scholarly journals Differential Responsiveness of the Platelet Biomarkers, Systemic CD40 Ligand, CD62P, and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB, to Virally-Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen C. Steel ◽  
W. D. Francois Venter ◽  
Annette J. Theron ◽  
Ronald Anderson ◽  
Charles Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Suppressive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control

Systemic biomarkers of inflammation, including cytokines and chemokines, are potentially useful in the management of both HIV infection and non-AIDS-defining disorders. However, relatively little is known about the utility of measurement of circulating biomarkers of platelet activation as a strategy to monitor the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), as well as the persistence of systemic inflammation following virally-suppressive therapy in HIV-infected persons. These issues have been addressed in the current study to which a cohort consisting of 199 HIV-infected participants was recruited, 100 of whom were cART-naïve and the remainder cART-treated and virally-suppressed. Fifteen healthy control participants were included for comparison. The study focused on the effects of cART on the responsiveness of three biomarkers of platelet activation, specifically soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), sCD62P (P-selectin), and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), measured using multiplex suspension bead array technology. Most prominently sCD40L in particular, as well as sCD62P, were significantly elevated in the cART-naïve group relative to both the cART-treated and healthy control groups. However, levels of PDGF-BB were of comparable magnitude in both the cART-naïve and –treated groups, and significantly higher than those of the control group. Although remaining somewhat higher in the virally-suppressed group relative to healthy control participants, these findings identify sCD40L, in particular, as a potential biomarker of successful cART, while PDGF-BB may be indicative of persistent low-level antigenemia.

scholarly journals THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF PLATELET-DERIVED FACTOR PDGF-BB AND ST2 IN HEART REJECTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
O. P. Shevchenko ◽  
A. A. Ulybysheva ◽  
A. V. Aksyonova ◽  
N. P. Mozhejko ◽  
E. A. Stakhanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Humoral Rejection ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Cardiac Biomarker ◽  
And Gender

Aim: to determine the association between plasma concentrations of biomarkers (sCD40L, PDGF-BB, PlGF-1, ST2) with histochemical and immunohistochemical signs of heart rejection.Materials and methods.The study included 98 heart recipients aged from 12 to 69 (mean age 43 ± 14) years, of which 78 men. In 68 patients dilated cardiomyopathy was diagnosed, 30 recipients were diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were measured using xMAP technology. The concentrations of ST2 cardiac biomarker were measured by ELISA.Results.No correlation was found between the levels of biomarkers (sCD40L, PDGF-BB, PlGF-1, ST2) and gender, age and diagnosis. The rejection was diagnosed via biopsy in 49 biopsies taken from 37 recipients. 1A rejection was found in 25 patients (34 biopsies), 1B rejection was identifi ed in 2 patients (3 biopsies), 3A rejection was diagnosed in 4 patients. Immunohistochemical signs of humoral rejection were identifi ed in 3 patients. The combination of acute cellular and humoral rejection was found in 4 patients (5 biopsies). The PDGFBB level was measured at the same day as the biopsy was taken, and it was shown to be signifi cantly higher in patients with rejection (p = 0.02). Rejection frequency was signifi cantly higher in patients with high PDGF-BB level (≥2473.7 pg/ml, RR = 1.64 ± 0.23; 95% CI [1.03–2.61]). Rejection frequency increased to 2.11 ± 0.34 [95% CI [1.08–4.11]] in recipients with ST2 and PDGF-BB concentration higher than the median value. The highest predictive value for heart rejection can be reached by a panel of three biomarkers: sCD40L, PlGF-1 and ST2 (RR = 2.51 ± 0.38; 95% CI [1.18–5.3]).Conclusion. PDGF-BB has moderate predictive value for heart rejection. The highest predictive value for heart rejection was reached by a panel of three biomarkers: sCD40L, PlGF-1 and ST2.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a potential biomarker for pulmonary thromboembolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Songul Ozyurt ◽  
Mevlut Karatas ◽  
Medeni Arpa ◽  
Bilge Yilmaz Kara ◽  
Hakan Duman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Abstract Objective Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a clinical condition that can be lethal unless promptly diagnosed and treated. The objective was to evaluate the significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the diagnosis of PTE. Materials and methods In this study, 60 patients hospitalized for acute PTE between May 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. PTE was diagnosed using spiral computed tomography angiography of the thorax. Cardiac enzyme levels, arterial blood gas, and echocardiography measurements were performed. Whole blood samples were drawn to measure serum NGAL before treatment. Results The PTE group comprised 34 women and 26 men, and the healthy control group included 22 women and 18 men. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 70.3 ± 14.4 years and 69.0 ± 10.2 years, respectively. Serum NGAL was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (88.6 ± 33.6 vs. 31.7 ± 10.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001, respectively). The optimal NGAL cut-off value was >50 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 98.3%, the negative predictive value was 100%, and the positive predictive value was 68%. Conclusion Serum NGAL is a new biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity to detect, diagnose, and exclude PTE.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Markers of Platelet Activation and Inflammation with Disease Activity in Wegener’s Granulomatosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUNNAR TOMASSON ◽  
MICHAEL LAVALLEY ◽  
KAHRAMAN TANRIVERDI ◽  
JAVIER D. FINKIELMAN ◽  
JOHN C. DAVIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Wegener’S Granulomatosis ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Wegener's Granulomatosis ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Active Disease

