scholarly journals Pepper Plants Leaf Spectral Reflectance Changes as a Result of Root Rot Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 980
Author(s):  
Shahar Weksler ◽  
Offer Rozenstein ◽  
Nadav Haish ◽  
Menachem Moshelion ◽  
Rony Wallach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Leaf Spectral Reflectance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Root Stress ◽  
Pepper Plants

Symptoms of root stress are hard to detect using non-invasive tools. This study reveals proof of concept for vegetation indices’ ability, usually used to sense canopy status, to detect root stress, and performance status. Pepper plants were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions under different potassium and salinity treatments. The plants’ spectral reflectance was measured on the last day of the experiment when more than half of the plants were already naturally infected by root disease. Vegetation indices were calculated for testing the capability to distinguish between healthy and root-damaged plants using spectral measurements. While no visible symptoms were observed in the leaves, the vegetation indices and red-edge position showed clear differences between the healthy and the root-infected plants. These results were achieved after a growth period of 32 days, indicating the ability to monitor root damage at an early growing stage using leaf spectral reflectance.

Terminal care in respiratory illness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alys Scadding
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Cor Pulmonale ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oxygen Requirements

The terminal phase is the period of time between living with a reasonable quality of life, and the process of dying. While lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis have the potential to deteriorate rapidly, the majority of lung diseases worsen over years. Every exacerbation of the condition leads to a decline in both lung function and performance status, and often the pre-exacerbation level of functioning is never regained. There is not a defining point to indicate whether a patient is entering the terminal stages of their illness, but practice shows that the following signs are suggestive: increasing breathlessness and thus becoming increasingly housebound; increasing oxygen requirements; declining pulmonary function test results; increasingly frequent exacerbations requiring hospital admission and/or non-invasive ventilation; developing cor pulmonale; weight loss and difficulty maintaining weight; anxiety and depression; if the death of the patient within the next year would not be a surprise.

Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT) for industrial and medical applications-An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2897-2908
Author(s):  
Mohammed S.Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Image Reconstruction Techniques ◽  
Phase Dynamics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Optimization And Performance

Tomography is a non-invasive, non-intrusive imaging technique allowing the visualization of phase dynamics in industrial and biological processes. This article reviews progress in Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT). ECVT is a direct 3D visualizing technique, unlike three-dimensional imaging, which is based on stacking 2D images to obtain an interpolated 3D image. ECVT has recently matured for real time, non-invasive 3-D monitoring of processes involving materials with strong contrast in dielectric permittivity. In this article, ECVT sensor design, optimization and performance of various sensors seen in literature are summarized. Qualitative Analysis of ECVT image reconstruction techniques has also been presented.

scholarly journals Modeling of Durum Wheat Yield Based on Sentinel-2 Imagery

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1486
Author(s):  
Chris Cavalaris ◽  
Sofia Megoudi ◽  
Maria Maxouri ◽  
Konstantinos Anatolitis ◽  
Marios Sifakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
Sentinel 2

In this study, a modelling approach for the estimation/prediction of wheat yield based on Sentinel-2 data is presented. Model development was accomplished through a two-step process: firstly, the capacity of Sentinel-2 vegetation indices (VIs) to follow plant ecophysiological parameters was established through measurements in a pilot field and secondly, the results of the first step were extended/evaluated in 31 fields, during two growing periods, to increase the applicability range and robustness of the models. Modelling results were examined against yield data collected by a combine harvester equipped with a yield-monitoring system. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were examined as plant signals and combined with Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and/or Normalized Multiband Drought Index (NMDI) during the growth period or before sowing, as water and soil signals, respectively. The best performing model involved the EVI integral for the 20 April–31 May period as a plant signal and NMDI on 29 April and before sowing as water and soil signals, respectively (R2 = 0.629, RMSE = 538). However, model versions with a single date and maximum seasonal VIs values as a plant signal, performed almost equally well. Since the maximum seasonal VIs values occurred during the last ten days of April, these model versions are suitable for yield prediction.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of blood-based fibrosis biomarkers in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy and bevacizumab

