β-Mannanase Supplementation as an Eco-Friendly Feed Strategy to Reduce the Environmental Impacts of Pig and Poultry Feeding Programs

Little is still known about the environmental impacts of exogenous enzyme supplementation in pig and poultry feeding programs. Thus, this study aimed to assess the potential environmental impacts of producing feeds for pigs and broilers by simulating the effects of β-mannanase Hemicell™ HT supplementation through energy savings during diet formulation. Life-cycle assessment standards were applied to simulate a cradle-to-feed mill gate scope. The functional units used were the production of 1 kg of the enzyme and 1 kg of feed at a feed mill gate located in Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Climate change, eutrophication, and acidification were the chosen environmental impact categories. Energy savings through β-mannanase supplementation were assessed by different metabolizable energy (ME) matrices (45 or 90 kcal of ME/kg of feed) during diet formulation in different grain production scenarios (Southern and/or Central-West origin). A total of 28 feeds were formulated based on the nutritional requirements and feeding programs described in the Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine. The least-cost formulation method was used based on real price averages practiced in a local industry over 12 months. The production of 1 kg of β-mannanase was associated with the emission of 1,800 g of CO2-eq, 4.53 g of PO4-eq, and 7.89 g of SO2-eq. For pig feeds, β-mannanase supplementation mitigated both climate change and eutrophication impacts up to 8.5 and 1.4% (45 kcal of ME/kg of feed) or up to 16.2 and 2.7% (90 kcal of ME/kg of feed) compared to control diets formulated without the enzyme. For broiler feeds, these impacts were mitigated up to 5.6 and 1.1% (45 kcal of ME/kg of feed), respectively. On the other hand, the effect of using β-mannanase on the acidification impact was not consistent among feeds/species. Overall, β-mannanase supplementation reduced the amount of soybean oil in feed formulas, which is associated with high environmental impacts. Consequently, the potential impacts of climate change and eutrophication associated with producing feeds for pigs and broilers were substantially mitigated. These results suggest that β-mannanase supplementation is an eco-friendly feed strategy to reduce the environmental impacts of pig and poultry feeding programs.

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Copenhagen Agreement - A New Paradigm of Climate Problem Solving

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2010-9-115-132 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 115-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Agibalov ◽

A. Kokorin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Global Climate ◽

Climate Change Policy ◽

New Order ◽

Paradigm Shifts ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Energy Efficiency Policy ◽

Policy Paradigm ◽

Change Policy

Copenhagen summit results could be called a failure. This is the failure of UN climate change policy management, but definitely the first step to a new order as well. The article reviews main characteristics of climate policy paradigm shifts. Russian interests in climate change policy and main threats are analyzed. Successful development and implementation of energy savings and energy efficiency policy are necessary and would sufficiently help solving the global climate change problem.

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The Benefit of Focusing on Air Pollution Instead of Climate Change: How Discussing Power Plant Emissions in the Context of Air Pollution, Rather than Climate Change, Influences Perceived Benefits, Costs, and Political Action for Policies to Limit Emissions

Science Communication ◽

10.1177/1075547020980443 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107554702098044

Author(s):

P. Sol Hart ◽

Lauren Feldman

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Power Plant ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Political Action ◽

Perceived Benefits ◽

Power Plant Emissions ◽

Plant Emissions ◽

Benefits And Costs

This experiment examines how framing power plant emissions in terms of air pollution or climate change, and in terms of health or environmental impacts, influences perceived benefits and costs of policies to reduce emissions and intentions to take political action that supports such policies. A moderated-mediation model reveals that focusing on air pollution, instead of climate change, has a positive significant indirect influence on intended political action through the serial mediators of perceived benefits and costs. Political ideology moderates the association between perceived benefits and political action. No framing effects are observed in the comparison between health and environmental impacts.

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Climate change trends and environmental impacts in the Makonde Communal Lands, Zimbabwe

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2015/20140266 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 111 (7/8) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ishumael Sango ◽

◽

Nhamo Godwell ◽

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Communal Lands

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Lifecycle assessment of a stapling machine

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v4i1.3813 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Israel Dunmade

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

End Of Life ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Material Selection ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Mechanical Device ◽

Lifecycle Assessment ◽

Life Management ◽

Resource Recycling ◽

Eutrophication Potential

A stapler is a mechanical device used to join two or more sheets of paper together by driving a thin metal staple through the sheets. They are widely used in schools, offices, business, government and homes. The anticipated large quantity of waste that is disposed of annually present great risk of environmental pollution and opportunities for economically viable resource recycling. This study evaluates potential environmental impacts of a Stapling machine and its end-of-life management opportunities. Environmental lifecycle assessment (LCA) process was used for the evaluation. The assessment was implemented with the aid of SimaPro software version 7.3.3.Results of the analyses revealed that climate change and eutrophication are the significant potential environmental impacts. Each Stapler has 1.265130 kg CO2-eq in Global Warming Potential and 0.113067 max kg O2-eq as its Eutrophication Potential. Further examination also showed that most of the impacts are from material selection, product distribution, and end-of-life management of the stapling machine. This study provides insights on potential environmental impacts of stapling machines and potential opportunities for improvements in their end-of-life management.