Objective.There remains a need for biomarkers to guide therapy in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. Our objective was to determine whether measures of platelet activation or inflammation are associated with disease activity in Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG).Methods.Study subjects were participants in a clinical trial. Soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), P-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and proteinase 3 (PR3)-specific ANCA were measured by ELISA using plasma samples obtained at baseline (active disease), at remission, and prior to, during, and after first flares. Disease activity was assessed by the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for WG (BVAS/WG). Association of biomarkers with disease activity was determined with conditional logistic and linear regression.Results.Over a mean followup of 27 months, 180 subjects underwent 2044 visits; markers were measured in 563 samples. Longitudinally, all markers other than IL-6 were associated with disease activity. The strongest associations for active disease at baseline versus remission were observed for sCD40L (OR 4.72, 95% CI 2.47–9.03), P-selectin (OR 6.26, 95% CI 2.78–14.10), PR3-ANCA (OR 9.41, 4.03–21.99), and inversely for MCP-1 (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.22–0.57). BVAS/WG increased by 0.80 (95% CI 0.44–1.16), 0.83 (95% CI 0.42–1.25), and 0.81 (95% CI 0.48–1.15) per unit-increase in PR3-ANCA, sCD40L, and P-selectin, respectively; and decreased by 1.54 (95% CI 0.96–2.12) per unit-increase in MCP-1.Conclusion.Cytokines arising from within the circulation, including those of platelet activation, correlate with disease activity in WG.

Platelet Derived Growth Factor Secretion and Bone Healing After Er:YAG Laser Bone Irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavriel Kesler ◽  
Dana Kesler Shvero ◽  
Yariv Siman Tov ◽  
George Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Post Surgery

Er:YAG laser irradiation has been reported to enhance wound healing. However, no studies have evaluated the synthesis of growth factors after laser irradiation. The present study investigated the effects of laser irradiation on the amount of secretion of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in the wound, clarifying the effects of the Er:YAG laser on the bone healing. Osteotomies were prepared in the tibiae of 28 rats using an Er:YAG laser (test group). Maximum power of 8 watts, energy per pulse of 700 mJ, and frequency up to 50 Hz were used. The laser was used with external water irrigation, a spot size of 2 mm, energy per pulse of 500 to 1000 mJ/pulse, and energy density of 32 J/cm2. Twenty eight additional rats served as a control group and their osteotomies were prepared with a drill 1.3 mm in diameter at 1000 rpm, with simultaneous saline irrigation. Two rats from the tested group and 2 from the control group were sacrificed on each day following surgery (1–14 days), and the tissue specimens were prepared for histologic evaluation. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-PDGF was performed after histologic examination. The difference between the PDGF staining intensities of the 2 treatment groups was analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression test. A significant rise in PDGF staining occurred in both groups 2–3 days following surgery. However, while high PDGF counts remained for the 2-week experimental period in the laser group, PDGF levels in the control group returned to baseline levels 8 days post surgery. The 2 groups (laser and control) were found to be different throughout the experiment, and the rat type was found to be a significant predictor (P  =  .000011). The present study demonstrated that Er:YAG laser irradiation seems to stimulate the secretion of PDGF in osteotomy sites in a rat model. It is possible that the high levels of PDGF are part of the mechanism that Er:YAG irradiation enhances and improves the healing of osteotomy sites.

scholarly journals Large adipose tissue generation in a mussel-inspired bioreactor of elastic–mimetic cryogel and platelets

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 204173141880863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Chang ◽  
Junrong Cai ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Ruijia Yang ◽  
Malcolm Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Angiogenic Growth Factors ◽  
Congenital Deformities ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Soft tissue generation, especially in large tissue, is a major challenge in reconstructive surgery to treat congenital deformities, posttraumatic repair, and cancer rehabilitation. The concern is along with the donor site morbidity, donor tissue shortage, and flap necrosis. Here, we report a dissection-free adipose tissue chamber–based novel guided adipose tissue regeneration strategy in a bioreactor of elastic gelatin cryogel and polydopamine-assisted platelet immobilization intended to improve angiogenesis and generate large adipose tissue in situ. In order to have matched tissue mechanics, we used 5% gelatin cryogel as growth substrate of bioreactor. Platelets from the platelet-rich plasma were then immobilized onto the gelatin cryogel with the aid of polydopamine to form a biomimetic bioreactor (polydopamine/gelatin cryogel/platelet). Platelets on the substrate led to a sustained high release in both platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor compared with non-polydopamine-assisted group. The formed bioreactor was then transferred to a tissue engineering chamber and then inserted above inguinal fat pad of rats without flap dissection. This integrate strategy significantly boomed the vessel density, stimulated cellular proliferation, and upregulated macrophage infiltration. There was a noticeable rise in the expression of dual-angiogenic growth factors (platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor) in chamber fluid; host cell migration and host fibrous protein secretion coordinated with gelatin cryogel degradation. The regenerated adipose tissue volume gained threefold larger than control group (p < 0.05) with less fibrosis tissue. These results indicate that a big well-vascularized three-dimensional mature adipose tissue can be regenerated using elastic gel, polydopamine, platelets, and small fat tissue.

