Distribution of Deer Keds (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in Free-Living Cervids of the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, Central Italy, and Establishment of the Allochthonous Ectoparasite Lipoptena fortisetosa

Lipoptena fortisetosa and L. cervi are hematophagous ectoparasites belonging to the Hippoboscidae family and preferentially living on cervids. In recent years, they have received specific attention due to the great increase in the abundance of their host species, and to their medical and veterinary importance as possible vectors of pathogens harmful to humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the parasitism level of both of these flies on their main hosts in Italy, which are red deer, fallow deer, and roe deer, and to highlight a possible preference for a species, sex, or age class among the hosts. Deer keds were collected by examining 326 cervids hunted in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines. Outcomes showed that L. fortisetosa has greatly spread throughout the study area, where it competes with the autochthonous L. cervi. Moreover, red deer was the favored host species of both ectoparasites, while different preferences for host sex and age classes were observed in the two hippoboscids. The regular monitoring of deer ked populations, especially the allochthonous L. fortisetosa, which is continuously spreading in Europe, is recommended to expand the knowledge on these parasitic species that are potentially dangerous to public health.

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Wide exposure toCoxiella burnetiiin ruminant and feline species living in a natural environment: zoonoses in a human–livestock–wildlife interface

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268816002454 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 145 (3) ◽

pp. 478-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. G. CANDELA ◽

A. CABALLOL ◽

P. M. ATANCE

Keyword(s):

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Domestic Sheep ◽

Domestic Ruminant ◽

Free Living ◽

Natural Park ◽

La Mancha

SUMMARYAssessment of the role of wild and domestic hosts as potential reservoirs of misdiagnosed zoonoses, such as Q fever byCoxiella burnetii, is an important public health issue today both for wildlife conservation and management of disease in human–livestock–wildlife interface. This study used ELISA, an indirect antibody, to research (2003–2013)C. burnetiiinfection in seven free-living wild and domestic ruminant species and in European wildcats (Felis silvestris). The animals studied were 0 European wildcats, 21 Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica), 314 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 556 fallow deer (Dama dama), 211 European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), eight roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 407 bovines (Bos taurus) and 3739 sheep (Ovis aries). All the animals shared the same habitat in the Serranía de Cuenca Natural Park (Castile-La Mancha, Spain). The study area is an example of human–domestic–wildlife interface where people and domestic animals live in close proximity to wildlife. ObservedC. burnetiiseropositive frequencies were: 33·3% European wildcats, 23·8% Spanish ibex, 22·5% domestic sheep 1·5% red deer, 1·4% European mouflon, 0·24% cattle, 0·18% fallow deer and 0% roe deer. The study found a wideC. burnetiiprevalence of previous and present exposure in wild and domestic ruminant hosts in the Serranía de Cuenca Natural Park and reports the first evidence ofC. burnetiiexposure in free-living European wildcats.

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Plutonium 241Pu in tissues and organs of Cervidae from Northern Poland

Radiochimica Acta ◽

10.1515/ract-2015-2415 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 103 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Dagmara I. Strumińska-Parulska ◽

Bogdan Skwarzec

Keyword(s):

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Northern Poland ◽

The Subject

AbstractLivers, kidneys and muscles of large herbivorous animals: roe deer, red deer and fallow deer, collected in Northern Poland, were the subject of the investigation. The concentration of

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Observations on autochtonous liver flukes in wild ruminants in Slovakia

Helminthologia ◽

10.1515/helm-2017-0035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 307-313

Author(s):

A. Iglódyová ◽

P. Lazar ◽

J. Čurlík ◽

R. Karolová ◽

J. Ciberej ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Wild Ruminants ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Liver Flukes

SummaryThe aim of the study was monitoring of liver flukes in wild ruminants including red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama) and mouflon (Ovis musimon) in selected regions of Slovak Republic. Between 2014 – 2016 we examined 782 faecal samples from selected wild ruminants using coprological techniques and serological methods (ELISA detection ofF. hepaticacoproantigens). None of the samples was positive for the presence ofFasciola hepatica, 5.89 % of faecal samples were positive forDicrocoelium dendriticum. Higher prevalence was recorded in mouflon (30.83 %), lower in red deer (1.49 %).D. dendriticuminfection was not determined in fallow deer and roe deer. The seasonal distribution of dicrocoeliosis indicated a highest prevalence in autumn. Significantly higher prevalence was recorded in fenced rearing when compared with open hunting grounds, suggesting that animal agglomeration, constant use of the same areas and possible stress are the main risk factors. Parasitological examination of livers of hunted wild ruminants revealed dicrocoeliosis in mouflon.

