scholarly journals Serum Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) Level as a Potential Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doungdean Tummanatsakun ◽  
Tanakorn Proungvitaya ◽  
Sittiruk Roytrakul ◽  
Temduang Limpaiboon ◽  
Sopit Wongkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Peptide ◽  
Transmembrane Helix ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cleavage Sites ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Peptide Cleavage ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Predicted Signal Peptide ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Dot Blot Analysis

Diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still insufficient with poor prognosis of patients. To discover a new CCA biomarker, we constructed our secretome database of three CCA cell lines and one control cholangiocyte cell line using GeLC-MS/MS. We selected candidate proteins by five bioinformatics tools for secretome analysis. The inclusion criteria were as follows: having predicted signal peptide or being predicted as non-classically secreted protein; together with having no transmembrane helix and being previously detected in plasma and having the highest number of signal peptide cleavage sites. Eventually, apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) was selected for further analysis. To validate APEX1 as a bio-marker for CCA, serum APEX1 levels of 80, 39, and 40 samples collected from CCA, benign biliary diseases (BBD), and healthy control groups, respectively, were measured using dot blot analysis. The results showed that serum APEX1 level in CCA group was significantly higher than that in BBD or healthy control group. Among CCA patients, serum APEX1 level was significantly higher in patients having metastasis than in those without metastasis. The higher level of serum APEX1 was correlated with the shorter survival time of the patients. Serum APEX1 level might be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CCA.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a potential biomarker for pulmonary thromboembolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Songul Ozyurt ◽  
Mevlut Karatas ◽  
Medeni Arpa ◽  
Bilge Yilmaz Kara ◽  
Hakan Duman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Objective Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a clinical condition that can be lethal unless promptly diagnosed and treated. The objective was to evaluate the significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the diagnosis of PTE. Materials and methods In this study, 60 patients hospitalized for acute PTE between May 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. PTE was diagnosed using spiral computed tomography angiography of the thorax. Cardiac enzyme levels, arterial blood gas, and echocardiography measurements were performed. Whole blood samples were drawn to measure serum NGAL before treatment. Results The PTE group comprised 34 women and 26 men, and the healthy control group included 22 women and 18 men. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 70.3 ± 14.4 years and 69.0 ± 10.2 years, respectively. Serum NGAL was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (88.6 ± 33.6 vs. 31.7 ± 10.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001, respectively). The optimal NGAL cut-off value was >50 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 98.3%, the negative predictive value was 100%, and the positive predictive value was 68%. Conclusion Serum NGAL is a new biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity to detect, diagnose, and exclude PTE.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Variability as Potential Biomarker of Neurogenic Lesion Degree in Children with Spina Bifida

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Zoran Golubovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Neurogenic Lesions

Aims. In this study we analyzed the degree of genetic homozygosity among spina bifida patients with different degrees of neurogenic lesion (N = 82), as well as their clinical and neurological characteristics, compared to healthy control individuals (N = 100). Methods. According to clinical and electromyographic findings, we separately assessed the type of neurogenic lesion (paresis or paralysis). Regarding the degree of neurogenic lesion, patients were classified into three groups: mild, moderate and severe. We analyzed six muscles. For assessing the degree of individual genetic homozygosity, we tested the presence and distribution of 15 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). Results. The predominant type of neurogenic lesion was paresis. Every third evaluated muscle was affected in the group with mild neurogenic lesion, while more than half were affected in the group with severe neurogenic lesion. The average values of HRCs among different groups of patients and the control showed the population-genetic differences that exist among them (control x ¯ HRC/15 = 3.0 ± 0.2; mild x ¯ HRC/15 = 3.6 ± 0.2; moderate x ¯ HRC/15 = 4.8 ± 0.3; severe neurogenic lesion x ¯ HRC/15 = 5.0 ± 0.3). Conclusions. Spina bifida patients have a significant increase of recessive homozygosity and a decreased variability compared to the control group. As neurogenic lesions are more severe, more affected muscles are present, as well as the increase of individual recessive homozygosity.

Prediction of Signal Peptide Cleavage Sites with Subsite-Coupled and Template Matching Fusion Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Wu Zhang ◽  
Ting-He Zhang ◽  
Jun-Nan Zhang ◽  
Yufei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Signal Peptide ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Cleavage Sites ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Peptide Cleavage

scholarly journals Differential Responsiveness of the Platelet Biomarkers, Systemic CD40 Ligand, CD62P, and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB, to Virally-Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Steel ◽  
W. D. Francois Venter ◽  
Annette J. Theron ◽  
Ronald Anderson ◽  
Charles Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Suppressive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control

Systemic biomarkers of inflammation, including cytokines and chemokines, are potentially useful in the management of both HIV infection and non-AIDS-defining disorders. However, relatively little is known about the utility of measurement of circulating biomarkers of platelet activation as a strategy to monitor the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), as well as the persistence of systemic inflammation following virally-suppressive therapy in HIV-infected persons. These issues have been addressed in the current study to which a cohort consisting of 199 HIV-infected participants was recruited, 100 of whom were cART-naïve and the remainder cART-treated and virally-suppressed. Fifteen healthy control participants were included for comparison. The study focused on the effects of cART on the responsiveness of three biomarkers of platelet activation, specifically soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), sCD62P (P-selectin), and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), measured using multiplex suspension bead array technology. Most prominently sCD40L in particular, as well as sCD62P, were significantly elevated in the cART-naïve group relative to both the cART-treated and healthy control groups. However, levels of PDGF-BB were of comparable magnitude in both the cART-naïve and –treated groups, and significantly higher than those of the control group. Although remaining somewhat higher in the virally-suppressed group relative to healthy control participants, these findings identify sCD40L, in particular, as a potential biomarker of successful cART, while PDGF-BB may be indicative of persistent low-level antigenemia.