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Diet Formulation and Feeding Programs

Sustainable Swine Nutrition ◽

10.1002/9781118491454.ch9 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 215-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung Woo Kim ◽

Jeffrey A. Hansen

Keyword(s):

Feeding Programs ◽

Diet Formulation

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Investigation of the two-decade environmental impact of large-scale agricultural cultivation and its impact on climate change in the Lajta-Project

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-4863 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

András Polgár ◽

Karolina Horváth ◽

Imre Mészáros ◽

Adrienn Horváth ◽

András Bidló ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Crop Production ◽

Large Scale ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Agricultural Activity

Crop production is applied on about half of Hungary&#8217;s land area, which amounts to approximately 4.5 million hectares. The agricultural activity has significant environmental impacts.Our work aims the time series investigation of the impacts of large-scale agricultural cultivation on environment and primarily on climate change in the test area by applying environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) method.The investigated area of Lajta Project can be found in the triangle formed by the settlements Mosonszolnok, J&#225;nossomorja and V&#225;rbalog, in the north-western corner of Hungary, in Gy&#337;r-Moson-Sopron county. The area has intense agri-environment characteristics, almost entirely lacking of grasslands and meadows.We were looking for the answer to the question &#8220;To what extent does agricultural activity on this area impact the environment and how can it contribute to climate change during a given period?&#8221; The selection of the plants included in the analysis was justified by their significant growing area. We analysed the cultivation data of 5 crops: canola, winter barley, winter wheat, green maize and maize. Material flows of arable crop production technologies were defined in time series by the agricultural parcel register data. These covered the size of the area actually cultivated, the operational processes, records on seeds, fertilizer and pesticide use and harvest data by parcels. The examined environmental inventory database contained also the fuel consumption and lubricating oil usage of machine operations, and the water usage of chemical utilization.In the life cycle modelling of cultivation, we examined 13 years of maize, 20 years of green maize, 20 years of winter barley, 18 years of winter wheat and 15 years of canola data calculated on 1 ha unit using GaBi life cycle analysis software.In addition, we also calculated by an average cultivation model for all cultivated plants with reference data to 1 ha and 1 year period.We applied methods and models in our life cycle impact assessment. According to the values of the impact categories, we set up the following increasing environmental ranking of plant cultivation: (1) canola has minimum environmental impacts followed by (2) green maize and (3) maize with slightly higher values, (4) winter barley has 6 times higher values preceded by (5) winter wheat with a slight difference. The previous environmental ranking of the specific cultivated plants&#8217; contribution was also confirmed as regards the overall environmental impact: canola (1.0%) &#8211; green maize (4.9%) &#8211; maize (7.1%) &#8211; winter barley (43.1%) &#8211; winter wheat (44.0%).Environmental impact category indicator results cumulated to total cultivation periods and total crop growing areas (quantitative approach) display the specific environmental footprints by crops. Increasing environmental ranking of environmental impacts resulted from cultivating the sample area is the following: (1) canola &#8211; (2) maize &#8211; (3) green maize &#8211; (4) winter barley &#8211; (5) winter wheat. The slight difference resulted in the rankings in quantitative approach according to the rankings of territorial approach on the investigated area is due to the diversity of cultivation time factor and the crop-growing parameter of the specific crops.Acknowledgement: Our research was supported by the &#8222;Lajta-Project&#8221;.

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Introduction

Philosophy, Technology, and the Environment ◽

10.7551/mitpress/9780262035668.003.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

David M. Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Philosophy Of Technology ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Environmental Philosophy ◽

The Other ◽

Natural Environments ◽

The World ◽

The Difference ◽

Two Sides

Environmental philosophy and philosophy of technology have a lot in common. Both fields explore the positive and negative aspects of human modifications of the world. Both question the limits of technology in relation to natural environments, animals, plants, and food. Both examine if human making and doing is compatible with nature or wholly different from it. And both examine the difference between what is considered to be natural and artificial. Technology and the environment further intersect in a number of issues, such as climate change, sustainability, geo-engineering, and agriculture. The reason for the overlap is fundamental: Environmental issues inevitably involve technology, and technologies inevitably have environmental impacts. Technology and the environment are like two sides of the same coin: Each is fully understood only in relation to the other. Yet, despite the ample overlap of questions concerning technology and the environment, the two philosophical fields have developed in relative isolation from each other. Even when philosophers in each field address themselves to similar concerns, the research tends to be parallel rather than intersecting, and the literatures remain foreign to one another. These divergent paths are unfortunate. Philosophers from each field have a lot to contribute to the other....

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Green Building Technologies

Research Anthology on Environmental and Societal Well-Being Considerations in Buildings and Architecture ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-9032-4.ch001 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Jeremy Gibberd

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Energy Use ◽

Green Building ◽

Building Design ◽

Technical Detail ◽

Built Environments ◽

Global Energy ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Structured Approach

Buildings are responsible for 40% of global energy use and produce over a third of global greenhouse gas emissions. These impacts are being acknowledged and addressed in specialist building design techniques and technologies that aim to reduce the environmental impacts of buildings. These techniques and technologies can be referred to collectively as green building technologies. This chapter describes green building technologies and shows why they are vital in addressing climate change and reducing the negative environmental impacts associated with built environments. A structured approach is presented which can be applied to identify and integrate green building technologies into new and existing buildings. By combining global implications with technical detail, the chapter provides a valuable guide to green building technologies and their role in supporting a transition to a more sustainable future.

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