Seasonal, Landscape, and Attractant Effects on Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Captures in Northeast Kansas

The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), is a highly diverse feeder and widely distributed throughout the United States in agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes. Six four-funnel Lindgren traps were deployed in feed mill, grain elevator, and native prairie landscapes, to determine the most attractive food and pheromone combination (attractant) and patterns in seasonal captures. Traps were baited with combinations of wheat (crimped, high moisture, pre-fed) with or without an R. dominica specific aggregation pheromone in 2017 and 2018. Traps were deployed for 48 h, collected, and the number of R. dominica counted. Rhyzopertha dominica was captured among all landscapes with all attractants. There was a significant correlation between temperature and R. dominica captures, with peak captures occurring during the warmest months. Significantly more R. dominica adults were captured in traps containing the pheromone. In 2017, pheromone traps captured 818% more R. dominica and 543% more than in 2018. The pheromone component in the trap was more attractive than any natural stored wheat condition and should be included in future studies. Understanding the seasonal patterns and changes in capture rates in agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes may be useful in determining times of increased immigration pressure into the newly harvested grain.

Download Full-text

ArcGIS Urban: an application for plan assessment

Computational Urban Science ◽

10.1007/s43762-021-00016-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ellen Soward ◽

Jianling Li

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Spatial Context ◽

Future Studies ◽

Planning Profession ◽

Gis Tools ◽

Comprehensive Plans ◽

Near Future ◽

The City

AbstractMost cities in the United States rely on zoning to address important planning-related issues within their jurisdictions. Planners often use GIS tools to analyze these issues in a spatial context. ESRI’s ArcGIS Urban software seeks to provide the planning profession with a GIS-based solution for various challenges, including zoning’s impacts on the built environment and housing capacity.This research explores the use of ArcGIS Urban for assessing the existing zoning and comprehensive plans in meeting the projected residential growth in the near future using the City of Arlington, Texas as a case study. The exploration provides examples and lessons for how ArcGIS Urban might be used by planners to accomplish their tasks and highlights the capabilities and limitations of ArcGIS Urban in its current stand. The paper is concluded with some suggestions for future studies.

Download Full-text

652. Comparison of fosfomycin (FOF) activity and prevalence of subpopulations between Escherichia coli (EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) during susceptibility testing

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.846 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S384-S384

Author(s):

Jadyn C Anderson ◽

Amanda R Krueger ◽

Elizabeth C Smith ◽

Morgan L Bixby ◽

Hunter V Brigman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Panel Member ◽

Colony Growth ◽

The United States ◽

Research Support ◽

Review Panel ◽

Agreement Rate ◽

Future Studies ◽

Agar Dilution

Abstract Background In the United States, interpretive criteria for FOF are established only for EC, yet those criteria are often extrapolated to KP. Recent studies have highlighted both inferior clinical outcomes after FOF treatment and difficulties in interpretation of inner colony subpopulations, the presence of which may affect clinical efficacy. We sought to compare FOF activity against EC and KP and to determine the prevalence of inner colony subpopulations following disk diffusion (DD) testing of the two species. Methods A convenience collection of 73 KP and 42 EC isolates from 3 U.S. institutions were included. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing was performed in duplicate on separate days using agar dilution (AD) and DD as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, with application of EC susceptibility (≤ 64mg/L) breakpoints. The frequency and counts of inner colonies observed during DD testing was calculated, and colonies were subcultured for use in future studies. Results MIC50/90 values were 1/16 mg/L and 32/256 mg/L for EC and KP respectively. All EC isolates were considered susceptible and therefore categorical agreement was 100%. The majority of KP isolates were considered susceptible (83.6% with AD and 86.3% with DD) and categorical agreement between the methods was 84.9%. Inner colonies were observed during DD testing in 88.1% of EC isolates and 80.8% of KP isolates during at least one replicate, with 47.6% of EC isolates and 39.7% of KP isolates showing inner colony growth during both DD test replicates. More than 10 inner colonies were observed in 50% of EC isolates compared to 12.3% of KP isolates. Conclusion KP isolates demonstrated considerably higher FOF MIC values compared to EC, as evidenced by MIC50/90 values 4-5 dilutions higher than those for EC. The categorical agreement rate was higher among EC than KP, highlighting concerns regarding the practice of extrapolating FOF susceptibility breakpoints for EC to KP. The high frequency of inner colonies observed in DD for both species necessitates further studies to determine best practices for interpreting their relevance, fitness, and resistance in order to identify potential impacts to clinical efficacy of FOF. Disclosures Elizabeth B. Hirsch, PharmD, Merck (Grant/Research Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Advisor or Review Panel member)

