scholarly journals Integrating Modelling and Expert Knowledge for Evaluating Current and Future Scenario of Large Cardamom Crop in Eastern Nepal

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Sajana Maharjan ◽  
Faisal Mueen Qamer ◽  
Mir Matin ◽  
Govinda Joshi ◽  
Sanjeev Bhuchar
Keyword(s):  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Large Cardamom

Large Cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is one of the most valuable cash crop of the Himalayan mountain region including Nepal, India, and Bhutan. Nepal is the world’s largest producer of the crop while the Taplejung district contributes a 30%–40% share in Nepal’s total production. Large cardamom is an herbaceous perennial crop usually grown under the shade of the Uttis tree in very specialized bioclimatic conditions. In recent years, a decline in cardamom production has been observed which is being attributed to climate-related indicators. To understand the current dynamics of this under-canopy herbaceous crop distribution and its future potential under climate change, a combination of modelling, remote sensing, and expert knowledge is applied for the assessment. The results suggest that currently, Uttis tree cover is 10,735 ha in the district, while 50% (5198 ha) of this cover has a large cardamom crop underneath. When existing cultivation is compared with modelled suitable areas, it is observed that the cultivatable area has not yet reached its full potential. In a future climate scenario, the current habitat will be negatively affected, where mid elevations will remain stable while lower and higher elevation will become infeasible for the crop. Future changes are closely related to temperature and precipitation which are steadily changing in Nepal over time.

Pollination studies in large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) of Sikkim Himalayan region of India

2011 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kundan Kishore ◽  
Homeshwar Kalita ◽  
Matber Singh ◽  
Ravikant Avasthe ◽  
Brijesh Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Large Cardamom

Curvularia eragrostidis, a new threat to large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) causing leaf blight in Sikkim

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabita Gurung ◽  
Khashti Dasila ◽  
Anita Pandey ◽  
Niladri Bag
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Large Cardamom

Chemical composition of the volatile oil from the pericarp(husk) of large cardamom(Amomum subulatum Roxb.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pura Naik ◽  
L. Jagan Mohan Rao ◽  
T. M. Mohan Kumar ◽  
S. R. Sampathu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Large Cardamom

scholarly journals GEOSPATIAL APPROACH FOR DELINEATING EXTRAPOLATION DOMAINS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W2 ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
F. K. Muthoni ◽  
F. Baijukya ◽  
H. Sseguya ◽  
M. Bekunda ◽  
I. Hoeschle-Zeledon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Domain Identification ◽  
Spatial Targeting ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
On Farm

Sustainable intensification (SI) is a viable pathway to increase agricultural production and improve ecosystem health. Scaling SI technologies in locations with similar biophysical conditions enhance adoption. This paper employs novel extrapolation detection (ExeDet) algorithm and gridded bioclimatic layers to delineate extrapolation domains for improved maize variety (SC719) and inorganic fertilizers (YaraMila-CEREAL<sup>&amp;reg;</sup> and YaraBela-Sulfan<sup>&amp;reg;</sup>) in Tanzania. Suitability was based on grain yields recorded in on-farm trials. The ExeDet algorithm generated three maps: (1) the dissimilarity between bioclimatic conditions in the reference trial sites and the target extrapolation domain (Novelty type-1), (2) the magnitude of novel correlations between covariates in extrapolation domain (Novelty type-2) and (3) the most limiting covariate. The novelty type1 and 2 maps were intersected and reclassified into five suitability classes. These classes were cross-tabulated to generate extrapolation suitability index (ESI) for the candidate technology package. An impact based spatial targeting index (IBSTI) was used to identify areas within the zones earmarked as suitable using ESI where the potential impacts for out scaling interventions can be maximized. Application of ESI and IBSTI is expected to guide extension and development agencies to prioritize scaling intervention based on both biophysical suitability and potential impact of particular technology package. Annual precipitation was most limiting factor in largest area of the extrapolation domain. Identification of the spatial distribution of the limiting factor is useful for recommending remedial measures to address the limiting factor that hinder a technology to achieve its full potential. The method outlined in this paper is replicable to other technologies that require extrapolation provided that representative reference trial data and appropriate biophysical grids are available.

scholarly journals Different environmental gradients affect different measures of snake β-diversity in the Amazon rainforests

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael de Fraga ◽  
Miquéias Ferrão ◽  
Adam J Stow ◽  
William E Magnusson ◽  
Albertina P Lima
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Conservation Actions

Mechanisms generating and maintaining biodiversity at regional scales may be evaluated by quantifying β-diversity along environmental gradients. Differences in assemblages result in biotic complementarities and redundancies among sites, which may be quantified through multi-dimensional approaches incorporating taxonomic β-diversity (TBD), functional β-diversity (FBD) and phylogenetic β-diversity (PBD). Here we test the hypothesis that snake TBD, FBD and PBD are influenced by environmental gradients, independently of geographic distance. The gradients tested are expected to affect snake assemblages indirectly, such as clay content in the soil determining primary production and Height Above the Nearest Drainage (HAND) determining prey availability, or directly, such as percentage of tree cover determining availability of resting and nesting sites, and climate (temperature and precipitation) causing physiological filtering. We sampled snakes in 21 sampling plots, each covering 5 km2, distributed over 880 km in the central-southern Amazon Basin. We used dissimilarities between sampling sites to quantify TBD, FBD and PBD, which were response variables in multiple-linear-regression and RDA models. We show that patterns of snake community composition based on TBD, FBD and PBD are associated with environmental heterogeneity in the Amazon. Despite positive correlations between all β-diversity measures, TBD responded to different environmental gradients compared to FBD and PBD. Our findings suggest that multi-dimensional approaches are more informative for ecological studies and conservation actions compared to a single diversity measure.

scholarly journals Closely-related tree species with overlapping ranges exhibit divergent adaptation to climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W Whale ◽  
Collin W Ahrens ◽  
David T Tissue ◽  
Paul D Rymer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Restoration Strategies

With global climate change shifting and altering temperature and precipitation regimes, the ability of natural forest stands to persist in their local environments are being challenged. For many taxa, particularly among long lived tree species, the potential to respond is underpinned by genetic and trait diversity and may be limited. We sampled 326 and 366 individuals of two widely distributed and closely-related red gum Eucalyptus species (E. blakelyi and E. tereticornis) from across their entire Australian range. We identified putatively adaptive variants associated within genes of key biological processes for both species. We mapped the change of allele frequencies of two hierarchical gene ontology groups shared by both species across geography and climate and predict genomically vulnerable regions under a projected 2070 climate scenario. Regions of potential vulnerability to decline under future climate differed between species and may be applied to guide conservation and restoration strategies. Our study indicated that some populations may contain the adaptive genomic variation necessary for these species to persist through climate change, while others may benefit from the adaptive variation of those populations to enhance resilience.

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