scholarly journals Grain Sorghum: A Conundrum for Chicken-Meat Production

Agriculture ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1224-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Liu ◽  
Glen Fox ◽  
Ali Khoddami ◽  
Karlie Neilson ◽  
Ha Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production

Composition and characterisation of kafirin, the dominant protein fraction in grain sorghum

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163
Author(s):  
Peter H. Selle ◽  
Bernard V. McInerney ◽  
Leon R. McQuade ◽  
Ali Khoddami ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Sorghum Protein

Context Sorghum is an important feed grain for chicken-meat production in Australia. However, it is usually considered inferior to wheat – the foremost feed grain. Kafirin, the dominant protein fraction in sorghum, may be a major contributor to this inferiority due to its negative influence on starch digestion and energy utilisation. Aims The objective of this study was to determine kafirin concentrations in sorghum relative to crude protein and amino acid profiles of both kafirin and total sorghum protein. Methods Concentrations of amino acids and kafirin in 19 Premium Grains for Livestock Program sorghum varieties were quantified. These data were combined with that of up to 14 Poultry Research Foundation sorghum varieties to generate the most exhaustive documentation of its kind. The methodology developed to quantify kafirin concentrations in sorghum is thoroughly described. In addition, essential amino acid profiles in 25 grain sorghums from Australian surveys completed in 1998, 2009 and 2016 were compared statistically. Also, consideration was given to relevant near-infrared spectroscopy predicted data from 992 sorghum varieties from 2014 to 2019. Key results The average kafirin concentration of 48.2 g/kg represented 51.9% of the 92.9 g/kg crude protein (N × 5.81) content in 33 varieties grain sorghum. Kafirin holds a substantial 62.7% share of leucine as the concentration was 8.53 g/kg in kafirin as opposed 13.73 g/kg in total sorghum protein. The proposal was advanced that kafirin contents of local sorghum crops have increased during the past two decades from the 1998, 2009 and 2016 surveys of amino acid profiles in grain sorghum. Conclusions Kafirin concentrations in Australian sorghum crops may have increased over the past two decades, which may be having a negative impact on the performance of broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets. Implications Breeding programs should be directed towards sorghums with lesser kafirin proportions of sorghum protein and/or modified kafirin protein bodies to enhance the nutritive value of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production.

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

Addressing the shortfalls of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Peter H. Selle ◽  
Robert J Hughes ◽  
Ian D. Godwin ◽  
Ali Khoddami ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production

scholarly journals Influence of YEA-SACC 1026 Probiotic on Meat Quality in Chicken Broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ionel TOADER ◽  
Aurel ȘARA ◽  
Mihai BENTEA ◽  
Mirela CADAR
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Important Criterion

The use of probiotics, as fodder supplement for chickens, could stimulate meat quality that is a very important criterion especially for human consumption markets. The study had in view the effects of powdery YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic on meat quality in chicken broilers. There were studied 75 meat chickens of Ross-308 hybrid grouped on three lots of 25 capita/lot during an experimental period of 42 days. In the mixed fodder of experimental lots was added powdery YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic in proportion of 0.1% in lot L1(E) and in proportion of 0.25% in lot L2(E). In the experiment end, were effected control slaughtering of 5 chickens per each lot, to establish the meat quality by trenching and meat chemical composition. After YEA-SACC 1026 probiotic administration, as fodder supplement, the chicken meat quality was improved by increasing the weight of superior quality meat in carcass. The obtained results confirm the favourable effects of probiotics on chicken meat production and its quality

scholarly journals The potential of rapid visco-analysis starch pasting profiles to gauge the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha H. Truong ◽  
Ali Khoddami ◽  
Amy F. Moss ◽  
Sonia Y. Liu ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production

scholarly journals Environmental impact assessment of chicken meat production via an integrated methodology based on LCA, simulation and genetic algorithms

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhony Josué López-Andrés ◽  
Alberto Alfonso Aguilar-Lasserre ◽  
Luis Fernando Morales-Mendoza ◽  
Catherine Azzaro-Pantel ◽  
Jorge Raúl Pérez-Gallardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Integrated Methodology

scholarly journals The multidimensional causal factors of ‘wet litter’ in chicken-meat production

2016 ◽  
Vol 562 ◽  
pp. 766-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Dunlop ◽  
Amy F. Moss ◽  
Peter J. Groves ◽  
Stuart J. Wilkinson ◽  
Richard M. Stuetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Causal Factors

scholarly journals Two-stage least squares simultaneous equation analysis of the demand and supply of chicken meat

Respuestas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Cancino Escalante ◽  
Susan Cancino ◽  
Daniel Francisco Cancino Ricketts
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Equation Analysis ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Two Stage Least Squares

Abstract Chicken meat production is one of the fastest growing industries in Colombia with an average per person consumption of 35.6 kg. Due to the increase in demand and to the growing importance of the chicken meat production to the Colombian economy the objective of the study was to estimate the demand and supply response and the short run elasticities for chicken meat using a two-stage least squares technique for simultaneous equations. Results indicated that chicken meat demand was responsive to changes in own and beef prices as well as income. The direction of the independent variables were as expected, with the exception of pork prices. The response of chicken meat supply to own-price changes was found to be inelastic in the short run. Chicken feed and the exchange rate elasticities did not present a great impact on the percentage changes of the quantity offered of chicken meat. The proposed model can be useful for producers, chicken meat companies managers and policymakers as understanding the factors that affect the chicken market can lead to optimal managerial and financial decisions

scholarly journals HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH HEAVY METALS IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN MEAT VIA CONSUMPTION WITHIN SOUTHERN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
G. I. Ogu ◽  
F. I. Akinnibosun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Southern Nigeria

Chicken meat is classed among one of the major sources of animal proteins and still enjoys global acceptance to date without recourse to their heavy metal residues. Hence, this study investigated the heavy metal residues in raw chicken meat and the associated health risk via consumption within major markets in southern Nigeria. A total of 240 raw chicken meat samples (muscle tissues) were purchased randomly from Warri, Akure, Ado-Ekiti and Benin City markets. After ashing, digestion and heavy metals analysis for Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, Ni, Zn and Cu using standard atomic adsorption spectrophotometer, the target hazard quotient (THQ), health risk index (HI) and daily intake index (non-carcinogenic risk) and incremental cancer risk in children and adults were determined. The mean heavy metals ranged from 0.001 ± 0.001 mg/kg (Cr) to 2.094 ± 0.001 mg/kg (Zn) and varied significantly (P<0.05) with Warri samples (58.9 %) yielding the highest level, followed by Benin City (26.8 %), Ado-Ekiti (10.2 %) and Akure (4.2 %) samples. The non-carcinogenic risks (HR/HI) were substantially low for the metals studied in all the locations except for Cd, which could pose serious health risk among children in Warri location. However, the incremental cancer risk ranged from 10-4 to 10-3 in all the locations, suggesting at least a cancer case per 1,000 exposed people (both in children and adults). Considering the impending public health risks, critical hazards points of heavy metals contaminations along meat production chains should be properly identified to drastically reduce their potential risks to exposed consumers.

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