Evaluation of three tagging methods in the sea urchin Diadema antillarum

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1260
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Alberto M. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Diadema Antillarum ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Long Term Studies

Multiple tagging devices have been developed for long-term studies and estimating demographic parameters in sea urchins. In this study, we evaluated the use of passive integrated transponders (PIT-tag), and two types of nylon tags (T-bar and S-tag) in the sea urchin Diadema antillarum by measuring retention rate and apparent survival. The PIT-tags exhibited the highest retention, followed by T-bars, and lastly the S-tags. Differences in recapture were detected among the three types of tags (H = 6.99, P = 0.030). An a posteriori pairwise comparison test found significant differences between PIT-tags and each of the other two types (P < 0.05), whereas T-bar and S-tag did not exhibit significant differences between them (P > 0.05). The semi-captivity experiment exhibited similar results to the field experiment in terms of retention. This experiment also found higher mortality with T-bars. Differences between previous studies conducted under controlled conditions and experiments carried out in the field reflect high variability and the necessity of testing tagging procedures under both settings. The S-tag induced high spine autotomy and low retention; whereas the T-bar demonstrated low retention and low survival. Although the retention rate of PIT-tags was significantly higher than the other two, retention rates were still too low for practical utility in long-term field experiments. In conclusion, the present study does not support the use of any of these tags for long-term studies in D. antillarum.

scholarly journals Assessment of PIT tag retention, growth and post-tagging survival in juvenile lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack D’Arcy ◽  
Suzanne Kelly ◽  
Tom McDermott ◽  
John Hyland ◽  
Dave Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Tag Retention ◽  
Cyclopterus Lumpus ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract Background Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags are used to study the movement and behaviour in populations of a wide variety of fish species and for a number of different applications from fisheries to aquaculture. Before embarking on long-term studies, it is important to collect information on both short- and medium-term survival and tag retention for the species in question. In this study, 90 juvenile lumpfish (10–20 g, 30 fish per replicate tank) were implanted with 12.5-mm FDX PIT tags. Results Tag retention, growth rates and survival were compared to those of fish subjected to handling only (90 fish, 30 per replicate tank). Overall survival was 100% during the 28-day monitoring period, and tag retention was 99%. Conclusions Results indicate that retention rates of 12.5-mm PIT tags in juvenile lumpfish are high, and there is no significant effect on growth rates or survival in a hatchery environment.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic acid content in potato tubers with colored flesh as affected by a genotype, location and long-term storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Matyáš Orsák ◽  
Karel Hamouz ◽  
Jaromír Lachman ◽  
Pavel Kasal
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Flesh Color ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

In three-year field experiments, the effect of genotype, flesh color, site conditions and storage on chlorogenic acid content (CAC) in tubers of potato cultivars with purple or red flesh was compared to yellow-fleshed cv. Agria. The results confirmed the significant effect of genotype on CAC. The highest CAC was characteristic on a three-year mean for the purple-fleshed cv. Vitelotte (769.5 mg/kg fresh weight (FW)), i.e. 1.19−2.6 times higher than in the other cultivars. In regard to the effect of flesh color, significantly higher mean CAC levels have been shown for the red-fleshed (2.8 times) and purple-fleshed (3.16 times) cultivars in comparison with cv. Agria (148 mg/kg FW). At the Uhříněves location with a warmer climate and frequent dry periods as compared to the second Valečov location, a higher CAC (1.18 times) was found. Cold storage (4°C, 6 months) resulted in a significant CAC increase varying from 33.2% in the Blaue St. Galler cultivar to 210.6% in the Vitelotte cultivar among all eight evaluated color-fleshed cultivars. On the other hand, the effect of storage on CAC was not evident in the yellow-fleshed Agria cultivar (inconclusive difference against CAC after harvest).

