scholarly journals Levodopa-Loaded 3D-Printed Poly (lactic) Acid/Chitosan Neural Tissue Scaffold as a Promising Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10727
Author(s):  
Ezgi Saylam ◽  
Yigit Akkaya ◽  
Elif Ilhan ◽  
Sumeyye Cesur ◽  
Ece Guler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
3D Printed

Parkinson’s disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, develops due to decreased dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. Levodopa, a dopamine precursor used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, can be used as a drug delivery system. This study presents an approach to the use of 3D-printed levodopa-loaded neural tissue scaffolds produced with polylactic acid (PLA) and chitosan (CS) for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Surface morphology and pore sizes were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Average pore sizes of 100–200 µm were found to be ideal for tissue engineering scaffolds, allowing cell penetration but not drastically altering the mechanical properties. It was observed that the swelling and weight loss behaviors of the scaffolds increased after the addition of CS to the PLA. Levodopa was released from the 3D-printed scaffolds in a controlled manner for 14 days, according to a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) derived from human adipose tissue were used in MTT analysis, fluorescence microscopy and SEM studies and confirmed adequate biocompatibility. Overall, the obtained results show that PLA/CS 3D-printed scaffolds have an alternative use for the levodopa delivery system for Parkinson’s disease in neural tissue engineering applications.

One-step fabrication of bicompartmental microparticles as a dual drug delivery system for Parkinson’s disease management

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 730-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kr. Parthipan ◽  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Kalpana Pandey ◽  
Bhavna Sharma ◽  
Josemon Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
One Step ◽  
Dual Drug

The Two Faces of Exosomes in Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathology to Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 107385842199000
Author(s):  
Maria Izco ◽  
Estefania Carlos ◽  
Lydia Alvarez-Erviti
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Macromolecular Drugs ◽  
The Brain

Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes play a key role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Exosomes may contribute to the PD progression facilitating the spread of pathological alpha-synuclein or activating immune cells. Glial cells also release exosomes, and transmission of exosomes derived from activated glial cells containing inflammatory mediators may contribute to the propagation of the neuroinflammatory response. Glia-to-neuron transmission of exosomes containing alpha-synuclein may contribute to alpha-synuclein propagation and neurodegeneration. Additionally, miRNAs can be transmitted among cells via exosomes inducing changes in the genetic program of the target cell contributing to PD progression. Exosomes also represent a promising drug delivery system. The brain is a difficult target for drugs of all classes because the blood-brain barrier excludes most macromolecular drugs. One of the major challenges is the development of vehicles for robust delivery to the brain. Targeted exosomes may have the potential for delivering therapeutic agents, including proteins and gene therapy molecules, into the brain. This review summarizes recent advances in the role of exosomes in PD pathology progression and their potential use as drug delivery system for PD treatment, the two faces of the exosomes in PD.

Nanotechnology driven approaches for the management of Parkinson’s disease: Current status and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrestha Sharma ◽  
Syed Arman Rabbani ◽  
Tanya Agarwal ◽  
Sanjula Baboota ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Novel Drug

: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is believed to be one of the commonly found adult-onset movement disorder occurring due to neurodegeneration and striatal dopamine deficiency. Although clinical diagnosis depends on the occurrence of bradykinesia and other cardinal motor features, PD is linked with many non-motor symptoms that are responsible for overall disability. Among several factors, genetic and environment related factors are thought to be the major ones accountable for PD. Comprehensive research have shown that a number of drugs are effective in providing symptomatic relief to the patients suffering from PD. But some drug molecules suffer from significant drawbacks such as poor bioavailability and instability, therefore they sometimes fail to deliver the expected results. Hence, to resolve these issues, new promising novel drug delivery systems have been developed. Liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsion, self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS), niosomesare some of the novel drug delivery system (NDDS) carriers that have been explored for enhancing the CNS concentration of levodopa, apomorphine, resveratrol and other numerous drugs. This paper elucidates various drugs that have been studied for their potent contributionin treatmentand management of PD and also reviews and acknowledges the efforts of several scientists who successfully established various NDDS approaches for these drugs for the management of PD.

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