Download Full-text

Prediction of seasonal patterns of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA detection in the U.S. swine industry

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/1040638720912406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 394-400

Author(s):

Giovani Trevisan ◽

Leticia C. M. Linhares ◽

Bret Crim ◽

Poonam Dubey ◽

Kent J. Schwartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Robust Regression ◽

Historical Data ◽

The United States ◽

Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

Test Results ◽

Swine Industry ◽

Cyclic Pattern ◽

Rna Detection ◽

Virus Rna

We developed a model to predict the cyclic pattern of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) RNA detection by reverse-transcription real-time PCR (RT-rtPCR) from 4 major swine-centric veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) in the United States and to use historical data to forecast the upcoming year’s weekly percentage of positive submissions and issue outbreak signals when the pattern of detection was not as expected. Standardized submission data and test results were used. Historical data (2015–2017) composed of the weekly percentage of PCR-positive submissions were used to fit a cyclic robust regression model. The findings were used to forecast the expected weekly percentage of PCR-positive submissions, with a 95% confidence interval (CI), for 2018. During 2018, the proportion of PRRSV-positive submissions crossed 95% CI boundaries at week 2, 14–25, and 48. The relatively higher detection on week 2 and 48 were mostly from submissions containing samples from wean-to-market pigs, and for week 14–25 originated mostly from samples from adult/sow farms. There was a recurring yearly pattern of detection, wherein an increased proportion of PRRSV RNA detection in submissions originating from wean-to-finish farms was followed by increased detection in samples from adult/sow farms. Results from the model described herein confirm the seasonal cyclic pattern of PRRSV detection using test results consolidated from 4 VDLs. Wave crests occurred consistently during winter, and wave troughs occurred consistently during the summer months. Our model was able to correctly identify statistically significant outbreak signals in PRRSV RNA detection at 3 instances during 2018.

Download Full-text

Racial Differences in Incident Genitourinary Cancer Cases Captured in the National Cancer Database

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57070671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 671

Author(s):

Dylan T. Wolff ◽

Thomas F. Monaghan ◽

Danielle J. Gordon ◽

Kyle P. Michelson ◽

Tashzna Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Bladder Cancer ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

The United States ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

National Cancer Database ◽

Genitourinary Cancer ◽

Coverage Rates ◽

Capture Rates

Background and Objectives: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) captures nearly 70% of all new cancer diagnoses in the United States, but there exists significant variation in this capture rate based on primary tumor location and other patient demographic factors. Prostate cancer has the lowest coverage rate of all major cancers, and other genitourinary malignancies likewise fall below the average NCDB case coverage rate. We aimed to explore NCDB coverage rates for patients with genitourinary cancers as a function of race. Materials and Methods: We compared the incidence of cancer cases in the NCDB with contemporary United States Cancer Statistics data. Results: Across all malignancies, American Indian/Alaskan Natives subjects demonstrated the lowest capture rates, and Asian/Pacific Islander subjects exhibited the second-lowest capture rates. Between White and Black subjects, capture rates were significantly higher for White subjects overall and for prostate cancer and kidney cancer in White males, but significantly higher for bladder cancer in Black versus White females. No significant differences were observed in coverage rates for kidney cancer in females, bladder cancer in males, penile cancer, or testicular cancer in White versus Black patients. Conclusions: Differential access to Commission on Cancer-accredited treatment facilities for racial minorities with genitourinary cancer constitutes a unique avenue for health equity research.

Download Full-text

Identification of the major yeasts isolated from high moisture corn and corn silages in the United States using genetic and biochemical methods

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2016-11450 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 1151-1160 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M.C. Santos ◽

C. Golt ◽

R.D. Joerger ◽

G.D. Mechor ◽

Gerson B. Mourão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

High Moisture ◽

Biochemical Methods ◽

High Moisture Corn

Download Full-text

#GERIATRICS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE GERIATRICS TWITTER NETWORK

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1223 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S337-S337

Author(s):

Varun Ayyaswami ◽

Arpan Prabhu ◽

Steven Gambert

Keyword(s):

