scholarly journals Migration and Histologic Effects of Visible Implant Elastomer (VIE) and Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) Tags in the Marine Toad (Rhinella marina)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3255
Author(s):  
Megan L. Cabot ◽  
Brigid V. Troan ◽  
Kimberly Ange-van Heugten ◽  
Rodney W. Schnellbacher ◽  
Dustin Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Rhinella Marina ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
The Right ◽  
Histologic Changes

Passive integrated transponder (PIT) and visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags are commonly used to identify reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Despite reports of good retention rates and little to no negative effect on survival time, migration remains a concern and histologic changes have not been widely evaluated. Fifty-six wild-caught marine toads (Rhinella marina) were marked with a PIT tag in the left caudal thigh and a VIE tag over the right gastrocnemius muscle prior to transport to the North Carolina Zoo. Fourteen toads were then humanely euthanized on day 9, 15, 32, and 62 for postmortem examination and histopathology which were compared to 10 control toads with no tags. All PIT tags were functional and 95% remained at the insertion site with minimal to no histologic changes. Externally, 48% of VIE tags were visible through the skin at the original site of injection under fluorescent or UV light. Upon gross examination of the tissues, VIE tags had an overall retention rate of 62% at the injection site, with similar retention rates across time points. Migrated VIE material was visible grossly and histologically in the kidneys of 98% of toads and along the right leg, proximally and distally, in 25% of toads. VIE material was also found sporadically in mesentery, colon, and free in the coelomic cavity. Histologically, VIE material in the skin was surrounded by minimal to mild granulomatous inflammation while in the kidney it was associated with dilation of the small vessels, edema, and granulomatous nephritis that progressed in severity over time. Based on these findings, the authors recommend the use of PIT tags over VIE tags for identification of adult anurans, when feasible.

Evaluation of three tagging methods in the sea urchin Diadema antillarum

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1260
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Alberto M. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Diadema Antillarum ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Long Term Studies

Multiple tagging devices have been developed for long-term studies and estimating demographic parameters in sea urchins. In this study, we evaluated the use of passive integrated transponders (PIT-tag), and two types of nylon tags (T-bar and S-tag) in the sea urchin Diadema antillarum by measuring retention rate and apparent survival. The PIT-tags exhibited the highest retention, followed by T-bars, and lastly the S-tags. Differences in recapture were detected among the three types of tags (H = 6.99, P = 0.030). An a posteriori pairwise comparison test found significant differences between PIT-tags and each of the other two types (P < 0.05), whereas T-bar and S-tag did not exhibit significant differences between them (P > 0.05). The semi-captivity experiment exhibited similar results to the field experiment in terms of retention. This experiment also found higher mortality with T-bars. Differences between previous studies conducted under controlled conditions and experiments carried out in the field reflect high variability and the necessity of testing tagging procedures under both settings. The S-tag induced high spine autotomy and low retention; whereas the T-bar demonstrated low retention and low survival. Although the retention rate of PIT-tags was significantly higher than the other two, retention rates were still too low for practical utility in long-term field experiments. In conclusion, the present study does not support the use of any of these tags for long-term studies in D. antillarum.

scholarly journals Application of PIT tags for individual identification of turbot (<i>Scophthalmus maximus</i>)

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Oesau ◽  
G. Thaller ◽  
C. Schulz ◽  
J. Tetens
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scophthalmus Maximus ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Tag Retention ◽  
Correct Function ◽  
Turbot Scophthalmus Maximus

Abstract. Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags only work in very close proximity of the receiver (cm distance). Therefore, active transponders are mainly used in behavioural monitoring. In the present study, the effects of intraabdominal implantation of PIT tags on survival, well-being and growth performance of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were investigated. Furthermore, the tag retention rate and read out error rate of all tags were examined. Passive integrated transponder tags were implanted in the abdominal cavity of nearly 6 000 turbots. All tags were readout and checked for correct function over a period of 122 days every five and a half weeks. No significant effects of tagging on fish survival (mortality rate <0.2 %), health or growth were detected during the trial period. Tag retention rate was 100 % and no malfunctions were observed. Results suggest that turbots can be marked with PIT tags in the abdominal cavity without obvious negative influences on performance traits and tag retention rate.

scholarly journals Long-Term Retention of Passive Integrated Transponder Tags Injected into the Pelvic Girdle of Adult Walleye

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Meerbeek
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Pit Tagging

Abstract We assessed long-term retention of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags injected into the subcutaneous musculature between the pelvic fins of adult Walleye Sander vitreus via collecting fish from natural lakes in northwestern Iowa during April 2015, examining fish for the presence of an existing visual implant tag (used as secondary mark), implanting PIT tags in a representative subsample of previously marked fish, and recapturing fish during subsequent annual surveys. Of the 332 Walleye (range = 444–706 mm; mean total length = 544 mm; standard deviation = 43) PIT tagged in 2015, 87 of 88 (98.9%) recaptured from 1 to 4 y after tagging retained their tag. We captured 23 Walleye more than once (≥ 2 y after tagging) and all Walleye had retained their tag on their second or third recapture. This study and others demonstrate that the pelvic girdle was an effective PIT-tagging location for long-term studies evaluating adult Walleye population dynamics. In addition, the low probability of tags being encountered in fish fillets by anglers makes this a desirable tag location for Walleye studies where Walleye are often targeted for consumption. These studies collectively demonstrate that PIT tags inserted into the pelvic girdle of a range of Walleye sizes yield retention rates suitable for advanced population modeling or stocking evaluations.