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neel I. Nissen ◽  
Stephanie Kehlet ◽  
Mogens K. Boisen ◽  
Maria Liljefors ◽  
Christina Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Collagen Type Iii ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
And Performance

AbstractA desmoplastic colorectal cancer stroma, characterized by excess turnover of the cancer-associated fibroblast derived collagens type III and VI, can lead to reduced drug-uptake and poor treatment response. We investigated the association between biomarkers of collagen type III and VI and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Serum samples were collected from 252 patients with mCRC prior to treatment with bevacizumab and chemotherapy. Serum concentrations of biomarkers reflecting formation of collagen type III (PRO-C3) and VI (PRO-C6) and degradation of collagen type VI (C6M and C6Mα3) were determined by ELISA. The biomarkers were evaluated for associations with OS, individually, combined, and after adjusting for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and performance status (PS). High baseline levels (> median) of each collagen biomarker were significantly associated with shorter OS (PRO-C3: HR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.54–2.63; PRO-C6: HR = 1.6, 95%CI = 1.24–2.11; C6M: HR = 1.4, 95%CI = 1.05–1.78; C6Mα3: HR = 1.6, 95%CI = 1.16–2.07). PRO-C3 and PRO-C6 remained significant after adjustment for CEA, LDH and PS. Weak correlations were seen between the collagen biomarkers (r = 0.03–0.59) and combining all improved prognostic capacity (HR = 3.6, 95%CI = 2.30–5.76). Collagen biomarkers were predictive of shorter OS in patients with mCRC. This supports that collagen- and CAF biology is important in CRC.

27‐2: Invited Paper: Soluble Small Molecules in Top Emission OLED Devices from Ink Jet Printing: Requirements and Performance Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-393
Author(s):  
Sebastian Meyer ◽  
Sebastian Stolz ◽  
Manuel Hamburger ◽  
Hsin-Rong Tseng ◽  
Miriam Engel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Evaluating Hybrid Bermudagrass Using Spectral Reflectance under Different Mowing Heights and Trinexapac-ethyl Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Sullivan ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Alexander R. Kowalewski ◽  
Jason B. Peake ◽  
William F. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Fiber Analysis ◽  
Green Cover ◽  
Aesthetic Performance

Quantitative spectral reflectance data have the potential to improve the evaluation of turfgrasses in variety trials when management practices are factors in the testing of turf aesthetics and functionality. However, the practical application of this methodology has not been well developed. The objectives of this research were 1) to establish a relationship between spectral reflectance and turfgrass quality (TQ) and percent green cover (PGC) using selected reference plots; 2) to compare aesthetic performance (TQ, PGC, and vegetation indices) and functional performance (surface firmness); and 3) to evaluate lignin content as an alternate means to predict surface firmness in turfgrass variety trials of hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis]. A field study was conducted on mature stands of three varieties (‘TifTuf’, ‘TifSport’, and ‘Tifway’) and two experimental lines (04-47 and 04-76) at two mowing heights (0.5 and 1.5 inch) and trinexapac-ethyl application (0.15 kg·ha−1 and nontreated control) treatments. Aesthetic performance was estimated by vegetation indices, spectral reflectance, visual TQ, and PGC. The functional performance of each variety/line was measured through surface firmness and fiber analysis. Regression analyses were similar when using only reference plots or all the plots to determine the relationship between individual aesthetic characteristics. Experimental line 04-47 had lower density in Apr. 2010, whereas varieties ‘TifTuf’, ‘TifSport’, and ‘Tifway’ were in the top statistical group for aesthetic performance when differences were found. ‘TifSport’ and ‘Tifway’ produced the firmest surfaces, followed by ‘TifTuf’, and finally 04-76 and 04-47, which provided the least firm surface. Results of leaf fiber analysis were not correlated with turf surface firmness. This study indicates that incorporating quantitative measures of spectral reflectance could reduce time and improve precision of data collection as long as reference plots with adequate range of green cover are present in the trials.

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