scholarly journals The Limitations on the Use of the IMO CSS Code in Project Cargo—Case Study: Grillage Design for the Sea Transport of Gas Slug Catchers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
José Manuel Pérez-Canosa ◽  
Santiago Iglesias-Baniela ◽  
Alsira Salgado-Don
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
International Maritime Organization ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Innovative Project ◽  
Footprint Area ◽  
Safe Condition ◽  
Destination Port

Heavy cargo units with a relatively reduced footprint area require a support surface large enough to transfer the forces onto the largest possible surface and/or the main stiffening (longitudinal and transverse) in order to not collapse or overstress the ship’s structure and, consequently, put the ship, the cargo, and the crew at risk. For that reason, it is necessary to project stowage and securing systems (including bedding design) to ensure that, by applying the principles of good seamanship and securing practices, the shipment is maintained in a safe condition throughout the trip until destination port arrival. Despite the increase in project cargo shipments in recent years, in many cases, International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations are followed by default. The main purpose of this paper, thus, is to highlight certain shipments for which IMO guidelines should be taken into account in future revisions. This is done through what was considered innovative project cargo on a particular ship due to its special characteristics. To this end, because of limitations found in the IMO CSS Code regarding acceleration and force calculations, it was necessary to resort to the internationally accepted guidelines of one of the strictest classification societies.

Case study and event analysis for mitigation of unpredictable volcanic hazard

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Ohba
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Volcanic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Risk Communities

Volcanology is an extremely important scientific discipline. Shedding light on how and why volcanoes erupt, how eruptions can be predicted and their impact on humans and the environment is crucial to public safety, economies and businesses. Understanding volcanoes means eruptions can be anticipated and at-risk communities can be forewarned, enabling them to implement mitigation measures. Professor Tsukasa Ohba is a scientist based at the Graduate School of International Resource Studies, Akita University, Japan, and specialises in volcanology and petrology. Ohba and his team are focusing on volcanic phenomena including: phreatic eruptions (a steam-driven eruption driven by the heat from magma interacting with water); lahar (volcanic mudflow); and monogenetic basalt eruptions (which consist of a group of small monogenetic volcanoes, each of which erupts only once). The researchers are working to understand the mechanisms of these phenomena using Petrology. Petrology is one of the traditional methods in volcanology but has not been applied to disastrous eruptions before. The teams research will contribute to volcanic hazard mitigation.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Two Major Approaches for Mapping the Wildland-Urban Interface: A Case Study in California

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Avi Bar-Massada
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Practical Purpose ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Spatial Accuracy ◽  
Wildland Urban Interface ◽  
Spatial Correspondence ◽  
Data Requirements

The Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) is where human settlements border or intermingle with undeveloped land, often with multiple detrimental consequences. Therefore, mapping the WUI is required in order to identify areas-at-risk. There are two main WUI mapping methods, the point-based approach and the zonal approach. Both differ in data requirements and may produce considerably different maps, yet they were never compared before. My objective was to systematically compare the point-based and the zonal-based WUI maps of California, and to test the efficacy of a new database of building locations in the context of WUI mapping. I assessed the spatial accuracy of the building database, and then compared the spatial patterns of WUI maps by estimating the effect of multiple ancillary variables on the amount of agreement between maps. I found that the building database is highly accurate and is suitable for WUI mapping. The point-based approach estimated a consistently larger WUI area across California compared to the zonal approach. The spatial correspondence between maps was low-to-moderate, and was significantly affected by building numbers and by their spatial arrangement. The discrepancy between WUI maps suggests that they are not directly comparable within and across landscapes, and that each WUI map should serve a distinct practical purpose.

scholarly journals The most places at risk surrounding the COVID-19 treatment hospitals in an urban environment- case study: Tehran city

2021 ◽  
pp. 105725
Author(s):  
Najmeh Neysani Samany ◽  
Ara Toomanian ◽  
Ali Maher ◽  
Khatereh Hanani ◽  
Ali Reza Zali
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Urban Environment

Negotiating the boundaries between the formal and the informal: An experienced teacher's reflective adaptations of informal learning in a keyboard class for at-risk students

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Costes-Onishi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Experienced Teachers ◽  
Formal And Informal Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches

The objective of this study is to address the important questions raised in literature on the intersections between formal and informal learning. Specifically, this will be discussed within the concept of ‘productive dissonance’ and the pedagogical tensions that arise in the effort of experienced teachers to transition from the formal to the informal. This case study discusses the issues that ensue when strict demarcations between formal and informal are perceived, and demonstrates that the former is vital to the facilitation of the latter. The blurring of formal and informal pedagogical approaches has shown that the concept of ‘critical musicality’ becomes more apparent in student learning and that engagement increases especially among at-risk students.

scholarly journals Next generation Open Access analytics: A case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tim Lloyd ◽  
Sara Rouhi
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Innovative Project ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
External Stakeholders

A critical component in the development of sustainable funding models for Open Access (OA) is the ability to communicate impact in ways that are meaningful to a diverse range of internal and external stakeholders, including institutional partners, funders, and authors. While traditional paywall publishers can take advantage of industry standard COUNTER reports to communicate usage to subscribing libraries, no similar standard exists for OA content. Instead, many organizations are stuck with proxy metrics like sessions and page views that struggle to discriminate between robotic access and genuine engagement. This paper presents the results of an innovative project that builds on existing COUNTER metrics to develop more flexible reporting. Reporting goals include surfacing third party engagement with OA content, the use of graphical report formats to improve accessibility, the ability to assemble custom data dashboards, and configurations that support the variant needs of diverse stakeholders. We’ll be sharing our understanding of who the stakeholders are, their differing needs for analytics, feedback on the reports shared, lessons learned, and areas for future research in this evolving area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Students’ Benefits Resulting from their Participation in an Innovative Project: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol XXIV (Special Issue 4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Joanna Kurowska-Pysz ◽  
Michał Szyszka
Keyword(s):  
Innovative Project

scholarly journals Urban Nature and Public Health: How Nature Exposure and Sociocultural Background Relate to Depression Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9689
Author(s):  
Kristen Jakstis ◽  
Leonie K. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Urban Nature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Sociocultural Background ◽  
Exposure Metrics

As the world’s population becomes more urbanized, there is an associated decrease in nature exposure and a rise in noncommunicable diseases, including depression. Previous cross-sectional studies examining urban nature exposure and depression have reported favorable associations. However, many of these studies rely primarily on nature exposure metrics that measure the intensity of nature exposure, while other dimensions of urban nature exposure remain understudied. Therefore, in a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based case study targeting a general urban population (n = 282), we examined the relationship between two less commonly studied urban nature exposure variables (i.e., gardening behavior and greenspace visit frequency) and depression risk while also considering sociocultural background (multivariate logistic regression model). Results indicated that being a gardener was significantly associated with a reduced odds of being at risk of depression and that having a family migration history, but not a self-migration history, was associated with increased odds of being at risk of depression. In the examination of neighborhood socialization frequency and depression risk, we did not determine any significant association. The results of this study, therefore, highlight the importance of considering both people’s sociocultural backgrounds and urban nature exposure in more detail to help plan for and support healthier cities in the future.

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