scholarly journals Duplicate Detection of Spike Events: A Relevant Problem in Human Single-Unit Recordings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Gert Dehnen ◽  
Marcel S. Kehl ◽  
Alana Darcher ◽  
Tamara T. Müller ◽  
Jakob H. Macke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
External Noise ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Recording Channels ◽  
Waveform Similarity ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

Single-unit recordings in the brain of behaving human subjects provide a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of neural mechanisms of cognition. These recordings are exclusively performed in medical centers during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The presence of medical instruments along with other aspects of the hospital environment limit the control of electrical noise compared to animal laboratory environments. Here, we highlight the problem of an increased occurrence of simultaneous spike events on different recording channels in human single-unit recordings. Most of these simultaneous events were detected in clusters previously labeled as artifacts and showed similar waveforms. These events may result from common external noise sources or from different micro-electrodes recording activity from the same neuron. To address the problem of duplicate recorded events, we introduce an open-source algorithm to identify these artificial spike events based on their synchronicity and waveform similarity. Applying our method to a comprehensive dataset of human single-unit recordings, we demonstrate that our algorithm can substantially increase the data quality of these recordings. Given our findings, we argue that future studies of single-unit activity recorded under noisy conditions should employ algorithms of this kind to improve data quality.

Sources of the Scalp-Recorded Amplitude-Modulation Following Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Kuwada ◽  
Julia S. Anderson ◽  
Ranjan Batra ◽  
Douglas C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Natacha Teissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
High Modulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Composite Response ◽  
The Brain

The scalp-recorded amplitude-modulation following response (AMFR)” is gaining recognition as an objective audiometric tool, but little is known about the neural sources that underlie this potential. We hypothesized, based on our human studies and single-unit recordings in animals, that the scalp-recorded AMFR reflects the interaction of multiple sources. We tested this hypothesis using an animal model, the unanesthetized rabbit. We compared AMFRs recorded from the surface of the brain at different locations and before and after the administration of agents likely to enhance or suppress neural generators. We also recorded AMFRs locally at several stations along the auditory neuraxis. We conclude that the surface-recorded AMFR is indeed a composite response from multiple brain generators. Although the response at any modulation frequency can reflect the activity of more than one generator, the AMFRs to low and high modulation frequencies appear to reflect a strong contribution from cortical and subcortical sources, respectively.

Sensory Deprivation and Schizophrenia

1959 ◽  
Vol 105 (438) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures

Much interest has been displayed in the past few years in the effect on human subjects of reduction, or as far as possible, abolition of sensory stimulation, so that virtual isolation from the environment is produced. Recent comprehensive reviews have appeared, dealing with experimental work (Solomon et al. 1957) and conditions arising incidentally in the course of various therapeutic procedures (Grünthal 1957), and it is therefore unnecessary to deal with the topic at length here.

A device enabling single unit recordings during head movements in cats

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Schneider ◽  
A.A. Castaldi ◽  
T.I. Lidsky
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

Single-unit recordings of arterial chemoreceptors from mouse petrosal ganglia in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Donnelly ◽  
Ricardo Rigual
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Unit Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Suction Electrode ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Unit Action

A preparation was developed that allows for the recording of single-unit chemoreceptor activity from mouse carotid body in vitro. An anesthetized mouse was decapitated, and each carotid body was harvested, along with the sinus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, and petrosal ganglia. After exposure to collagenase/trypsin, the cleaned complex was transferred to a recording chamber where it was superfused with oxygenated saline. The ganglia was searched for evoked or spontaneous unit activity by using a glass suction electrode. Single-unit action potentials were 57 ± 10 (SE) ( n = 16) standard deviations above the recording noise, and spontaneous spikes were generated as a random process. Decreasing superfusate[Formula: see text] to near 20 Torr caused an increase in spiking activity from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 14.1 ± 1.9 Hz ( n = 16). The use of mice for chemoreceptor studies may be advantageous because targeted gene deletions are well developed in the mouse model and may be useful in addressing unresolved questions regarding the mechanism of chemotransduction.

scholarly journals Opportunities and Challenges for Single-Unit Recordings from Enteric Neurons in Awake Animals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Barth ◽  
Hsin-I Huang ◽  
Gianna Hammer ◽  
Xiling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Unit Recording ◽  
Neural Recordings ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Single Unit Recordings ◽  
Excised Tissue ◽  
Intrinsic Neurons

Advanced electrode designs have made single-unit neural recordings commonplace among modern neuroscience research. However, single-unit resolution remains out of reach for the intrinsic neurons of the gastrointestinal system. Single-unit recordings of the enteric (gut) nervous system have been conducted in anesthetized animal models and excised tissue, but there is a large physiological gap between awake and anesthetized animals, particularly for the enteric nervous system. Here, we describe the opportunity for advancing enteric neuroscience offered by single-unit recording capabilities in awake animals. We highlight the primary challenges to microelectrodes in the gastrointestinal system including structural, physiological, and signal quality challenges.

scholarly journals Guest Editorial: Colour in a Larger Perspective: The Rebirth of Gestalt Psychology

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1341-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Spillmann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Receptive Field ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical Receptive Field ◽  
Neuronal Mechanisms ◽  
Single Unit Recordings

This overview takes the reader from the classical contrast and assimilation studies of the past to today's colour research, in a broad sense, with its renewed emphasis on the phenomenological qualities of visual perception. It shows how the shift in paradigm from local to global effects in single-unit recordings prompted a reappraisal of appearance in visual experiments, not just in colour, but in the perception of motion, texture, and depth as well. Gestalt ideas placed in the context of modern concepts are shown to inspire psychophysicists, neurophysiologists, and computational vision scientists alike. Feedforward, horizontal interactions, and feedback are discussed as potential neuronal mechanisms to account for phenomena such as uniform surfaces, filling-in, and grouping arising from processes beyond the classical receptive field. A look forward towards future developments in the field of figure–ground segregation (Gestalt formation) concludes the article.

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