scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Full-Length VP2 of Canine Parvovirus Reveals Antigenic Drift in CPV-2b and CPV-2c Variants in Central Chile

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2387
Author(s):  
Véliz-Ahumada Alexis ◽  
Vidal Sonia ◽  
Siel Daniela ◽  
Guzmán Miguel ◽  
Hardman Timothy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Antigenic Drift ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Vp2 Protein

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a major pathogen in canines, with a high mortality rate in unvaccinated puppies. CPV is traditionally classified into three antigenic variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c) based on the amino acid sequence of the VP2 protein. Currently, various mutations are described in the receptor-binding area or in the regions of greatest antigenicity of the VP2 protein, giving rise to new viral variants that are capable of immunological escape, affecting the protective immunity of traditional vaccines. In the present study, a molecular characterization of the VP2 gene was performed, which included phylogenetic analysis, amino acid characterization and determination of selection pressures. Blood samples were initially collected from canine patients with clinical signs of gastrointestinal infection, of which 69 were positive for CPV as measured by means of PCR and 18 samples were selected for the amplification of the complete VP2 gene. The analysis revealed a higher rate of CPV-2c-positive patients compared to CPV-2b. Furthermore, the amino acid characterization of VP2 indicated mutations in the regions of highest antigenicity previously described in the literature (CPV-2b: 297 and 324; CPV-2c: 440), as well as others not previously documented (CPV-2b: 514; CPV-2c: 188, 322, 379, 427 and 463). Our analysis of selection pressure showed that the VP2 gene is under negative selection. However, positive selection point sites were identified, both in CPV-2c (324, 426 and 440) and CPV-2b (297 and 324), at sites that have been associated with evasion of the immune response via antigenic drift, which possibly has implications for the protective immunity generated by traditional vaccines.

scholarly journals The detection of canine parvovirus type 2c of Asian origin in dogs in Romania evidenced its progressive worldwide diffusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Balboni ◽  
Mihaela Niculae ◽  
Serena Di Vito ◽  
Lorenza Urbani ◽  
Alessia Terrusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Abstract Background Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most important pathogens of dogs. Despite vaccination, CPV infections are still ubiquitous in dogs, and the three antigenic variants 2a, 2b and 2c are variously distributed in the canine population worldwide. To date, no information is available on CPV variants circulating in some European countries. The aim of this study was to genetically characterise the CPV detected in ten dogs with clinical signs of acute gastroenteritis in Romania. The presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 DNA was investigated in faecal samples using an end-point PCR targeting the complete VP2 gene and positive amplicons were sequenced and analysed. Results All ten dogs with acute gastroenteritis tested positive to Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 DNA in faecal samples. The identified viruses belonged to CPV-2c type, showed identical sequences of the VP2 gene and were characterised by distinctive amino acid residues in the deduced VP2 protein: 5-glicine (5Gly), 267-tirosine (267Tyr), 324-isoleucine (324Ile) and 370-arginine (370Arg). These distinctive amino acid residues have already been reported in CPV-2c widespread in Asia and occasionally detected in Italy and Nigeria. Conclusions Since CPV-2c with VP2 amino acid residues 5Gly, 267Tyr, 324Ile and 370Arg were never reported before 2013, it can be assumed that this virus is progressively expanding its spread in the world dog population. This study adds new data about the presence of this new virus in Europe and underline worrying questions about its potential impact on the health of the canine population.

scholarly journals A phylogenetic study of canine parvovirus type 2c in midwestern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danúbia S. Fontana ◽  
Paulo Ricardo D. Rocha ◽  
Raquel A.S. Cruz ◽  
Letícya L. Lopes ◽  
Andréia L.T. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Hemorrhagic Enteritis ◽  
Canine Parvovirus Type 2 ◽  
Representative Samples

Since the late 1970s, canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has emerged as a causative agent of fatal severe acute hemorrhagic enteritis in dogs. To date, three antigenic types of CPV-2 were described worldwide (CPV-2a/b/c). This study was conducted to determine the variants of CPV-2 circulating in dogs from the Cuiabá Municipality in Midwestern Brazil. Out of 50 fecal samples, collected between 2009 and 2011, 27 tested positive for CPV-2. A 583 bp fragment of the VP2 gene was amplified by PCR, 13 representative samples were analyzed further by DNA sequencing. All strains were characterized as CPV-2c, displayed a low genetic variability although observed several amino acid substitution. These findings indicated that CPV-2c has been circulating in dogs from the Cuiabá Municipality in Midwestern Brazil.

