scholarly journals MicroRNA-Enriched Exosomes from Different Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Differentially Modulate Functions of Immune Cells and Neurogenesis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Naina Soni ◽  
Suchi Gupta ◽  
Surender Rawat ◽  
Vishnu Krishnakumar ◽  
Sujata Mohanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Survival ◽  
Different Sources

Adult Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes carry several biologically active molecules that play prominent roles in controlling disease manifestations. The content of these exosomes, their functions, and effect on the immune cells may differ depending on their tissue sources. Therefore, in this study, we purified the exosomes from three different sources and, using the RNA-Seq approach, highly abundant microRNAs were identified and compared between exosomes and parental cells. The effects of exosomes on different immune cells were studied in vitro by incubating exosomes with PBMC and neutrophils and assessing their functions. The expression levels of several miRNAs varied within the different MSCs and exosomes. Additionally, the expression profile of most of the miRNAs was not similar to that of their respective sources. Exosomes isolated from different sources had different abilities to induce the process of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Moreover, these exosomes demonstrated their varying effect on PBMC proliferation, neutrophil survival, and NET formation, highlighting their versatility and broad interaction with immune cells. The knowledge gained from this study will improve our understanding of the miRNA landscape of exosomes from hMSCs and provide a resource for further improving our understanding of exosome cargo and their interaction with immune cells.

111 EQUINE AMNIOTIC EPITHELIAL OR BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS DIFFERENTLY SUPPORT IN VITRO EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN A BOVINE IN VITRO CULTURE MODEL

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cremonesi ◽  
V. Maggio ◽  
A. Lange Consiglio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cells ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

There are indications that the culture system and the medium composition can affect embryo quality. In fact, various studies have been shown that the in vitro culture environment is one of the key determinants of the blastocyst output. In light of this, recently, some studies used co-culture with mouse embryonic fibroblasts in the effort to improve the development of bovine and ovine in vitro-derived embryos. Despite the progress in equine IVM and ICSI technologies and the different culture conditions reported for preimplantation development of ICSI fertilized horse oocytes, the yield of blastocysts remained low. In the present study we investigated the benefits of co-culturing bovine embryos with equine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) or equine amniotic epithelial stem cells (AE-SC) on blastocyst development. This study employed the bovine embryo as a model and represents the initial step towards standardization of a protocol for the culture of equine embryos in our laboratory. BM specimens were obtained aseptically from sternal aspirates of horses under local anaesthesia and layered over Hystopaque™ 1.080, then centrifuged for 20 min at 400g and 4°C. Cell pellets were resuspended in 10 mL Dulbecco Modified Earle’s Medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1% non-essential amino acids, penicillin (100 U mL–1) and streptomycin (100 μg mL–1) and seeded in 24-well plates. Amniotic membranes were obtained from fresh placentas and, to release the AE cells, amniotic fractions were incubated at 37°C with 0.05% trypsin for 45 min. Separated AE cells were plated on 25 cm2 flask in standard culture media containing 10 ng mL–1 epidermal growth factor. Seven hundred fifty cumulus–oocyte complexes with a homogeneous cytoplasm and two or more layers of cumulus cells were used. After IVM and IVF cumulus-free presumptive zygotes were randomly transferred into one of three co-culture systems in which they were cultured for up to Day 7: 1) co-culture with granulosa cells (control); 2) co-culture with BM-MSC; 3) co-culture with AE-SC. The culture medium was TCM 199 + 10% fetal bovine serum, pyruvate and gentamicin at 38.5°C in 5% CO2. Statistical analyses was performed by chi square test. Blastocysts developmental rates were similar among control, AE-SC and BM-MSC (35%, 41% and 30%, respectively), but the co-culture with AE-SC gave a significantly greater percentage of blastocysts compared to BM-MSC (P < 0.05). In conclusion, despite the absence of a significant increment in blastocysts attainment using stem cells as feeders for embryo culture, the AE-SC monolayer create a more suitable microenvironment necessary for inducing local cell activation and proliferation of the growing embryos in comparison with BM-MSC. It can be suggested that these cells secrete biologically active substances including signaling molecules and growth factors of epithelial nature different from those of the BM cells of mesenchymal origin. Regione Lombardia is acknowledged for the “Dote Ricercatori” fellowship to V.M.

