scholarly journals Cognitive Conflicts in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (120) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Ruth Benasayag ◽  
Fermín Mearin ◽  
Mari Aguilera ◽  
Guillem Feixas
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The importance of psychological factors in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) is well-stablished in the literature; however, cognitive factors have hardly been researched and, in particular, cognitive conflicts have not been explored for these disorders. The aim of this study is to compare the cognitive and symptomatic characteristics of a group of 66 FGID patients (33 diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and 33 with functional dyspepsia) with a control group of participants without FGID or psychopathological symptoms. Both groups were matched by sex and age. The evaluation of the clinical sample was carried out following the criteria of the DSM-IV-TR. The SCL 90-R, and also the Repertory Grid for the identification of cognitive conflicts (implicative dilemmas) and self-ideal discrepancy, were administered to both the clinical sample and the control group. Results showed that 85% of FGID patients met the criteria for one axis I disorder of the DSM-IV-TR, mainly anxiety and somatization disorders. Regarding axis II, 23% presented at least one personality disorder, the most common ones being those of avoidance and dependence. Regarding axis IV, the patients reported a higher number of problems relative to the primary support group. FGID patients showed greater symptoms compared to the control group on various SCL 90-R scales. On the other hand, FGID patients presented more implicative dilemmas than healthy controls, as well as lower self-esteem. No significant differences were observed depending on the type of FGID (irritable bowel syndrome or functional dyspepsia).

scholarly journals Subthreshold Psychiatric Psychopathology in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Can It Be the Bridge between Gastroenterology and Psychiatry?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Stasi ◽  
Cristiana Nisita ◽  
Sonia Cortopassi ◽  
Giorgio Corretti ◽  
Dario Gambaccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background and Aims. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGDs) are multifactorial disorders of the gut-brain interaction. This study investigated the prevalence of Axis I and spectrum disorders in patients with FGD and established the link between FGDs and psychopathological dimensions.Methods. A total of 135 consecutive patients with FGD were enrolled. The symptoms’ severity was evaluated using questionnaires, while the psychiatric evaluation by clinical interviews established the presence/absence of mental (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual—4th edition, Axis I Diagnosis) or spectrum disorders.Results. Of the 135 patients, 42 (32.3%) had functional dyspepsia, 52 (40.0%) had irritable bowel syndrome, 21 (16.2%) had functional bloating, and 20 (15.4%) had functional constipation. At least one psychiatric disorder was present in 46.9% of the patients, while a suprathreshold panic spectrum was present in 26.2%. Functional constipation was associated with depressive disorders (p<0.05), while functional dyspepsia was related to the current major depressive episode (p<0.05). Obsessive-compulsive spectrum was correlated with the presence of functional constipation and irritable bowel syndrome (p<0.05).Conclusion. The high prevalence of subthreshold psychiatric symptomatology in patients with FGD, which is likely to influence the expression of gastrointestinal symptoms, suggested the usefulness of psychological evaluation in patients with FGDs.

scholarly journals Impact of Opioid Consumption in Patients With Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Melchior ◽  
Charlotte Desprez ◽  
Fabien Wuestenberghs ◽  
Anne-Marie Leroi ◽  
Antoine Lemaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Opioid Consumption ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Objective: We aimed to determine the burden of opioid consumption in a cohort of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders.Methods: All patients diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders and referred to our university hospital were evaluated from 2013 to the beginning of 2019. Irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia diagnoses were determined according to Rome criteria and severity according to irritable bowel syndrome severity scoring system. Vomiting was quantified using a 5-point Likert scale, and constipation severity was measured using the Knowles-Eccersley-Scott-Symptom questionnaires. Quality of life was quantified by the GastroIntestinal Quality of Life Index. Patients were categorized as being treated on a chronic basis with either tramadol, step II opioids, step III opioids or as being opioid-free.Results: 2933 consecutive patients were included. In our cohort, 12.5% had only irritable bowel syndrome, 39.3% had only functional dyspepsia, 24.9% had a combination of both, and 23.4% had other functional gastrointestinal disorders. Among them, the consumption of tramadol, step II (tramadol excluded) and step III opioids was 1.8, 1.3 and 0.3 % respectively in 2013 and 4.3, 3.4 and 1.9% in 2018 (p &lt; 0.03). Opioid consumption was associated with increased vomiting (p = 0.0168), constipation (p &lt; 0.0001), symptom severity (p &lt; 0.001), more altered quality of life (p &lt; 0.0001) and higher depression score (p = 0.0045).Conclusion: In functional gastrointestinal disorders, opioid consumption has increased in the last years and is associated with more GI symptoms (vomiting, constipation and GI severity), higher depression and more altered quality of life.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Diabetes Occur Long Before Diabetic Complications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwanseok Jung ◽  
Eun-Jung Rhee ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Jung Ho Park ◽  
Dong Il Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are common in patients with diabetes complications such as autonomic neuropathy. However, the prevalence of GI symptoms before the development of diabetes complications remains unclear.Method: We performed an interview survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders in diabetes patients who visited the endocrinology clinic of a general hospital using the ROME III criteria. The investigation consisted of various questions on functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation including functional defecation disorder.Results: A total of 509 patients were included in this analysis. The patients were analyzed in three groups, prediabetes patients (n = 115), diabetes patients without neuropathy (n = 275), and diabetes patients with neuropathy (n = 119). The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in prediabetes patients, diabetes patients without neuropathy, and diabetes patients with neuropathy was estimated at 16.52%, 27.27%, and 23.53% for functional dyspepsia; 8.7%, 11.68%, and 16.81% for irritable bowel syndrome; and 8.85%, 11.85%, and 15.25% for functional constipation. In the subgroup analysis, postprandial distress syndrome symptoms such as postprandial fullness and early satiation were more prevalent than epigastric pain symptoms. In the constipation group, pelvic outlet obstruction symptoms such as the sensation of anorectal obstruction or blockage and manual maneuvers to facilitate defecation were more frequently observed than slow transit constipation symptomsConclusions: The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders increased with diabetes severity. Diabetes-related GI symptoms appeared long before the diabetes complications