scholarly journals Dynamic evolution of canine parvovirus in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255
Author(s):  
N. Inthong ◽  
S. Kaewmongkol ◽  
N. Meekhanon ◽  
K. Sirinarumitr ◽  
T. Sirinarumitr
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Feline Panleukopenia Virus ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background and Aim: According to the previous study, the circulating canine parvovirus (CPV) in Thailand is 2a and 2b. Nowadays, CPV mutants, including CPV-2c, have been identified in many parts of the world. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of the circulating CPV in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Eighty-five CPV-positive fecal samples were obtained from dogs with either acute hemorrhagic diarrhea or diarrhea. The complete VP2 gene of these samples was amplified using VP2 specific primers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The obtained full-length VP2 sequences were analyzed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: Sixty and 25 CPV-positive fecal samples were collected in 2010 and 2018, respectively. Thirty-four samples were new CPV-2a and 31 samples were new CPV-2b due to amino acids substitution at position 297 (Ser-Ala). In 2018, 5 new CPV-2a, 19 CPV-2c, and 1 feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) were found, but no new CPV-2b was detected. Moreover, most of the CPV in this study had amino acids mutations at positions 324 and 440. The phylogenetic construction demonstrated the close relationship between the current new CPV-2a with the previous CPV-2a reported from Thailand, China, Uruguay, Vietnam, Singapore, and India. Interestingly, the current new CPV-2b in this study was not closely related to the previous CPV-2b reported in Thailand. The CPV-2c in this study was closer to Asian CPV-2c and further from either European or South America CPV-2c. Interestingly, FPV was identified in a diarrhea dog. Conclusion: The evolution of CPV in Thailand is very dynamic. Thus, it is important to monitor for CPV mutants and especially the clinical signs relating to these mutants to conduct surveillance for the emergence of new highly pathogenic CPV in the future.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of DNA aptamers specific to VP2 protein of canine parvovirus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mithilesh Singh ◽  
Pranav Tripathi ◽  
Smriti Singh ◽  
Manisha Sachan ◽  
Vishal Chander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Dna Aptamers ◽  
Vp2 Protein ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Determination of natural versus laboratory human infection with Mayaro virus by molecular analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. JUNT ◽  
J. M. HERAUD ◽  
J. LELARGE ◽  
B. LABEAU ◽  
A. TALARMIN
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Mayaro Virus

A laboratory worker developed clinical signs of infection with Mayaro virus (Togaviridae), an arbovirus of South and Central America, 6 days after preparation of Mayaro viral antigen and 10 days after a trip to a rain forest. There was no evidence of skin lesions during the antigen preparation, and level 3 containment safety measures were followed. Therefore, molecular characterization of the virus was undertaken to identify the source of infection. RT–PCR and DNA sequence comparisons proved the infection was with the laboratory strain. Airborne Mayaro virus contamination is thus a hazard to laboratory personnel.

Porcine d-amino acid Oxidase: Determination of the mRNA nucleotide sequence by the characterization of genomic and cDNA clones

Gene ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jacobs ◽  
F. Brockly ◽  
M. Massaer ◽  
R. Loriau ◽  
J.P. Guillaume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidase

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Canine Parvovirus Circulating in China from 2014 to 2019

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Bixia Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Lijing Liao ◽  
Endong Bao
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Protein Sequence Analysis ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Feline Panleukopenia Virus ◽  
Vp2 Protein ◽  
Close Relationship

The global distribution of canine parvovirus (CPV-2) derived from a closely related carnivore parvovirus poses a considerable threat to the dog population. The virus is continuously undergoing genetic evolution, giving rise to several variants. To investigate the prevalence of Chinese CPV-2 strains in recent years, a total of 30 CPV-2 strains were collected from 2018 to 2021 and the VP2 gene was sequenced and analyzed. Two variants, new CPV-2a (297Ala, 426Asn) and CPV-2c (426Glu), were identified. In contrast to previous reports, the CPV-2c variant has gained an epidemiological advantage over the new CPV-2a variant in China. To compensate for the relatively small sample size, 683 Chinese CPV-2 strains identified between 2014 and 2019 were retrieved from the GenBank database and previous publications, and analyses of these strains further supported our findings, which should be considered since the CPV-2c variant has been frequently associated with immune failure in adult dogs. VP2 protein sequence analysis revealed several amino acid substitutions, including Ala5Gly, Pro13Ser, Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile, Gln370Arg, Thr440Ala, and Lys570Arg. Phylogenetic analysis of full-length VP2 gene indicated a close relationship between Chinese strains and other Asian strains, suggesting mutual transmission between Asian countries. Furthermore, intercontinental transmission is a cause for concern. Surprisingly, two feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) strains with the Ile101Thr mutation in the VP2 protein were identified in canine fecal samples; FPV has been considered incapable of infecting dogs. This study clarified the epidemic characteristics of Chinese CPV-2 strains detected between 2014 and 2019, offering a reference for epidemic control. In addition, the detection of FPV in canine samples may provide information for future studies on the evolution of carnivore parvoviruses.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and genotyping of Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) from disease cases in south-eastern Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kowalczyk ◽  
Barbara Majer-Dziedzic ◽  
Krzysztof Kostro ◽  
Aleksandra Szabelak ◽  
Jerzy Ziętek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Vp2 Protein ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Canine Parvovirus Type 2

Abstract Canine parvovirus type 2 is one of the most common causes of death among puppies. Despite preventive vaccination, the disease continues to be diagnosed. The aim of the study was to provide a molecular characterization of CPV-2 isolates found in southeastern Poland. Genetic CPV-2 material was isolated from the blood (n=10) and feces (n=50) of infected dogs. The presence of CPV-2 was confirmed by amplification of sequences coding both VP1 and VP2 protein. The products of the PCR reaction with primers amplifying VP2 protein were sequenced and used for genotyping. Bioinformatics analysis of the sequenced PCR product was performed to determine the phylogenetic relationships with variants recorded in the public databases. Based on the analysis of polymorphism in the nucleotide sequence 7 nucleotide variants were detected and assigned into four amino acid groups. Representatives of three groups contained asparagine at amino acid position 426 of the VP2 protein, which is characteristic of CPV-2a. The variant from the fourth group belonged to type CPV-2b. CPV-2a is the dominant antigenic type of CPV-2 in Poland. The pathogen’s high degree of polymorphism is manifested not only by the presence of numerous variants within the type, but also by the presence of representatives of type CPV-2b. Further studies of the molecular epidemiology of CPV-2 are necessary to optimize the effectiveness of preventive measures.

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