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Real-time PCR for detection and quantification of red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in meat mixtures

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.09.013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 289-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Violeta Fajardo ◽

Isabel González ◽

Irene Martín ◽

María Rojas ◽

Pablo E. Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Dama Dama ◽

Detection And Quantification

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Pan-American Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) perronei sp. n. in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and its deer ked Lipoptena mazamae: morphological, developmental and phylogeographical characterisation

10.21203/rs.2.19170/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Herakles Antonio Garcia ◽

Alexander P. Blanco ◽

Adriana C. Rodrigues ◽

Carla M. Rodrigues ◽

Carmen S. A. Takata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odocoileus Virginianus ◽

North American ◽

Host Species ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Single Species ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Ssu Rrna ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Deer Ked

Abstract Background: The subgenus Megatrypanum comprises trypanosomes of cervids and bovids from around the world. Here, Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer = WTD) and its ectoparasite, the deer ked Lipoptena mazamae (hippoboscid fly), were surveyed for trypanosomes in Venezuela. Results: Haemoculturing unveiled 20% infected WTD, while 47% (7/15) of blood samples and 38% (11/29) of ked guts tested positive for the Megatrypanum-specific TthCATL-PCR. CATL and SSU rRNA sequences uncovered a single species of trypanosome. Phylogeny based on SSU rRNA and gGAPDH sequences tightly cluster WTD trypanosomes from Venezuela and the USA, which were strongly supported as geographical variants of the herein described Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) perronei sp. n. In our analyses, T. perronei was closest to T. sp. D30 of fallow deer (Germany), both nested into TthII alongside other trypanosomes of cervids (North American elks and European fallow, red and sika deer), and bovids (cattle, antelopes and sheep). Insights into T. perronei life cycle were obtained from early haemocultures of deer blood and co-culture with mammalian and insect cells showing flagellates resembling Megatrypanum trypanosomes previously reported in deer blood, and deer ked guts. For the first time, a trypanosome from a cervid was cultured and phylogenetically and morphologically (light and electron microscopy) characterised. Conclusions: In the analyses based on SSU rRNA, gGAPDH, CATL and ITS rDNA sequences, neither cervids nor bovids trypanosomes were monophyletic but intertwined within TthI and TthII major phylogenetic lineages. One host species can harbour more than one species/genotype of trypanosomes, but each trypanosome species/genotype was found in a single host species or in phylogenetically related hosts. Molecular evidence that L. mazamae may transmit T. perronei suggests important evolutionary constraints making tight the tripartite T. perronei–WTD–deer ked association. In a plausible evolutionary scenario, T. perronei entered South America with North American WTD at the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary following the closure of the Panama Isthmus.

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PCR-RFLP Authentication of Meats from Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama),Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Cattle (Bos taurus), Sheep (Ovis aries), and Goat (Capra hircus)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf051766r ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 1144-1150 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Violeta Fajardo ◽

Isabel González ◽

Inés López-Calleja ◽

Irene Martín ◽

Pablo E. Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Capra Hircus ◽

Dama Dama ◽

Pcr Rflp

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The first detection of nematodes Ashworthius sidemi in elk Alces alces (L.) in Poland and remarks of ashworthiosis foci limitations

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-013-0164-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aleksander Demiaszkiewicz ◽

Izabela Kuligowska ◽

Jacek Lachowicz ◽

Anna Pyziel ◽

Bożena Moskwa

Keyword(s):

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Cervus Nippon ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

European Bison ◽

Long Distance ◽

The North ◽

Current Spread ◽

Ashworthius Sidemi ◽

Primary Parasite

AbstractAshworthius sidemi, a nematode belonging to the family of Trichostrongylidae, is a primary parasite of the Asian deer, mainly sika deer (Cervus nippon), with which it was introduced to Ukraine, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic and France. Migrating red deer carried this parasite from neighboring countries to Polish territory. Until now, in Poland, this parasite has been recorded in European bison, red deer, roe deer and fallow deer. As a result of post-mortem examinations of 10 elk, 2 of them from the Augustów Forest and Biebrza Marshes, A. sidemi were found in abomasa for the first time in Poland. The intensity of the invasions was 120 and 7 specimens, respectively. This finding of Ashworthius sidemi in elk indicates a further expansion of the focus of ashworthiosis in BiaŁowieża towards the north into the Biebrza Marshes and the Augustowska Forest. The growth of the elk population and their tendency for long distance migrations can contribute to the spread of the parasitosis in much greater distances than deer. On the basis of our own research and data from the literature, the current spread of ashworthiosis in Poland is discussed.