The potentials of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 857-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mehdipour ◽  
Ayyub Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Shiri-Shahsavar ◽  
Jafar Soleimani-Rad ◽  
Leila Roshangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractStem cell therapy has indicated a promising treatment capacity for tissue regeneration. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune-based chronic disease, in which the myelin sheath of the central nervous system is destructed. Scientists have not discovered any cure for multiple sclerosis, and most of the treatments are rather palliative. The pursuit of a versatile treatment option, therefore, seems essential. The immunoregulatory and non-chronic rejection characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as their homing properties, recommend them as a prospective treatment option for multiple sclerosis. Different sources of mesenchymal stem cells have distinct characteristics and functional properties; in this regard, choosing the most suitable cell therapy approach seems to be challenging. In this review, we will discuss umbilical cord/blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells, their identified exclusive properties compared to another adult mesenchymal stem cells, and the expectations of their potential roles in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Long-term In vitro Expansion Alters the Biology of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 4229-4238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Izadpanah ◽  
Deepak Kaushal ◽  
Christopher Kriedt ◽  
Fern Tsien ◽  
Bindiya Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Expansion

In vitro behaviour of adult mesenchymal stem cells seeded on a bioactive glass ceramic in the SiO2–CaO–P2O5 system

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1104-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Meseguer-Olmo ◽  
A. Bernabeu-Esclapez ◽  
E. Ros-Martinez ◽  
S. Sánchez-Salcedo ◽  
S. Padilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
P2o5 System

scholarly journals Influence of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells on In Vitro Vascular Formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1751-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Sorrell ◽  
Marilyn A. Baber ◽  
Arnold I. Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Formation

scholarly journals Effects of steroids on the morphology and proliferation of canine and equine mesenchymal stem cells of adipose origin — in vitro research

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Marycz ◽  
Agnieszka Śmieszek ◽  
Jakub Grzesiak ◽  
Jakub Nicpoń
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Steroid Injections ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Steroid Drugs

Disorders of the locomotive system, especially those occurring due to degenerative changes of the joints, are serious problems in daily veterinary medical practice. Steroid injections are the main way of treating these disorders. However, this approach brings usually only temporary effects of pain relief, and may cause many side effects. Alternative therapies focus on regeneration of damaged tissue using adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Since 2002, the great plasticity and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs isolated from adipose tissue (AdMSCs) have been used successfully in the treatment of degenerative joint diseases (DJD) of both dogs and horses. Possible simultaneous application of steroid therapy and stem cell transplantation could improve the commonly used clinical procedure. In this paper, the influence of the two steroid drugs (betamethasone and methylprednisolone) on AdMSCs was evaluated on the basis of morphology and proliferation rate. Both steroids positively influenced the viability and proliferation state of cells in a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml and 0.1 mg/ml, respectively. However, the concentration of 1 mg/ml had a cytotoxic effect. Moreover, the lower dosage of steroid drugs used in the experiment did not affect the morphology of cells and significantly increased cellular activity. In conclusion, our data demonstrate the stimulating effect of steroid drugs on cell morphology, proliferation rate and cytophysiological activity. These findings may influence the use of stem cells and steroids in applied regenerative veterinary medical practice in the future.

scholarly journals RAT BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS ISOLATION, CULTIVATION AND DIFFERENTIATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Emoke PALL ◽  
Ioan GROZA ◽  
Olga SORITAU ◽  
Ciprian TOMULEASA ◽  
Mihai CENARIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Bone

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous population derived from the non–blood-forming fraction of bone marrow that regulates hematopoietic cell development. In vitro, adult mesenchymal stem cells resident in this bone marrow fraction differentiate into bone, cartilage, and fat. Because MSCs can be easily obtained using a simple bone marrow aspiration and show extensive capacity for expansion in vitro, these cells have been considered as candidates for cell therapy. The aim of this study was to purify rat MSCs from adult bone marrow and to functionally characterise their abilities to differentiate along diverse lineages. Our data demonstrate that we successfully isolated, culture-expanded and differentiated a relatively homogeneous population of MPCs from adult rat bone marrow.

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