scholarly journals Risk Factors for Introduction of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) Into Cattle Herds: A Systematic European Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Frederik Waldeck ◽  
Linda van Duijn ◽  
Kristel van den Heuvel-van den Broek ◽  
Maria H. Mars ◽  
Inge M. G. A. Santman-Berends ◽  
...  

Given that bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) -the causative agent of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)- is still endemic in most European countries, BoHV-1 free herds are subject to a considerable risk of (re)introduction of the virus. The aim of this literature review was to describe published, quantified risk factors that are relevant for the introduction of BoHV-1. The risk factors described in this study can be used as input for modeling eradication scenarios and for communication on biosecurity measures to stakeholders. A literature search was conducted in November 2020 in two major online search databases, PubMed and Web of Science. The search criteria “risk factor” combined with different synonyms for BoHV-1 were explored, which resulted in 564 hits. Only studies performed in Europe, written in Dutch, English, French, German or Spanish with an English summary and that quantified risk factors for introduction of BoHV-1 into cattle herds were included. Studies had to quantify the risk factors with crude odds ratios (OR), an estimate of the chance of a particular event occurring in an exposed group to a non-exposed group. After checking for duplicates and excluding articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 12 publications remained for this review. Risk factors were classified into seven groups, i.e., herd characteristics, management, animal characteristics, purchase, direct animal contact, neighborhood and indirect transmission routes. Most relevant factors for introduction of BoHV-1 into cattle herds include herd size, purchase of cattle, cattle density, age of cattle, distance to neighboring cattle herds and professional visitors. Together with other direct and indirect animal contacts, these factors are important when elimination of BoHV-1 is considered. A closed farming system and protective clothing for professional visitors can eliminate the major routes of introduction of BoHV-1 in cattle herds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review solely focussing on measures that can be taken to control introduction of BoHV-1 into cattle herds. Besides testing, focus on managing these (biosecurity) factors will decrease the risk of introducing the virus.

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Dias ◽  
A. A. Alfieri ◽  
J. S. Ferreira-Neto ◽  
V. S. P. Gonçalves ◽  
E. E. Muller

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Rebouças Santos ◽  
Hanna Carolina Campos Ferreira ◽  
Marcos Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Giuliana Loreto Saraiva ◽  
Natália Filardi Tafuri ◽  
...  

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes major losses in worldwide livestock, affecting the respiratory and reproductive tracts of bovine. In the past decades, the number of cases in Brazil has been gradually increasing. Therefore, it is important to assess the distribution of infection in different regions of the country. In the state of Espírito Santo (ES) the BoHV 1 infection rate in dairy cattle herds is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect neutralizing antibodies against BoHV-1 in serum samples from 1,161 non-vaccinated cows from 59 dairy cattle herds in 23 municipalities of the Metropolitan, North, Northwest and South macro-regions. The identification of seropositive cows was evaluated by the virus neutralization test. The results showed that of all serum samples evaluated 775 (66.75%) had neutralizing antibodies against BoHV-1. Moreover, all herds were found positive; however, the percentage of positive cows varied among regions; 49.06%, 62.15%, 67.21% and 80.04% for the Metropolitan, South, North and Northwest macro-regions, respectively. In this study, the results clearly indicate the dissemination of the viral agent in dairy cattle in the ES state, requiring the monitoring and control of diseases related to BoHV-1 infection.


Author(s):  
Abdenour Kaddour ◽  
Gonzalo Fernandez ◽  
Alberto Prieto ◽  
Abdallah Youcef ◽  
Nassim Moula

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tekes ◽  
B. Markos ◽  
J. Méhesfalvi ◽  
Zsuzsanna Máté ◽  
E. Kudron ◽  
...  

Hungarian cattle herds were surveyed for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection by ELISA of milk and serum samples. In 1993, 75% of the large cattle herds (consisting of more than 50 cattle) and all small herds (small-scale producers' stocks), while in 1997 90% of the small herds were included in the survey. In the case of large herds, 79.3% of the herds and 64.1% of the samples tested were found to be positive. Of the small herds, 13.5% and 15.7% tested positive in 1993 and 1997, respectively. The majority of large herds were Holstein-Friesian dairy stocks. Small herds with an infection rate markedly exceeding the average were found in those counties where the small herds had been in close contact with the large-scale farms, or where new herds were established by using animals of uncontrolled infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) status originating from large farms. Attention is called to the importance of maintaining the IBR-free status of small herds that constitute one-third of the Hungarian cattle population.


2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Boelaert ◽  
N. Speybroeck ◽  
A. de Kruif ◽  
M. Aerts ◽  
T. Burzykowski ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Segura-Correa ◽  
C.C. Zapata-Campos ◽  
J.O. Jasso-Obregón ◽  
J. Martinez-Burnes ◽  
R. López-Zavala

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