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First report of Leptospira infections in red deer, roe deer, and fallow deer in Poland

Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.1515/jvetres-2016-0039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 257-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jacek Żmudzki ◽

Artur Jabłoński ◽

Zbigniew Arent ◽

Sylwia Zębek ◽

Agnieszka Nowak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Serum Antibody ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Hunting Season ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Antibody Titres

AbstractIntroduction: Recently in Europe an increase in the population of red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and fallow deer (Dama dama) has been observed. Research on the prevalence of Leptospira infections in Polish cervids has been performed for the first time.Material and Methods: During 2014/2015 hunting season, 147 blood samples from red deer, roe deer, and fallow deer were collected. The animals originated from different geographical regions across Poland. Serum samples were tested by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the presence of specific antibodies to the following Leptospira serovars: Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Sejroe, Tarassovi, Pomona, Canicola, Bratislava, Hardjo, Ballum, Zanoni, Hebdomadis, and Poi.Results: Serum antibody titres specific to Grippotyphosa, Pomona, and Zanoni serovars were found; none of the sera were positive for any of the other serovars. Out of 147 serum samples only 7 were positive, which gave an overall prevalence of 4.8% in the tested animal population.Conclusion: The low Leptospira antibody titres along with the low number of positive serum samples in deer indicate that these animals may not act as significant reservoirs of Leptospira for either humans or animals in Poland.

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PCR-RFLP identification of meat from red deer, sika deer, roe deer, fallow deer, mouflon, wild boar, hare and cattle

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201988010103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 103-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michaela Nesvadbová ◽

Gabriela Bořilová ◽

Radka Hulánková

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Red Deer ◽

Sika Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Lepus Europaeus ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Food Of Animal Origin ◽

Pcr Rflp

Meat authentication is currently a key topic in relation to the quality and safety of food of animal origin at all levels of production and the global distribution chain. New polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) based on digestion of PCR products with two restriction enzymes, MboII and AciI, have been developed for the specific identification of raw and heat-processed meat from red deer (Cervus elaphus), sika deer (Cervus nippon), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama), mouflon (Ovis musimon), wild boar (Sus scrofa), hare (Lepus europaeus) and cattle (Bos taurus). The PCR primers were targeted in a well-conserved region of the cytochrome b (CYTB) gene to amplify a 378 bp region of all the analysed species. This simple, rapid and cost-effective method is suitable for identification of the meat of game species and their possible substitution by beef.

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Analysis of accuracy of hunting plan in the Czech Republic

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201260030165 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 165-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Radim Plhal ◽

Jiří Kamler

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Population Size ◽

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Calculation Method ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Management Policy ◽

The Czech Republic

This article analyses data on the reported and captured populations of red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama) and mouflon (Ovis musimon) in the Czech Republic during the years 2002–2006. Breeding and hunting plans collected by the State Hunting Authority have been summarized. The analyzed game population size (APS) for each individual territory, using the reverse calculation method, was compared to the counted population size (CPS) of each species. Next, the ratios between the specified population size (SPS) and the CPS were compared; and also the ratios of CPS and actual hunting bag were compared for individual years in the specified periods. Many errors in hunting management policy were found in all analyses regarding red deer. In many cases the APS, using the reverse calculation method, was several-times higher than the CPS. Also a large difference between SPS and CPS was very common. Similar results were also found in the analyses of fallow deer and mouflon populations, where the management policy was very similar to that of red deer. Evaluation of the roe deer management policy showed better results. Despite the fact that the APS was higher than the CPS, it was never several-times higher. Even in SPS and CPS ratios no extreme outcomes were found. From the official processed data it is evident that hunting association plans for game breeding and hunting indicate many significant problems, where the smallest problem is with roe deer and the biggest problem is with red deer.

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