scholarly journals Serum Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) Level as a Potential Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doungdean Tummanatsakun ◽  
Tanakorn Proungvitaya ◽  
Sittiruk Roytrakul ◽  
Temduang Limpaiboon ◽  
Sopit Wongkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Peptide ◽  
Transmembrane Helix ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cleavage Sites ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Peptide Cleavage ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Predicted Signal Peptide ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Dot Blot Analysis

Diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still insufficient with poor prognosis of patients. To discover a new CCA biomarker, we constructed our secretome database of three CCA cell lines and one control cholangiocyte cell line using GeLC-MS/MS. We selected candidate proteins by five bioinformatics tools for secretome analysis. The inclusion criteria were as follows: having predicted signal peptide or being predicted as non-classically secreted protein; together with having no transmembrane helix and being previously detected in plasma and having the highest number of signal peptide cleavage sites. Eventually, apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) was selected for further analysis. To validate APEX1 as a bio-marker for CCA, serum APEX1 levels of 80, 39, and 40 samples collected from CCA, benign biliary diseases (BBD), and healthy control groups, respectively, were measured using dot blot analysis. The results showed that serum APEX1 level in CCA group was significantly higher than that in BBD or healthy control group. Among CCA patients, serum APEX1 level was significantly higher in patients having metastasis than in those without metastasis. The higher level of serum APEX1 was correlated with the shorter survival time of the patients. Serum APEX1 level might be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CCA.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Variability as Potential Biomarker of Neurogenic Lesion Degree in Children with Spina Bifida

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Zoran Golubovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Neurogenic Lesions

Aims. In this study we analyzed the degree of genetic homozygosity among spina bifida patients with different degrees of neurogenic lesion (N = 82), as well as their clinical and neurological characteristics, compared to healthy control individuals (N = 100). Methods. According to clinical and electromyographic findings, we separately assessed the type of neurogenic lesion (paresis or paralysis). Regarding the degree of neurogenic lesion, patients were classified into three groups: mild, moderate and severe. We analyzed six muscles. For assessing the degree of individual genetic homozygosity, we tested the presence and distribution of 15 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). Results. The predominant type of neurogenic lesion was paresis. Every third evaluated muscle was affected in the group with mild neurogenic lesion, while more than half were affected in the group with severe neurogenic lesion. The average values of HRCs among different groups of patients and the control showed the population-genetic differences that exist among them (control x ¯ HRC/15 = 3.0 ± 0.2; mild x ¯ HRC/15 = 3.6 ± 0.2; moderate x ¯ HRC/15 = 4.8 ± 0.3; severe neurogenic lesion x ¯ HRC/15 = 5.0 ± 0.3). Conclusions. Spina bifida patients have a significant increase of recessive homozygosity and a decreased variability compared to the control group. As neurogenic lesions are more severe, more affected muscles are present, as well as the increase of individual recessive homozygosity.

scholarly journals The Cytokine Response to Human Traumatic Brain Injury: Temporal Profiles and Evidence for Cerebral Parenchymal Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 658-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Helmy ◽  
Keri LH Carpenter ◽  
David K Menon ◽  
John D Pickard ◽  
Peter JA Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Cerebral Microdialysis ◽  
Soluble Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Diverse Range

The role of neuroinflammation is increasingly being recognised in a diverse range of cerebral pathologies, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). We used cerebral microdialysis and paired arterial and jugular bulb plasma sampling to characterise the production of 42 cytokines after severe TBI in 12 patients over 5 days. We compared two microdialysis perfusates in six patients: central nervous system perfusion fluid and 3.5% human albumin solution (HAS); 3.5% HAS has a superior fluid recovery (95.8 versus 83.3%), a superior relative recovery in 18 of 42 cytokines (versus 8 of 42), and a qualitatively superior recovery profile. All 42 cytokines were recovered from the human brain. Sixteen cytokines showed a stereotyped temporal peak, at least twice the median value for that cytokine over the monitoring period; day 1: tumour necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)7, IL8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)1α, soluble CD40 ligand, GRO, IL1β, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, MIP1β, RANTES; day 2: IL1 receptor antagonist (ra). IL6, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), chemokine CXC motif ligand 10 (IP10); days 4 to 5: IL12p70, IL10. Brain extracellular fluid concentrations were significantly higher than plasma concentrations for 19 cytokines: basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), G-CSF, IL1α, IL1 β, IL1ra, IL3, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12p40, IL12p70, IP10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)1, MCP3, MIP1α, MIP1β, PDGF-AA, transforming growth factor (TGF)α and vascular endothelial growth factor. No clear arterio-jugular venous gradients were apparent. These data provide evidence for the cerebral production of these cytokines and show a stereotyped temporal pattern after TBI.

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