Effectiveness of two tagging devices in the sea cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Julián López-Morell ◽  
Alberto M. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Studies

A reliable and harmless mark–recapture method provides valuable information for the management of commercial sea cucumber species. Nevertheless, marking and tracking sea cucumbers is notoriously difficult and represents a serious challenge. In this study, we tested one external and one internal tag in the sea cucumber Holothuria grisea. A passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag was inserted into the coelomic cavity in one treatment, whereas a T-bar (external tag) was attached in the upper surface of the body wall in the other treatment; sea cucumbers were then followed for 17 weeks. The tagging procedure caused no evisceration in the experimental groups, nor was a significant difference in growth rate found between treatments. The retention of the PIT tag was low, with 100% lost by Week 9. Retention of T-bars was higher, with 90% still attached by the end of the Week 8, but retention decreased thereafter as T-bar absorption increased. No relationship was found between initial weight and the number of weeks PIT tags (r=–0.173, P=0.781) or T-bars (r=–0.220, P=0.652) were retained. Neither the T-bar nor the PIT tags fulfilled the requirements of high retention required for long-term studies. However, we do recommend the use of T-bars for short-term studies for H. grisea under laboratory conditions or in a habitat with low substrate complexity.

scholarly journals Seepage metal concentrations beneath long-term operated bioretention systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Reck ◽  
Mogens Thalmann ◽  
Eva Paton ◽  
Björn Kluge
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Trace Metal Concentration ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Metal Retention ◽  
Metal Contents

Abstract Bioretention systems maintain the natural water cycle and help to mitigate climatic extremes impact on urban areas by retarding, storing, and evaporating stormwater runoff. Although bioretention systems have been operated for more than 25 years, systematic investigations on the hydrological functionality and pollutant retention performance of older systems are rare. We employed laboratory and field experiments to investigate three long-term operated bioretention systems in Germany with the following objectives: (i) physico-chemical substrate characterisation; (ii) an event-based influent and effluent trace metal concentration monitoring covering 22 months and (iii) the calculation of metal retention rates. Regarding the pollution status, we found significantly increased trace metal contents in the soil substrate mainly as a function of the drainage area type and the inflow regime. Nonetheless, all measured metal seepage concentrations fall below the German legislative trigger values. Our current findings demonstrate no risk of groundwater degradation even for old bioretention systems suggesting bioretention as a powerful and sustainable tool for stormwater management. Further research requires the handling of soil substrates modified by stormwater infiltration showing enhanced trace metal contents and a certain amount of technogenic sediments.

Does Brood Size Manipulation Affect Later Competitive Behaviour of Offspring?

Behaviour ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 134 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. De Kogel
Keyword(s):  
Brood Size ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competitive Behaviour

AbstractData from several field experiments support the existence of a trade-off between number and quality of offspring. However, long term effects of brood size on fitness related traits of offspring have been a relatively neglected area of research. In a laboratory experiment the effect of manipulated brood size on subsequent competitive ability of adult offspring was investigated. Zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata, were reared in small or large broods and young were exchanged in such a way that natural siblings from different rearing conditions could be compared. Competitive behaviour was assessed in two different contexts: competition for food (both sexes tested) and competition for mates (only males tested). There was no significant difference between males from small and large broods in number of succesfull attacks (after which the other male moved away) during male-male aggressive interactions provoked by the presentation of a female in an adjacent cage. Nor did brood size affect latency to eat, time spent eating or success at displacing the other bird from the feeder during food competition tests. The results thus suggest consistently that later competitive ability of offspring is not affected by brood size in this species.

scholarly journals Food preferences of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, central-east Atlantic Ocean)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tuya ◽  
J.A. Martín ◽  
G.M. Reuss ◽  
A. Luque
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Diadema Antillarum ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Lobophora Variegata ◽  
Gran Canaria

