scholarly journals Properties and Colorimetric Performance of Screen-Printed Thermochromic/UV-Visible Fluorescent Hybrid Ink Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11414
Author(s):  
Tamara Tomašegović ◽  
Sanja Mahović Poljaček ◽  
Maja Strižić Jakovljević ◽  
Ana Marošević Dolovski
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Thermochromic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Special Effect ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Paper Substrates

In the present research, properties and performance of special effect printing inks were observed with the aim of obtaining a printed product with dual functional properties. Thermochromic liquid crystal-based printing ink (TLC) and UV-visible (daylight invisible) fluorescent inks (UVF), pure and as hybrid ink systems, were printed using a screen-printing technique on two types of uncoated paper substrates. Characterization of the paper substrates was performed, as well as detailed analysis of printed layers. Thickness, surface roughness, surface free energy, and adhesion parameters of printed layers were analysed. Spectral reflectance of pure UVF and TLC printing inks, as well as the spectral reflectance of the proposed hybrid ink systems were measured. The thermochromic effect of the TLC ink and hybrid systems was analysed. Microscopy was used to display the visual colour play effect and the effect of the fluorescence. Results of the measurements showed high compatibility of used materials in the proposed hybrid ink systems. Since the effect of luminescence and the colour play effect in the hybrid systems were preserved, it can be concluded that TLC/UVF hybrid ink systems can find their application in the development of functional packaging and in all other applications with special requirements for temperature monitoring and hidden information for different products.

Cationic (Basic) dye complex pigments

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Christie ◽  
Adrian Abel
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Organic Pigments ◽  
Basic Dye ◽  
Copper Ferrocyanide ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Good Transparency ◽  
Printing Ink

Abstract Cationic (or basic) dye complex pigments are classical organic pigments obtained from water-soluble cationic dyes for textiles, mainly of triarylmethine (arylcarbonium ion) types, which are precipitated using large inorganic counterions, especially those derived from heteropolyacids such as phosphotungstomolybdic acid or, to a certain extent, using the counteranion derived from copper ferrocyanide. This range of pigments includes red, violet, blue and green products, offering brilliant shades, high color strength and good transparency. They are well suited to printing ink applications, although they provide only moderate levels of fastness properties. The pigments are synthesized by treating aqueous solutions of the dyes under highly controlled conditions with solutions of the heteropolyacids, prepared in situ. The copper ferrocyanide salts are obtained by treatment of potassium ferrocyanide with sodium sulfite in water, and subsequently with solutions of the cationic dye and copper (II) sulfate. The pigments are primarily used in inks for packaging and advertising materials. However, they have little use outside printing inks. Reflex or alkali blue pigments are structurally related cationic dye derivatives which are inner salts of the dye structures and are also used in printing inks.

Spectroscopic evaluation of the colour play effect of thermochromic liquid crystal printing inks

2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Jakovljević ◽  
Branka Lozo ◽  
Marta Klanjšek Gunde
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Thermochromic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Printing Inks

Compared Thermal Modeling of Anode- and Electrolyte-Supported SOFC-Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrazzak Akroot ◽  
Lutfu Namli ◽  
Hasan Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
System Model ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
System Operation ◽  
And Performance

Abstract In this study, two solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid systems (anode-supported model (ASM) and electrolyte-supported model (ESM)) is developed in matlab® and compared. The hybrid system model is considered to investigate the impacts of various operating parameters such as SOFC operating temperature and steam/carbon ratio on power production and performance of the hybrid system where it is projected that results can be utilized as guidelines for optimal hybrid system operation. According to the findings, a maximum 695 kW power is produced at 750 °C operating temperature for the anode-supported model, whereas 627 kW power is produced at 1000 °C for the electrolyte-supported model. The highest electrical efficiencies for the anode-supported model and the electrolyte-supported model are 64.6% and 58.3%, respectively. Besides, the lower value of the steam to carbon ratio is favorable for increased power output from the fuel cell and consequently a high SOFC efficiency.

A Hybrid System Composed of Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Dumitrescu Mihaela
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than

Neural networks are known for their ability to recognize patterns of noisy, complex data and to estimate a nonlinear relationship between them. But the design of neural networks is very complex because it works on the principle of “black box.” The application of genetic algorithms in neural networks with hybrid systems can improve a network’s ability to make predictions. Hybrid systems involve the use of combined techniques, issues and different models in order to achieve the overall performance better than those offered by each solution considered separately. Projections made by hybrid systems have smaller errors and constructed systems are able to automatically select the variables necessary to function effectively. This is possible due to the principle of selective biological function of genetic algorithms. They select from a large population of neural networks the best generations, made their exchange of elements and even mutations to get the most advanced networks. For an evolving and performance changes economic environment are necessary tools that can help make faster optimal decisions and increase the business efficiency.

Colorants in printing applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Rathschlag
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Letterpress Printing ◽  
Flexographic Printing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Printing Ink

Abstract This review article is a summary of the current knowledge in the field of colorants in printing applications. Printing inks belong as well as paints, coatings, plastics, and cosmetic formulations to the most important application systems for colorants, both for pigments and dyes. Colorants have to meet increasing demands in printing applications due to the considerable number of printing methods and consequently of a large number of specific printing formulations. Crucial factors besides the specific properties of a certain printing ink are the processing method and the required quality of the final printed product. Amongst the most important printing methods are letterpress printing, offset printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, screen printing, and digital printing. Different processing methods are used for coloring of the individual printing inks. The coloring processes need to be coordinated in accordance with the steps of the printing processes leading to the final product.

Preparation and Performance of Dual‐functional Magnetic Phase‐change Microcapsules

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Furong Li ◽  
Zhicheng Sun ◽  
Shouzheng Jiao ◽  
Yutong Ma ◽  
Qingqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Magnetic Phase ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Pepper Plants Leaf Spectral Reflectance Changes as a Result of Root Rot Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 980
Author(s):  
Shahar Weksler ◽  
Offer Rozenstein ◽  
Nadav Haish ◽  
Menachem Moshelion ◽  
Rony Wallach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Leaf Spectral Reflectance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Root Stress ◽  
Pepper Plants

Symptoms of root stress are hard to detect using non-invasive tools. This study reveals proof of concept for vegetation indices’ ability, usually used to sense canopy status, to detect root stress, and performance status. Pepper plants were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions under different potassium and salinity treatments. The plants’ spectral reflectance was measured on the last day of the experiment when more than half of the plants were already naturally infected by root disease. Vegetation indices were calculated for testing the capability to distinguish between healthy and root-damaged plants using spectral measurements. While no visible symptoms were observed in the leaves, the vegetation indices and red-edge position showed clear differences between the healthy and the root-infected plants. These results were achieved after a growth period of 32 days, indicating the ability to monitor root damage at an early growing stage using leaf spectral reflectance.

Design of eutectic photoinitiator blends for UV/visible curable acrylated printing inks and coatings

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Segurola ◽  
Norman S Allen ◽  
Michele Edge ◽  
Adam Mc Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Printing Inks ◽  
Uv Visible
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