scholarly journals Sputum procalcitonin – a potential biomarker in stable bronchiectasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 00285-2021
Author(s):  
William Good ◽  
Gene Jeon ◽  
Irene Zeng ◽  
Louanne Storey ◽  
Helen Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Procalcitonin Level ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction/AimSputum procalcitonin has been demonstrated to be elevated in exacerbations of bronchiectasis. The primary aim was to investigate whether sputum procalcitonin levels were higher in patients with stable bronchiectasis compared with healthy-controls. We also assessed differences in procalcitonin levels in spontaneously expectorated and induced sputum samples and their repeatability one week later.MethodsParticipants included were aged over 18 years and had either radiologically confirmed bronchiectasis or were healthy-controls. Patients with bronchiectasis were clinically stable for at least six weeks and had both spontaneous and induced sputum collected at visit one and again, seven days later. Only induced sputum samples were collected from healthy-controls during visit one. Sputum procalcitonin concentrations in sputum were measured.ResultsThirty patients with bronchiectasis and 15 healthy-controls were enrolled in this observational study. In the pooled data from visit 1 and 2, the geometric mean procalcitonin level in induced sputum was significantly higher in the bronchiectasis group than in the healthy-control group (1.5 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 1.0–2.1] versus 0.4 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 0.2–0.9], mean ratio: 3.6 [95% CI 1.5–8.6], p=0.006). Mean procalcitonin level was higher in spontaneous sputum than in induced sputum at visit 1 (1.8 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 1.2–2.7] versus 1.1 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 0.7–1.8]) and visit 2 (1.5 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 1.0–2.5] versus 1.2 ng·mL−1 [95%CI 0.8–1.6], p-value=0.001). Repeating spontaneous and induced sputum procalcitonin levels one week later produced similar concentrations (p-value=0.29; intraclass correlation co-efficient (ICC)=0.76 and p-value=0.72; ICC=0.70 respectively).ConclusionSputum procalcitonin is increased in patients with stable bronchiectasis and has potential as a biomarker of airway inflammation and infection in bronchiectasis.

Elevated Serum Ras Levels in Patients with LGL Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4457-4457
Author(s):  
Erin M. Nelli ◽  
Thomas P. Loughran ◽  
Kim Leitzel ◽  
Suhail M. Ali ◽  
Lawrence Demers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ras Signaling ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Lgl Leukemia ◽  
Non Parametric

Abstract Background: Ras is a GDP/GTP binding G protein that acts as a molecular switch converting signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and protein synthesis. Activation of ras oncogenes has been identified in a variety of cancers, including 30% of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia is a clonal T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with chronic neutropenia, anemia, or autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum ras levels in patients with LGL leukemia. Methods: A novel ras p21 ELISA (Oncogene Science/Bayer HealthCare) employing two monoclonal antibodies was utilized to quantify ras levels in baseline serum obtained from 32 patients with LGL leukemia. A control group of 48 healthy subjects was also used to establish a cutoff for the upper limit of normal for serum ras levels. A 95% non-parametric cut-off was used to determine significant differences in the frequency of elevated serum ras levels in control vs. LGL leukemia patients. Results: The median serum ras level in the 48 healthy control subjects was 125 pg/mL, with a 5% to 95% range of 50–422 pg/mL. The upper limit of normal for serum ras was defined as 422 pg/mL, as determined using the 95 % non-parametric cut-off. In the LGL leukemia patient group, 19 of 32 patients (59 %) had elevated baseline serum ras levels (median 484 pg/mL) (p=0.0001) when utilizing the healthy control upper limit of normal cut-off value. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the majority of LGL leukemia patients have significantly elevated serum ras levels when compared to healthy controls. Serum ras should be evaluated as a potential biomarker in larger leukemia trials, especially for response to treatment with inhibitors of the ras signaling pathway.

Renin and angiotensinogen gene expression and intrarenal renin distribution during ACE inhibition

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (6) ◽  
pp. F900-F906 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Gomez ◽  
K. R. Lynch ◽  
R. L. Chevalier ◽  
A. D. Everett ◽  
D. W. Johns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Renin Synthesis ◽  
Renin Mrna ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Dot Blot Analysis ◽  
Intrarenal Distribution

To define whether intrarenal renin and angiotensinogen synthesis and distribution are affected by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, a control group of adult, male Wistar-Kyoto rats (n = 7) was compared with a group of rats treated with enalapril (n = 8) for 5 days. Kidney renin and angiotensinogen mRNA levels were detected by Northern and dot blot analysis, using full-length rat renin and angiotensinogen cDNAs. Renin mRNA levels in the enalapril-treated group were 4.6-fold higher than in the control group (P less than 0.05). Angiotensinogen mRNA levels were not significantly different. The intrarenal distribution of renin assessed by immunocytochemistry was markedly different between the two groups of rats. Whereas in the control kidney renin was localized in a juxtaglomerular position, in the kidneys from enalapril-treated rats, renin immunoreactivity of the afferent arteriole extended well beyond the juxtaglomerular loci in the direction of the interlobular artery. The percent of afferent arteriolar length immunostained for renin was higher in the enalapril-treated (53 +/- 17%) than in the control (33 +/- 15) group. Similarly, the ratio of immunostained juxtaglomerular apparatuses (JGA) over total number of JGA and the ratio of immunostained arteries over total number of arteries were higher in the enalapril-treated (0.84 +/- 0.017; 0.68 +/- 0.03) than in the control (0.67 +/- 0.034; 0.43 +/- 0.045) group (P less than 0.05). We conclude that chronic ACE inhibition enhances intrarenal renin synthesis and increases renin expression upstream from the glomerulus and in new sites in blood vessels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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