scholarly journals Cardiac Organoids to Model and Heal Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Magali Seguret ◽  
Eva Vermersch ◽  
Charlène Jouve ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Hulot
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Human Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Key Aspects

Cardiac tissue engineering aims at creating contractile structures that can optimally reproduce the features of human cardiac tissue. These constructs are becoming valuable tools to model some of the cardiac functions, to set preclinical platforms for drug testing, or to alternatively be used as therapies for cardiac repair approaches. Most of the recent developments in cardiac tissue engineering have been made possible by important advances regarding the efficient generation of cardiac cells from pluripotent stem cells and the use of novel biomaterials and microfabrication methods. Different combinations of cells, biomaterials, scaffolds, and geometries are however possible, which results in different types of structures with gradual complexities and abilities to mimic the native cardiac tissue. Here, we intend to cover key aspects of tissue engineering applied to cardiology and the consequent development of cardiac organoids. This review presents various facets of the construction of human cardiac 3D constructs, from the choice of the components to their patterning, the final geometry of generated tissues, and the subsequent readouts and applications to model and treat cardiac diseases.

scholarly journals Recapitulating Cardiac Structure and Function In Vitro from Simple to Complex Engineering

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Ana Santos ◽  
Yongjun Jang ◽  
Inwoo Son ◽  
Jongseong Kim ◽  
Yongdoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Cells

Cardiac tissue engineering aims to generate in vivo-like functional tissue for the study of cardiac development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Since the heart is composed of various types of cells and extracellular matrix with a specific microenvironment, the fabrication of cardiac tissue in vitro requires integrating technologies of cardiac cells, biomaterials, fabrication, and computational modeling to model the complexity of heart tissue. Here, we review the recent progress of engineering techniques from simple to complex for fabricating matured cardiac tissue in vitro. Advancements in cardiomyocytes, extracellular matrix, geometry, and computational modeling will be discussed based on a technology perspective and their use for preparation of functional cardiac tissue. Since the heart is a very complex system at multiscale levels, an understanding of each technique and their interactions would be highly beneficial to the development of a fully functional heart in cardiac tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Engineering Human Cardiac Muscle Patch Constructs for Prevention of Post-infarction LV Remodeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Vahid Serpooshan ◽  
Jianyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Lv Remodeling

Tissue engineering combines principles of engineering and biology to generate living tissue equivalents for drug testing, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. As techniques for reprogramming human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and subsequently differentiating them into cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cells have become increasingly efficient, progress toward the development of engineered human cardiac muscle patch (hCMP) and heart tissue analogs has accelerated. A few pilot clinical studies in patients with post-infarction LV remodeling have been already approved. Conventional methods for hCMP fabrication include suspending cells within scaffolds, consisting of biocompatible materials, or growing two-dimensional sheets that can be stacked to form multilayered constructs. More recently, advanced technologies, such as micropatterning and three-dimensional bioprinting, have enabled fabrication of hCMP architectures at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. However, the studies working on various hCMP-based strategies for in vivo tissue repair face several major obstacles, including the inadequate scalability for clinical applications, poor integration and engraftment rate, and the lack of functional vasculature. Here, we review many of the recent advancements and key concerns in cardiac tissue engineering, focusing primarily on the production of hCMPs at clinical/industrial scales that are suitable for administration to patients with myocardial disease. The wide variety of cardiac cell types and sources that are applicable to hCMP biomanufacturing are elaborated. Finally, some of the key challenges remaining in the field and potential future directions to address these obstacles are discussed.

scholarly journals Graphene-Based Scaffolds: Fundamentals and Applications for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Savchenko ◽  
Rose T. Yin ◽  
Dmitry Kireev ◽  
Igor R. Efimov ◽  
Elena Molokanova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cardiovascular Tissue ◽  
Cell Scaffolds

Cardiac tissue engineering requires materials that can faithfully recapitulate and support the native in vivo microenvironment while providing a seamless bioelectronic interface. Current limitations of cell scaffolds include the lack of electrical conductivity and suboptimal mechanical properties. Here we discuss how the incorporation of graphene into cellular scaffolds, either alone or in combination with other materials, can affect morphology, function, and maturation of cardiac cells. We conclude that graphene-based scaffolds hold great promise for cardiac tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Extrinsically Conductive Nanomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering Applications

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Arsalan Ul Haq ◽  
Felicia Carotenuto ◽  
Paolo Di Nardo ◽  
Roberto Francini ◽  
Paolo Prosposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Fibrotic Scar ◽  
Regeneration Capability ◽  
Conductive Nanomaterials

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the consequence of coronary artery thrombosis resulting in ischemia and necrosis of the myocardium. As a result, billions of contractile cardiomyocytes are lost with poor innate regeneration capability. This degenerated tissue is replaced by collagen-rich fibrotic scar tissue as the usual body response to quickly repair the injury. The non-conductive nature of this tissue results in arrhythmias and asynchronous beating leading to total heart failure in the long run due to ventricular remodelling. Traditional pharmacological and assistive device approaches have failed to meet the utmost need for tissue regeneration to repair MI injuries. Engineered heart tissues (EHTs) seem promising alternatives, but their non-conductive nature could not resolve problems such as arrhythmias and asynchronous beating for long term in-vivo applications. The ability of nanotechnology to mimic the nano-bioarchitecture of the extracellular matrix and the potential of cardiac tissue engineering to engineer heart-like tissues makes it a unique combination to develop conductive constructs. Biomaterials blended with conductive nanomaterials could yield conductive constructs (referred to as extrinsically conductive). These cell-laden conductive constructs can alleviate cardiac functions when implanted in-vivo. A succinct review of the most promising applications of nanomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering to repair MI injuries is presented with a focus on extrinsically conductive nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Designing of spider silk proteins for hiPSC-based cardiac tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 100114
Author(s):  
Tilman U. Esser ◽  
Vanessa T. Trossmann ◽  
Sarah Lentz ◽  
Felix B. Engel ◽  
Thomas Scheibel
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Spider Silk ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Proteins

Textile-templated electrospun anisotropic scaffolds for regenerative cardiac tissue engineering

Biomaterials ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (30) ◽  
pp. 8540-8552 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gözde Şenel Ayaz ◽  
Anat Perets ◽  
Hasan Ayaz ◽  
Kyle D. Gilroy ◽  
Muthu Govindaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tissue Engineering
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