Network Analysis ◽

Geriatric Medicine ◽

The United States ◽

Annual Growth ◽

Social Media Analytics ◽

User Characteristics ◽

Future Studies ◽

Digital Community ◽

Support Organizations ◽

The Impact

Abstract Twitter connects an international community of healthcare stakeholders, potentially augmenting access to information related to geriatric medicine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the geriatric medicine Twitter network, and we hypothesize this community has substantially grown in the last six years. We analyzed all publicly available tweets including the hashtag #geriatrics from January 1, 2013-January 1, 2019 using Symplur Signals, a health care social media analytics platform. We evaluated #geriatrics metrics over time related to activity, content analysis, user characteristics, engagement, and network analysis. A total of 159,008 tweets (containing 42.8% re-tweets) with the hashtag #geriatrics were written by 29,443 users, resulting in 393.6 million impressions. The number of tweets increased from 9,705 in 2013 to 39,151 in 2018 (32.2% compound annual growth); users increased from 3,366 in 2013 to 29,443 in 2018 (55.3% compound annual growth). Users were primarily found in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. The most commonly trending topic from 2013-2015 and from 2016-2018 was ‘older adults’. The top hashtags included in tweets with #geriatrics were #job, #aging, and #hpm (hospice and palliative medicine). Network analysis showed central hubs to be medical journals, provider organizations, individual physicians, and individual advocates. The top 150 influencers consisted primarily of physicians (49.1%), advocate/support organizations (13.8%), and media organizations (6.3%). The use of Twitter to promote geriatric medicine using #geriatrics has matured into an international digital community of interest. Future studies should examine hashtags related to age prevalent illnesses and hashtags likely to be used by patients.

Download Full-text

Effect of Infestation by the Larger Grain Borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), and the Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), on Stored Corn

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/16.3.618 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 618-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C. J. Demianyk ◽

R. N. Sinha

Keyword(s):

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Prostephanus Truncatus ◽

Lesser Grain Borer ◽

Larger Grain Borer

Download Full-text

Abstract TP175: Migraines and the Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.tp175 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Umar Farooq ◽

Kathie Thomas

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Medical History ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

The United States ◽

Future Studies ◽

History Of ◽

Medical Histories ◽

Get With The Guidelines ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sample Set

Background and Objectives: Migraine is a common neurological disorder affecting 38 million people in the United States. Hemorrhagic stroke accounts for 13% of all stroke cases and the risk of having a hemorrhagic stroke is 94 in 100,000 or 0.94%. There are two types of hemorrhagic stroke; intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Previous research has investigated the association between migraine and vascular disease, with several studies demonstrating a possible link between migraines and ischemic stroke. The relationship between migraine and hemorrhagic stroke remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective review from January 2012-December 2014 of hemorrhagic stroke patients (n=3682) from 30 Michigan hospitals using a Get With the Guidelines (GWTG) database was conducted. Stroke subtypes and patient medical histories were examined. This sample set was comprised of 46.95% males and 53.05% females. Results: It was found that the risk for hemorrhagic stroke increased from 0.94% to 2.12% with a medical history of migraines. The risk of ICH with a history of migraine in this study was 1.41%, while the risk of SAH with a history of migraine was 3.11%. The median age for a hemorrhagic stroke in this sample set was 67 years. A patient with a medical history that included migraines, had a median hemorrhagic stroke age of 55 years. Of these patients with a history of migraine who developed a hemorrhagic stroke, 74.7% were female and 25.3% were male. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke is associated with a history of migraines. The median age for an individual with a hemorrhagic stroke and history of migraine was significantly lower (12 years) than the median age of the sample, which indicates that migraines as a risk factor for stroke might be more significant in middle age. Additionally, this risk seemed to impact females much more than males. A limitation of this study is that GWTG Stroke does not include whether the patient has a migraine with or without aura. Migraine with aura has been associated at a higher rate with ischemic stroke than migraine without aura. It would be beneficial for future studies regarding migraine and hemorrhagic stroke to include whether the migraine was associated with or without aura.

Download Full-text

Differences in Reading Motivation Between American and Japanese Students

Journal of Literacy Research ◽

10.1177/1086296x211030455 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1086296X2110304

Author(s):

Hitomi Kambara ◽

Yu-Cheng Lin

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Reading Motivation ◽

The United States ◽

Future Studies ◽

Japanese Students ◽

Cross Cultural Study ◽

Study Results ◽

American Students ◽

Fourth Grade Students ◽

And Gender

This cross-cultural study investigated country and gender differences among American (U.S.A.) and Japanese students’ reading motivation. Fourth-grade students (94 from the United States and 102 from Japan) were administered a reading motivation questionnaire. Study results indicated American students had higher reading motivation than Japanese students on most dimensions, including Self-Efficacy, Challenges, Curiosity, Importance, Involvement, Recognition, Grades, Competition, and Social. We found that culture may impact students’ reading motivation and discuss how individualistic and collectivistic cultures influence students’ reading motivation. Contrasting with the existing research, this study did not show any significant gender differences in reading motivation across the two countries. The null effect of gender needs to be re-examined in future studies.

Download Full-text