Preferences of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) feeding on five species of brown macroalgae (Padina pavonica, Dyctiota dychotoma, Cystoseira abies-marina, Lobophora variegata and Halopteris filicina) have been studied using caging field experiments on Gran Canaria Island during August to October 2000. Results of three assays of both single and multiple diet experiments rejected the null hypothesis that Diadema does not feed selectively on the five selected algal species. In the multiple diet assays, Diadema consumed an average of 68–98 mg algae urchin−1 h−1 and 4–120 mg algae urchin−1 h−1 in the single diet experiments. On the basis of consumption, the five species of algae eaten can be divided into three groups. Thus Halopteris, Lobophora and Dyctiota were considered preferred algae, while Padina was considered an intermediate alga. Finally Cystoseira was significantly the less preferred and consumed seaweed in all sets of assays.

scholarly journals POS0639 LONG-TERM EFFECTIVENESS OF THE RITUXIMAB HALF DOSE REGIMEN FOLLOWING A RESPONSE TO THE LICENSED DOSE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 557-558
Author(s):  
L. Garcia-Montoya ◽  
M. Y. Md Yusof ◽  
G. Eugénio ◽  
J. B. Candelier ◽  
S. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Eular Response ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Half Dose

Background:Following initial treatment with rituximab (RTX) full dose (2x1000mg), B-cell numbers are often lower than baseline. The half dose regime (2x500mg) has been reported to be similarly effective [1]; however, there is limited long-term data on the effectiveness of switching to RTX half-dose from the real-world perspective.Objectives:To compare the 3-year RTX regime retention between patients receiving retreatment with half-dose and full-dose of RTX, and assess factors associated with maintenance of 2x500mg, with a view to establish an optimal long-term retreatment strategy in RA.Methods:An observational study was conducted on 755 consecutive RTX-treated RA patients in a single centre for over 20 years. Of these, 165/755 (22%) received at least one cycle of 2x500mg. Long-term effectiveness was assessed using RTX retention rate. Drug survival of patients treated with 2x500mg was compared with 200 RA patients receiving 2x1000mg throughout the study, matched to the number of cycle when the 2x500mg regime was initiated.Results:Of the 165 patients who received 2x500mg, 81.8% were female; mean age was 63.4 (26-91) years; mean disease duration 15.5 (2-53) years; 57 (34.5%) were bDMARDs-naïve; 121 (74%) were on concomitant DMARDs and mean DAS-28 was 3.9 (SD 1.29) at the half dose initiation. At 3 years, the retention rate was 38% for patients recieving 2x500mg compared to 87% for those on 2x1000mg; HR for half dose discontinuation was 6.17 [95%CI (3.91-12.27); p<0.001] (Figure 1A).The main reasons for 2x500mg discontinuation were poor EULAR response (30%); moderate EULAR response (30%); shorter duration of response compared to the full dose (22%); and incomplete B-cell depletion (17%). The majority of these patients (87.9%) were switched back to 2x1000mg, 5.1% received other bDMARDs and 7.1% did not receive further DMARDs.In multivariable analysis, previous TNFi use was associated with 3-year maintenance of the 2x500mg dose [OR 2.63 (1.12-6.10); p=0.024]; while higher plasmablasts at 2x500mg initiation was associated with shorter maintenance of this regime [OR 0.78 (0.67-0.97); p=0.028].There were no significant differences in 5-year RTX retention rates between patients receiving 2x500mg and switched back to 2x1000mg vs those receiving 2x1000mg throughout the study (Log-Rank=0.186) (Figure 1B).Conclusion:The use of RTX half-dose regimen was associated with poor retention at 3 years. Nevertheless, where loss of effectiveness occurs post-2x500mg initiation, switching back to 2x1000mg appears to be a pragmatic option. Patients with previous TNFi exposure and lower plasmablasts may be most suited to be commenced on the 2x500mg dose for long-term disease control.References:[1]Mariette X, et al. ARD 2014Acknowledgements:Leeds CaresDisclosure of Interests:Leticia Garcia-Montoya: None declared, Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof: None declared, Gisela Eugénio: None declared, Jean Baptiste Candelier: None declared, Sudipto Das Speakers bureau: Dr Das has received honoraria from Roche, Edward Vital Speakers bureau: Dr Vital has received honoraria from Roche, Consultant of: Dr Vital has received honoraria a from Roche, Grant/research support from: Dr Vital has received research grant support from Roche, Paul Emery Speakers bureau: Professor Emery has received honoraria from Roche, Consultant of: Professor Emery has received consultant fees from Roche, Grant/research support from: Professor Emery has received research grants paid to his employer from Roche.