scholarly journals Modern paradigm of functional diseases of gastrointestinal tract: focus on functional dyspepsia, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and irritable bowel syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (20) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Uspensky ◽  
A. A. Gnutov ◽  
Yu. A. Fominykh ◽  
O. S. Mirzoev
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Sphincter Of Oddi ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Sphincter Of Oddi Dysfunction ◽  
Oddi Dysfunction ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Rome Iv

The article presents data on changes in the perception of functional gastrointestinal disorders introduced by the Rome IV criteria. Particular attention is paid to the functional dyspepsia, gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi disorders, the Rome IV criteria.

scholarly journals Functional gastrointestinal disorders in children: agreement between Rome III and Rome IV diagnoses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree F. Baaleman ◽  
Carlos A. Velasco-Benítez ◽  
Laura M. Méndez-Guzmán ◽  
Marc A. Benninga ◽  
Miguel Saps
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Rome Iv

AbstractTo evaluate the agreement between the Rome III and Rome IV criteria in diagnosing pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), we conducted a prospective cohort study in a public school in Cali, Colombia. Children and adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age were given the Spanish version of the Questionnaire on Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Rome III version on day 0 and Rome IV version on day 2 (48 h later). The study protocol was completed by 135 children. Thirty-nine (28.9%) children were excluded because of not following the instructions of the questionnaire. The final analysis included data of 96 children (mean 15.2 years old, SD ± 1.7, 54% girls). Less children fulfilled the criteria for an FGID according to Rome IV compared to Rome III (40.6% vs 29.2%, p=0.063) resulting in a minimal agreement between the two criteria in diagnosing an FGID (kappa 0.34, agreement of 70%). The prevalence of functional constipation according to Rome IV was significantly lower compared to Rome III (13.5% vs 31.3%, p<0.001), whereas functional dyspepsia had a higher prevalence according to Rome IV than Rome III (11.5% vs 0%).Conclusion: We found an overall minimal agreement in diagnosing FGIDs according to Rome III and Rome IV criteria. This may be partly explained by the differences in diagnostic criteria. However, limitations with the use of questionnaires to measure prevalence have to be taken into account. What is Known:• The Rome IV criteria replaced the previous Rome III criteria providing updated criteria to diagnose functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).• Differences found between Rome IV and historic Rome III FGID prevalence may have been affected by changes in prevalence over time or differences in sample characteristics. What is New:• We found a minimal agreement between Rome III and Rome IV FGID diagnosis, especially in the diagnoses of functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional dyspepsia.• The minimal agreement may be partly explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, but limitations with the use of questionnaires to measure prevalence have to be taken into account.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHILDREN WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
A.V. Zubarenko ◽  
V.V. Luzan ◽  
T.Yu. Kravchenko ◽  
G.K. Kopiyka ◽  
V.I. Martyuk
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Depressed Type ◽  
Clinical Variant ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Brain

Functional gastrointestinal disorders are considered as a clinical variant of the interaction between psychosocial factors and gastrointestinal tract physiology implemented through the "brain - intestine" axis. The purpose of the study was to investigate psychological peculiarities of children with irritable bowel syndrome. The study included 68 children aged from 14 to 18 years with the confirmed diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. To determine the type of character accentuation, the Schmishek -Leonhard test questionnaire (child version) was used. The SCL-90-R test questionnaire (by L. Derogatis method) was applied to determine psycho-emotional disorders. The study has found out the majority of patients have certain psycho-emotional disorders. The group of children with irritable bowel syndrome, who were experiencing constipation, more frequently demonstrated an emotional type of character accentuation and a somatized and depressed type of psychological disorders. The patients with irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhoea had cycloid and demonstrative types of character accentuation and demonstrated an anxious type according to the questionnaire. The patients with mixed bowel rhythms exhibited features of a cycloid, emotional, and pedantic type of character accentuation. Depression, anxiety, somatised types were reported as manifestations of psychological disorders.

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