scholarly journals Investigations of Museum Indoor Microclimate and Air Quality. Case Study from Romania

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Dorina Camelia Ilieș ◽  
Florin Marcu ◽  
Tudor Caciora ◽  
Liliana Indrie ◽  
Alexandru Ilieș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Museum Exhibits ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

Poor air quality inside museums is one of the main causes influencing the state of conservation of exhibits. Even if they are mostly placed in a controlled environment because of their construction materials, the exhibits can be very vulnerable to the influence of the internal microclimate. As a consequence, museum exhibits must be protected from potential negative effects. In order to prevent and stop the process of damage of the exhibits, monitoring the main parameters of the microclimate (especially temperature, humidity, and brightness) and keeping them in strict values is extremely important. The present study refers to the investigations and analysis of air quality inside a museum, located in a heritage building, from Romania. The paper focuses on monitoring and analysing temperature of air and walls, relative humidity (RH), CO2, brightness and particulate matters (PM), formaldehyde (HCHO), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). The monitoring was carried out in the Summer–Autumn 2020 Campaign, in two different exhibition areas (first floor and basement) and the main warehouse where the exhibits are kept and restored. The analyses aimed both at highlighting the hazard induced by the poor air quality inside the museum that the exhibits face. The results show that this environment is potentially harmful to both exposed items and people. Therefore, the number of days in which the ideal conditions in terms of temperature and RH are met are quite few, the concentration of suspended particles, formaldehyde, and total volatile organic compounds often exceed the limit allowed by the international standards in force. The results represent the basis for the development and implementation of strategies for long-term conservation of exhibits and to ensure a clean environment for employees, restorers, and visitors.

scholarly journals Air pollution inside public transport vehicles of Kathmandu Valley

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Dhital ◽  
W.T. Hung ◽  
R.M. Byanju
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

Owing to widespread road widening activities and the growing vehicular traffic, air quality of Kathmandu Valley has been a matter of grave concern. In this study, we monitored air quality inside public vehicles of Kathmandu Valley which would help assess the exposure of public transport users to air pollution. Problem of particulate pollution, especially PM10, was found severe inside the buses. Carbon monoxide and total volatile organic compounds were mostly within acceptable levels but benzene exceeded guidelines in few samples. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) were dominant among all detected volatile organic compounds. There was high degree of correlation among BTEX. Similarly, significant correlation was found between carbon monoxide and total volatile organic compounds. PM10 and PM2.5 were also significantly correlated suggesting common source of emission. Gaseous pollutants had significant negative correlation with traffic speed suggesting that traffic congestion (responsible for low traffic speed and high traffic density) is causing higher emission.

scholarly journals Effects of Night Ventilation on Indoor Air Quality in Educational Buildings—A Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4056
Author(s):  
Sami Lestinen ◽  
Simo Kilpeläinen ◽  
Risto Kosonen ◽  
Maria Valkonen ◽  
Juha Jokisalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Night Ventilation

Night ventilation methods have been used in educational buildings to guarantee indoor air quality at the beginning of occupied periods. A typical method has been to pre-start ventilation 2 h before the space usage. Another selection has been to ventilate a building continuously during the night with a minimum airflow rate that can dilute material emissions. In this study, the pre-started, continuous, and intermittent ventilation methods were compared by assessing indoor air quality in field measurements. The daytime ventilation was operating normally. The test periods lasted for 2 weeks. Indoor air quality was assessed by measuring the total volatile organic compounds and microbial concentrations using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Additionally, the thermal conditions, carbon dioxide, and pressure differences over the building envelope were measured. The results show that the night ventilation strategy had negligible effects on microbial concentrations. In most cases, the indoor air microbial concentrations were only a few percent of those found outdoors. The averaged concentration of total volatile organic compounds was at the same level with all the night ventilation methods at the beginning of the occupied periods in the mornings. The concentrations reached a minimum level after 2-h ventilation. The concentrations of total volatile organic compounds were higher during the day than at night. This reveals that space usage had the largest effect on the total volatile organic compounds. Generally, the results show that continuous night ventilation does not significantly affect the biological and chemical contaminants. Consequently, a 2-h flushing period is long enough to freshen indoor air before occupancy.

Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) in Indoor Air Quality Investigations*

Indoor Air ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Molhave ◽  
G. Clausen ◽  
B. Berglund ◽  
J. Ceaurriz ◽  
A. Kettrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

scholarly journals A Review on Catalytic Nanomaterials for Volatile Organic Compounds VOC Removal and Their Applications for Healthy Buildings

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok Wei Shah ◽  
Wenxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Voc Removal ◽  
Metallic Oxides ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In order to improve the indoor air quality, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be removed via an efficient approach by using catalysts. This review proposed a comprehensive summary of various nanomaterials for thermal/photo-catalytic removal of VOCs. These representative materials are mainly categorized as carbon-based and metallic oxides materials, and their morphologies, synthesis techniques, and performances have been explained in detail. To improve the indoor and outdoor air quality, the catalytic nanomaterials can be utilized for emerging building applications such as VOC-reduction coatings, paints, air filters, and construction materials. Due to the characteristics of low cost, non-toxic and high chemical stability, metallic oxides such as TiO2 and ZnO have been widely investigated for decades and dominate the application market of VOC-removal catalyst in buildings. Since other catalysts also showed brilliant performance and have been theoretically researched, they can be potential candidates for applications in future healthy buildings. This review will contribute to further knowledge and greater potential applications of promising VOC-reducing catalytic nanomaterials on healthier buildings for a better indoor and outdoor environment well-being.

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