Facility-Level Factors Associated With CNA Turnover and Retention: Lessons for the Long-Term Services Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1436-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A Kennedy ◽  
Robert Applebaum ◽  
John R Bowblis
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Nursing Assistant ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Facility Level

Abstract Background and Objectives Certified nursing assistant (CNA) turnover and retention are critical aspects of facilities’ ability to provide cost-effective, high-quality person-centered care. Previous studies and industry practice often treat turnover and retention as similar concepts, assuming that low turnover and high retention are synonymous. The study addressed the question of whether turnover and retention rates differ and if so, what those differences mean for nursing home practice, policy, and research. Research Design and Methods This study examines facility-level factors associated with CNA retention and turnover rates using 2015 data from the Ohio Biennial Survey of Long-Term Care Facilities, Ohio Medicaid Cost Reports, Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Report, and the Area Health Resource File. Using bivariate tests and regression analysis, we compare rates and the factors associated with retention and turnover. Results The mean facility annual retention rate was 64% and the mean annual turnover rate was 55%. As expected, there was a statistically significant and negative correlation between the rates (r = −0.26). However, some facilities had both high retention and high turnover and some had low rates for both measures. Not all the variables that are associated with turnover are also associated with retention. Discussion and Implications CNA retention is not simply the absence of CNA turnover. Given the differences, nursing homes may need to use strategies and policies designed to target a particular stability measure.

Fingermath for the Visually Impaired: An Intrasubject Design

1984 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleborne D. Maddux ◽  
Dennis Cates ◽  
Virginia Sowell
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Visually Handicapped ◽  
Long Term Studies

Fingermath may be an alternative to the abacus for instructing visually handicapped children in mathematics. This article describes a preliminary study conducted with three visually handicapped elementary school children who used the abacus but had never learned fingermath. The results indicated that the transition from one method of computation to the other did not cause confusion and that skill with fingermath can be acquired extremely quickly. Determining the relative efficacy of the two computational methods will require more complex long-term studies.

scholarly journals Long-Term Retention of Passive Integrated Transponder Tags Injected into the Pelvic Girdle of Adult Walleye

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-596
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Meerbeek
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Pit Tagging

Abstract We assessed long-term retention of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags injected into the subcutaneous musculature between the pelvic fins of adult Walleye Sander vitreus via collecting fish from natural lakes in northwestern Iowa during April 2015, examining fish for the presence of an existing visual implant tag (used as secondary mark), implanting PIT tags in a representative subsample of previously marked fish, and recapturing fish during subsequent annual surveys. Of the 332 Walleye (range = 444–706 mm; mean total length = 544 mm; standard deviation = 43) PIT tagged in 2015, 87 of 88 (98.9%) recaptured from 1 to 4 y after tagging retained their tag. We captured 23 Walleye more than once (≥ 2 y after tagging) and all Walleye had retained their tag on their second or third recapture. This study and others demonstrate that the pelvic girdle was an effective PIT-tagging location for long-term studies evaluating adult Walleye population dynamics. In addition, the low probability of tags being encountered in fish fillets by anglers makes this a desirable tag location for Walleye studies where Walleye are often targeted for consumption. These studies collectively demonstrate that PIT tags inserted into the pelvic girdle of a range of Walleye sizes yield retention rates suitable for advanced population modeling or stocking evaluations.

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