scholarly journals Low Vitamin D Level Is Associated with Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Matthew Moore ◽  
Yelena Goldin ◽  
Harsh Patel ◽  
Brian D. Greenwald
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Normal Vitamin ◽  
Acute Rehabilitation ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D and its association with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been studied in common rehabilitation populations, such as spinal cord injury and ischemic stroke groups. This study explores the relationship between vitamin D levels and acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. This is a retrospective cohort study that analyzes the relationship between vitamin D levels and the prevalence of DVT during acute inpatient rehabilitation. In this population, 62% (117/190) of patients had low vitamin D levels upon admission to acute rehabilitation. Furthermore, 21% (24/117) of patients in the low vitamin D group had acute DVT during admission to acute rehabilitation. In contrast, only 8% (6/73) of patients in the normal vitamin D group had acute DVT during admission to acute rehabilitation. Fisher’s exact tests revealed significant differences between individuals with low and normal vitamin D levels (p = 0.025). In conclusion, a vitamin D level below 30 ng/mL was associated with increased probability of the occurrence of acute DVT in individuals with moderate–severe TBI.

Evaluation of Heparin Prophylaxis Protocol on Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Traumatic Brain Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1050-1053
Author(s):  
Mayin Lin ◽  
Joseph Vivian Davis ◽  
David T. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Head Computed Tomography ◽  
Heparin Prophylaxis

There is currently no accepted standard for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) prophylaxis in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of implementing a subcutaneous heparin prophylaxis protocol for patients with TBI that began in our hospital as of June 2009. In our retrospective cohort study, we examined 3812 TBI records between January 2007 and December 2011. A significant reduction in the risk of DVT/PE development was not demonstrated by comparing DVT and PE incidences before and after protocol implementation. A clear trend between heparin use and DVT occurrence could not be determined from a review of TBI records after June 2009. The use of heparin after initiation of our protocol among operative TBI cases without intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) based on admission head computed tomography was 58 per cent. ICH complication from heparin prophylaxis was 10.6 per cent for patients with TBI with ICH on admission (five of 47 cases) compared with 0.7 per cent for those without ICH on admission (four of 535 cases).

Deep Venous Thrombosis Management Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Carlile ◽  
Stuart A. Yablon ◽  
W. Jerry Mysiw ◽  
Alan B. Frol ◽  
David Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis

Predictors of 1-Year Global Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older Adults: A NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 68S-96S
Author(s):  
Flora M. Hammond ◽  
Christina A. Baker-Sparr ◽  
Marie N. Dahdah ◽  
Kristen Dams-O’Connor ◽  
Laura E. Dreer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Transitions Of Care ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Acute Rehabilitation ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To assess predictors of global function and driving status among older adults (50 years and older) who survived 1 year following inpatient rehabilitation for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Functional status at 1-year post-TBI was determined for 1,845 individuals. The relationship age category to function was studied using associations and predictive modeling. Results: The final model accounted for 34% variance in Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) among 60- to 69-year-olds and 70- to 79-year-olds, and 25% variance in 50- to 59-year-olds and 80+-year-olds. FIM Motor at rehabilitation discharge made the greatest contribution to GOS-E variance across all age groups. Inpatient rehabilitation discharge to nursing home or adult home and rehospitalization were associated with a one-level decrease in GOS-E. Alcohol use predicted lower GOS-E among the 70- to 79-year-olds. Gender, ethnicity, and rehospitalizations were negatively associated driving. Discussion: Rehabilitation approaches to older adults with TBI may help maximize function and, thereby, improve later outcomes and decrease rehospitlaizations. Such strategies may include longer and more intensive acute rehabilitation with greater patient engagement and enhanced transitions of care.

Venous Thromboembolism Risk and Thromboprophylaxis in Pediatric Neurosurgery and Spinal Injury: Current Trends and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Panagopoulos ◽  
Ploutarchos Karydakis ◽  
Georgios Noutsos ◽  
Marios Themistocleous
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractAlthough the entities of venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolus, and thromboprophylaxis in adult patients undergoing brain tumor and spine surgery, traumatic brain injury and elective neurosurgical procedures are widely elucidated, the same is not valid when pediatric patients are under consideration. An attempt to review the peculiarities of these patients through a comprehensive bibliographic review is undertaken. We performed a narrative summary of the relevant literature dedicated to pediatric patients, centered on traumatic brain injury, the general incidence of thromboembolic disease in this patient population, the role of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment and prophylaxis of VTE, and its role in elective neurosurgical procedures, including spinal operations. Additionally, the risk of deep venous thrombosis in elective neurosurgical procedures is reviewed. Due to inherent limitations of the current studies, particularly a restricted number of patients, our data are underpowered to give a definitive protocol and guidelines for all the affected patients. Our current conclusions, based only on pediatric patients, argue that there is limited risk of VTE in pediatric patients suffering from brain tumors and that the possibility of VTE is very low in children undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures. There is no consensus regarding the exact incidence of VTE in traumatic brain injury patients. LMWH seems to be a safe and effective choice for the “at risk” pediatric patient population defined as being older than 15 years, venous catheterization, nonaccidental trauma, increased length of hospital stays, orthopaedic (including spinal) surgery, and cranial surgery.

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