scholarly journals A Performance–Consumption Balanced Scheme of Multi-Hop Quantum Networks for Teleportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10869
Author(s):  
Jin Xu ◽  
Xiaoguang Chen ◽  
Hanwei Xiao ◽  
Pingxun Wang ◽  
Mingzi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Bell State ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Interference Immunity ◽  
Quantum Networks ◽  
Ghz States ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Basic States ◽  
Fusion Scheme ◽  
Better Than

Teleportation is an important protocol in quantum communication. Realizing teleportation between arbitrary nodes in multi-hop quantum networks is of great value. Most of the existing multi-hop quantum networks are based on Bell states or Greeberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Bell state is more susceptible to noise than GHZ states after purification, but generating a GHZ state consumes more basic states. In this paper, a new quantum multi-hop network scheme is proposed to improve the interference immunity of the network and avoid large consumption at the same time. Teleportation is realized in a network based on entanglement swapping, fusion, and purification. To ensure the robustness of the system, we also design the purification algorithm. The simulation results show the successful establishment of entanglement with high fidelity. Cirq is used to verify the network on the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) platform. The robustness of the fusion scheme is better than the Bell states scheme, especially with the increasing number of nodes. This paper provides a solution to balance the performance and consumption in a multi-hop quantum network.

ENTANGLEMENT DYNAMICS OF TRANSFERRING BELL STATES IN SPIN CHAINS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3341-3349 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIE REN ◽  
SHIQUN ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wire ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Spin Chains ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Entanglement Dynamics ◽  
State Formula ◽  
Better Than

A teleportation scheme between two arbitrary locations is introduced. The locations only need to establish a quantum wire to a super-location. The super-location can create and transfer Bell states by two unmodulated and coupled spin chains or by two engineered spin chains. The entanglement of transferring the Bell state of [Formula: see text] is better than that of transferring state [Formula: see text].

QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION BASED ON ENTANGLEMENT SWAPPING BETWEEN TWO BELL STATES

2006 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
FENZHUO GUO ◽  
TAILIN LIU ◽  
QIAOYAN WEN ◽  
FUCHEN ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Quadratic Residue ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Dual Basis ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Two Level Systems

Based on entanglement swapping between two Bell states, two novel quantum key distribution protocols are proposed. One is for two-level systems, where there is no need for classical communication before each entanglement swapping. This feature is essential to its practical realization. Furthermore, to establish an arbitrarily long key, the protocol needs only two Bell states. The other is for d-level (d > 2) systems, in which higher security and higher source capacity are achieved. Using the theory of quadratic residue, we prove that in the two-qudit systems, each Bell state is a uniform superposition of all basis states in the dual basis, which is different to the situation in two-qubit systems. This difference means our two-level protocol cannot be generalized to the d-level situation directly. On the other hand, it results in higher security of our d-level protocol and is instructive to design quantum cryptography protocols.

scholarly journals Connecting heterogeneous quantum networks by hybrid entanglement swapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. eaba4508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Guccione ◽  
Tom Darras ◽  
Hanna Le Jeannic ◽  
Varun B. Verma ◽  
Sae Woo Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Entangled States ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Quantum Networks ◽  
Modular Systems ◽  
State Measurement ◽  
Future Networks ◽  
Different Types

Recent advances in quantum technologies are rapidly stimulating the building of quantum networks. With the parallel development of multiple physical platforms and different types of encodings, a challenge for present and future networks is to uphold a heterogeneous structure for full functionality and therefore support modular systems that are not necessarily compatible with one another. Central to this endeavor is the capability to distribute and interconnect optical entangled states relying on different discrete and continuous quantum variables. Here, we report an entanglement swapping protocol connecting such entangled states. We generate single-photon entanglement and hybrid entanglement between particle- and wave-like optical qubits and then demonstrate the heralded creation of hybrid entanglement at a distance by using a specific Bell-state measurement. This ability opens up the prospect of connecting heterogeneous nodes of a network, with the promise of increased integration and novel functionalities.

Cryptanalysis and improvement of the robust quantum dialogue protocols based on the entanglement swapping between any two logical Bell states and the shared auxiliary logical Bell state

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (29) ◽  
pp. 1950241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Liu ◽  
Hanwu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Information Leakage ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Quantum Dialogue ◽  
Collective Rotation ◽  
Collective Rotation Noise ◽  
Quantum Communication Protocol

As we know, it does not allow that a secure quantum communication protocol has the information leakage problem. Unfortunately, we find that there is the information leakage problem in the two quantum dialogue (QD) protocols which are respectively based on entanglement swapping between two logical Bell states under the collective-dephasing noise and the collective-rotation noise. To mend this loophole, they are masterly improved. It is proven that the improved QD protocols are without information leakage problem. Incidentally, they have some other obvious advantages compared to the previous ones.

scholarly journals Hybrid Entanglement between Optical Discrete Polarizations and Continuous Quadrature Variables

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Jianming Wen ◽  
Irina Novikova ◽  
Chen Qian ◽  
Chuanwei Zhang ◽  
Shengwang Du
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Quantum Networks ◽  
Bell State Measurement ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
State Measurement

By coherently combining advantages while largely avoiding limitations of two mainstream platforms, optical hybrid entanglement involving both discrete and continuous variables has recently garnered widespread attention and emerged as a promising idea for building heterogenous quantum networks. In contrast to previous results, here we propose a new scheme to remotely generate hybrid entanglement between discrete polarization and continuous quadrature optical qubits heralded by two-photon Bell-state measurement. As a novel nonclassical light resource, we further use it to discuss two examples of ways—entanglement swapping and quantum teleportation—in which quantum information processing and communications could make use of this hybrid technique.

scholarly journals Demonstrating the power of quantum computers, certification of highly entangled measurements and scalable quantum nonlocality

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Bäumer ◽  
Nicolas Gisin ◽  
Armin Tavakoli
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computer ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Bell State ◽  
Bell Inequalities ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Quantum Nonlocality ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Quantum Phenomena

AbstractIncreasingly sophisticated quantum computers motivate the exploration of their abilities in certifying genuine quantum phenomena. Here, we demonstrate the power of state-of-the-art IBM quantum computers in correlation experiments inspired by quantum networks. Our experiments feature up to 12 qubits and require the implementation of paradigmatic Bell-State Measurements for scalable entanglement-swapping. First, we demonstrate quantum correlations that defy classical models in up to nine-qubit systems while only assuming that the quantum computer operates on qubits. Harvesting these quantum advantages, we are able to certify 82 basis elements as entangled in a 512-outcome measurement. Then, we relax the qubit assumption and consider quantum nonlocality in a scenario with multiple independent entangled states arranged in a star configuration. We report quantum violations of source-independent Bell inequalities for up to ten qubits. Our results demonstrate the ability of quantum computers to outperform classical limitations and certify scalable entangled measurements.

Multiple pulse-mode Bell states heralded via entanglement swapping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiane Merkouche ◽  
Valerian Thiel ◽  
Alex O.C. Davis ◽  
Brian J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Entanglement Swapping ◽  
Pulse Mode ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Multiple Pulse
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