation of the growth of sportsmanship, whereas at the final stage it should be focused on its realization in the major competitions. It is shown that despite the unsuccessful performance of the Ukrainian fencing team in the Olympic Tokyo, this type of martial arts has significant potential for improving sports achievements at the XXXIII Olympic Games 2024 in Paris. It is noted that in the new Olympic cycle it is of crucial importance to identify candidates for the XXXIII Olympic Games as soon as possible and to create all the conditions for their full-fledged preparation. Thus, to ensure further winning medal places at the Olympic Games, it is necessary to improve the system of sports training in the Olympic cycle, which envisages participation in numerous competitions during the year to achieve a high level of readiness in the major competitions of triennial – the Olympic Games.

scholarly journals The Evolution of China’s Sporting Diplomacy since 1949

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-283
Author(s):  
Yalun An ◽  
Xueshuang Wang ◽  
Fujun Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
Peaceful Development ◽  
Mega Sports Events ◽  
Decision Environments ◽  
Extensive Involvement ◽  
China’S Economy

The sporting diplomacy in China, as an integral part of China’s overall diplomacy, unswervingly upholds the fundamental foreign policy goal of preserving world peace and promoting common development since New China was founded. After adopting the policy of reform and opening, the sporting diplomacy in China has made historical achievements through intensive participation in international sporting competitions, extensive involvement in international sporting organizations, active hosting of mega sports events, and frequent engagement in cultural sporting exchanges with other countries. In the last decade, with a constant increase in China’s economy, cultural soft power and international influence of sports, China makes an all-round effort in the pursuit of major countrywide sporting diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Currently, despite the severe challenges outside China, Beijing is making smooth preparations for the 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, which embraces another milestone in the diplomacy of sport in China. This paper analyzes decision environments, goals, actions and defining features of China’s sporting diplomacy in different periods and follows on to summarize practical experiences in the development of the sporting diplomacy in China. The paper shows that the resounding success of China’s sporting diplomacy can be attributed to its commitment to serving the country’s diplomatic strategy and core interests, its commitment to following the Chinese path of sporting diplomacy, and its commitment to the traditional Chinese value of peaceful development. Finally, emerging issues and promotion strategies are presented.

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