A Systematic Review on Extracellular Vesicles-Enriched Fat Grafting: A Shifting Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghiasloo ◽  
Laura De Wilde ◽  
Kashika Singh ◽  
Patrick Tonnard ◽  
Alexis Verpaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Cochrane Central Register

Abstract Background Recent evidence confirms that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) facilitate angiogenesis mainly through paracrine function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are regarded as key components of the cell secretome, possessing functional properties of their source cells. Subsequently, MSC-EVs have emerged as a novel cell-free approach to improve fat graft retention rate. Objectives To provide a systematic review of all studies reporting the use of MSC-EVs to improve graft retention rate. Methods A systematic search was undertaken using the Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Outcome measures included donor/receptor organism of the fat graft, study model, intervention groups, evaluation intervals, EV research data, in vitro and in vivo results. Results Of the total 1717 articles, 62 full-texts were screened. Seven studies reporting on 294mice were included. Overall, EV treated groups showed higher graft retention rates compared to untreated groups. Notably, retention rate was similar following EV- and MSC-treatment. In addition to reduced inflammation, graft enrichment with EVs resulted in early revascularization and better graft integrity. Interestingly, hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs improved their beneficial paracrine effects and led to a more proangiogenic EV population, as observed by both in vitro and in vivo results. Conclusions MSC-EVs appear to offer an interesting cell-free alternative to improve fat graft survival. While their clinical relevance remains to be determined, it is clear that not the cells, but their secretome is essential for graft survival. Thus, a paradigm shift from cell-assisted lipotransfer towards ‘secretome-assisted lipotransfer’ is well on its way.

scholarly journals Successful removal of a central venous catheter misplaced in the right subclavian artery using an intravascular stent: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Yoshida ◽  
Shinichiro Ikemoto ◽  
Yasuyuki Tokinaga ◽  
Kanako Ejiri ◽  
Tomoyuki Kawamata
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Intravascular Stent ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Cannulation of a central venous catheter is sometimes associated with serious complications. When arterial cannulation occurs, attention must be given to removal of a catheter. Case presentation A 62-year-old man was planned for emergency thoracic endovascular aortic repair. After the induction of anesthesia, a central venous catheter was unintentionally inserted into the right subclavian artery. We planned to remove the catheter. Since we considered that surgical repair would be highly invasive for the patient, we decided to remove it using a percutaneous intravascular stent. A stent was inserted through the right axillary artery. The stent was expanded immediately after the catheter was removed. Post-procedural angiography revealed no leakage from the catheter insertion site and no occlusion of the right subclavian and vertebral arteries. There were no obvious hematoma or thrombotic complications. Conclusions A catheter that has been misplaced into the right subclavian artery was safely removed using an intravascular stent.

scholarly journals Near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults: a feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Leng-Hsien Soh ◽  
Chee-Wee Tan ◽  
Judith Lane ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Benjamin Soon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Balance Recovery ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background A near-fall is defined as a loss of balance that would result in a fall if sufficient balance recovery manoeuvres are not executed. Compared to falls, near-falls and its associated balance recovery manoeuvres have been understudied. Older adults may not recognise a near-fall or identify the use of their balance recovery manoeuvres to prevent a fall. The consensus on the methods to collect near-fall data is lacking. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of recruitment and retention. Secondary objectives were to establish evidence that Singapore community-dwelling older adults can identify near-falls and associated balance recovery manoeuvres. Texting and calling methods were explored as reporting methods. Methods This study took place in Singapore (September to October 2019). Participants were healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 or older. Recruitment was done through poster advertisement, and all participants gave informed consent. Participants attended a briefing session and reported their near-fall or fall incidence over 21 days using either daily texting or calling. The primary outcome measures were the recruitment rate, retention rate, preferred modes for data reporting and ability to report near-falls or falls. Secondary outcomes included the self-reported incidence of falls and near-falls. Results Thirty older adults were recruited in 5 weeks. All participants completed the study. They understood near-fall concepts and were able to report the occurrence and relevant balance recovery manoeuvres used to prevent a fall. 87% (26/30) chose to text while 13% (4/30) selected calling as their reporting method. One actual fall (0.16%) out of 630 responses was reported. Thirty-six incidents (5.7%) of near-falls were recorded. Sixteen participants (53.3%) experienced near-falls and half of this group experienced two or more near-falls. The use of reach-to-grasp strategy (36%), compensatory stepping (52.8%), and other body regions (11.2%) were used to prevent the fall. Conclusions The study provided evidence that studying near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults is feasible and can be applied to a large-scale study. Recruitment and retention rates were good. Older adults were able to identify near-falls and balance recovery manoeuvres. Both texting and calling were feasible reporting methods, but texting was preferred. Trial registration ClinicalTrials identifier: NCT04087551. Registered on September 12, 2019

Abstract TP292: Effect of Improved Management Strategies on Study Retention Rates

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dela Cruz ◽  
Kinga Aitken ◽  
Ka-Ho Wong ◽  
Theodore Rock ◽  
Jennifer J Majersik
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Trial Duration ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Stroke Center ◽  
Stroke Trial

Introduction: Average national dropout rates of participants enrolled in a research trial are reported to be 30%. Factors contributing to loss of stroke patient retention include the lack of understanding of study expectations, lack of relationship building between patient and clinical research team, and inefficient management processes. There has been little research into interventions to improve retention. Focusing on these 3 factors may increase the likelihood of stroke patients adhering to and completing participation in stroke trials. The University of Utah Stroke Center became a StrokeNet regional coordinating center in October 2013. As study trials increased, we recognized the need to implement new trial management strategies and did so in January 2016. Methods: Stroke trial metrics were compared between the pre-implementation period (7/1/2012 - 12/31/2015) and a post-implementation period (1/7/2016 - 7/1/2019). The size of clinical research team personnel remained the same across the two periods: 4 coordinators and 9 physicians. Standardization of enrollment processes in stroke trials occurred during the post-implementation period. Three key aspects addressed in the post-implementation period were building rapport, setting realistic expectations, and properly educating patient and family members. The clinical research team incorporated these factors when approaching patients regardless of type of stroke trial (acute, subacute, or observational). Results: During the pre-implementation period, the Stroke Center research team managed 8 stroke studies with 52 patients consented with average trial duration of 23 months (SD); in the post-implementation period, there were 15 studies with 99 patients consented, with average trial duration of 22 months (SD). Retention improved after the intervention from a mean (SD) retention rate of 79.5 (29.7) %. to 90.8 (17.2) %. Although this difference was not significant, it represented meaningful change to the research staff and helped us achieve StrokeNet retention goals. Conclusion: Implementation of effective management strategies leads to higher retention rates of stroke patients despite no change in the size of the clinical research team.

The Teacher Shortage in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Lindsay Bryner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Teacher Retention ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Teacher Shortage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
The Right ◽  
Education Stakeholders ◽  
Use Of Research

A major teacher shortage exists in the United States. As teachers leave the classroom in droves, administrators are forced to hire unlicensed educators in order to fill vacant positions. Teachers have decided to change professions due to a lack of competitive salaries, fear of personal safety, and a lack of support from education stakeholders. Through the use of research in academic journals and articles as well as personal anecdotes, I attempt to prove that teachers are not being treated fairly, and if the right changes are made then the teacher retention rate can be improved.

Identification of the Optimal Recipient Layer for Transplanted Fat: A Prospective Study on Breast Lipoaugmentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1071-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoshuang Guo ◽  
Dali Mu ◽  
Wenshan Xing ◽  
Yaping Qu ◽  
Jie Luan
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Pectoralis Muscle ◽  
Recipient Site ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Volume Retention

Abstract Background Fat grafting has become a popular procedure in aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries due to its safety, minimal invasiveness, and favorable visual outcomes, although the volume retention rate is unpredictable. Objectives A prospective clinical study on lipoaugmentation of the breast was conducted to compare fat retention rates in the pectoralis muscle and the periglandular area. Methods This prospective study included 20 breasts from 11 patients who underwent primary lipoaugmentation. Volume retention rate and percentage augmentation among different recipient layers, as well as complications and patient satisfaction, were evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed preoperatively and at 1 day and 3 months postoperatively. Complications were recorded, and patient satisfaction was appraised through the use of the Breast-Q questionnaire. Results Breasts were injected with 207 ± 29 mL of fat, achieving overall volume retention rates of 56.63% ± 16.40%. The overall augmentation was 21.53% ± 10.27%. Volume retention rate was significantly higher (59.00% ± 13.84%) in the periglandular area than in the pectoralis muscle (47.21% ± 22.41%) (P = 0.04). Augmentation was significantly higher (32.13% ± 12.96%) in the periglandular area than in the pectoralis muscle (4.95% ± 4.23%) (P = 0.00). Pain and numbness were the only reported complications. The Breast-Q score increased significantly for the measures “satisfaction with breasts,” “psychosocial well-being,” and “sexual well-being.” Conclusions Fat transfer is a safe and acceptable method for aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. The periglandular area was a better recipient site than muscle for transferred fat. Level of Evidence: 4

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document