scholarly journals Semantics Based on the Physical Characteristics of Facial Expressions Used to Produce Japanese Vowels

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shushi Namba ◽  
Toshimune Kambara
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vowel Sound ◽  
The One

Previous studies have reported that verbal sounds are associated—non-arbitrarily—with specific meanings (e.g., sound symbolism and onomatopoeia), including visual forms of information such as facial expressions; however, it remains unclear how mouth shapes used to utter each vowel create our semantic impressions. We asked 81 Japanese participants to evaluate mouth shapes associated with five Japanese vowels by using 10 five-item semantic differential scales. The results reveal that the physical characteristics of the facial expressions (mouth shapes) induced specific evaluations. For example, the mouth shape made to voice the vowel “a” was the one with the biggest, widest, and highest facial components compared to other mouth shapes, and people perceived words containing that vowel sound as bigger. The mouth shapes used to pronounce the vowel “i” were perceived as more likable than the other four vowels. These findings indicate that the mouth shapes producing vowels imply specific meanings. Our study provides clues about the meaning of verbal sounds and what the facial expressions in communication represent to the perceiver.

scholarly journals Emotionally evaluative attitude of parents in the high conflict families to each other and the child

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-141
Author(s):  
S.S. Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dysfunctional Families ◽  
Psychiatric Examination ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conflictual Relationship

The increasing number of dysfunctional families causes an increase in the number of civil litigation on the education of the child, where the relationship between the persons are highly conflictual. The actual task is study the one of components in the structure of the psychological relationship - emotional and semantic constructs underlying semantic perception of each other and the child's parents. Examination of 42 testees (parents) from harmonious families and 54 testees (parents) during the forensic psychological and psychiatric examination (regarding the definition of child`s residence or the order of meetings for the child and the parent who don`t live with it) by methods "Geometric test of relations" and "Semantic Differential" showed that in families where is highly conflictual relationship, there is positive assessments of herself and her child, while assessment of the spouse (wife) characterized inversion. This negative attitude toward the spouse (wife) is not the other parent's negative characteristics. It is the ignoring the other parent's positive characteristics. The positive acceptance of all family members was revealed in harmonious families.

Now you see it, now you don’t: Design dependent sound symbolism effect in categorization studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Kovic ◽  
Jovana Pejovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Image ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
General Process ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
The One ◽  
Label Object ◽  
Is Design

A number of studies have demonstrated sound-symbolism effects in adults and in children. Moreover, recently, ERP studies have shown that the sensitivity to sound-symbolic label–object associations occurs within 200 ms of object presentation (Kovic et al., 2010). It was argued that this effect may reflect a more general process of auditory–visual feature integration where properties of auditory stimuli facilitate a mapping to specific visual features. Here we demonstrate that the sound-symbolism effect is design dependent, namely — it occurs only when mapping from auditory to visual stimuli and not vice verse. Two groups of participants were recruited for solving the categorization task. They were presented them with 12 visual stimuli, half of which were rounded and another half of angular shapes. One group was trained to classify the rounded objects as ‘takete’ and the rounded ones as ‘maluma’, whereas the other group mapped ‘takete’ to rounded and ‘maluma’ to angular shapes. Moreover, half of these two groups heard the label before seeing the objects, whereas the other half was given the label after perceiving the object. The results revealed the sound-symbolism effect only in the group which was trained on the auditory–visual objects mapping and not in the one trained on the visual–auditory mappings. Thus, despite the previous findings we demonstrate that the sound-symbolism effect is not significant per se, but design-dependent and we argue that the sound brings up a mental image that is more constrained than the sounds brought up by a picture.

Developments in elite level Thai boxing in Belgium: has there been a civilising influence?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Joannes Van Gestel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
International Federation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
The One

This paper analyses the changes in the elite level of Thai Boxing in Belgium from the mid-1980s by employing the concept of ‘sportization’. This analysis demonstrates that there has been a small development towards the condemnation of violence and an increase in the number of weight categories which support an argument in favour of the sportization process, while a reduction of the minimum participation age suggests a counter trend. Although clear changes have been identified for other combat sports, the relative immobility of Thai Boxing is due to the diversified figurational network involving the Belgian Thai Boxing Federation. On the one hand, the federation seeks recognition from the public and the international federations representing the official sports organisations, which requires a visually attractive and safe sport. On the other hand, it also attracts those interested and inspired by its more dangerous physical characteristics. Despite the ambiguity of these findings it is argued that Thai Boxing has undergone a slight sportization process. As the rules and regulations applied in Belgium have always adhered to those of the international federation, it is likely that the results can be seen as reflecting the sport’s development in other nations.

Anomalism and Supervenience: A Critical Survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oron Shagrir
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Mental Properties ◽  
The One ◽  
Mental Events ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The thesis that mental properties are dependent, or supervenient, on physical properties, but this dependence is not lawlike, has been influential in contemporary philosophy of mind. It is put forward explicitly in Donald Davidson's seminal ‘Mental Events.’ On the one hand, Davidson claims that the mental is anomalous, that ‘there are no strict deterministic laws on the basis of which mental events can be predicted and explained’ (1970, 208), and, in particular, that there are no strict psychophysical laws. On the other hand, he insists that the mental supervenes on the physical; that ‘mental characteristics are in some sense dependent, or supervenient, on physical characteristics’ (1970, 214).

Sound symbolism in Korean

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong-On Kim
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Moving Object ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Word ◽  
The One

I. In Korean, alternation between certain vowels or consonants in sound symbolic adjectives and adverbs is regularly correlated with a connotation shift in those words. The examples below illustrate such alternation and the resulting connotation shift: (i) Vowel alternation: /piŋkwl/ ‘(turn) round and round’ /pεŋkwl/ ‘round and round (the circle involved is smaller and the movement faster)’(2) Consonant alternation: /piŋkwl/ ‘round and round’ /phiŋkwl/ ‘round and round (the movement is more powerful and faster)’ ‘ppiŋkwl/ same as /phiŋkwl/ The alternation between /i/ and /ε/ in the examples in (1) brings about a connotation shift in the speed of the movement and also in the size of the moving object and of the circle made by the circular movement. In the examples in (2), the alternation between the word initial lenis stop /p/ on the one hand, and its aspirated or tense counterpart on the other, signals a connotation shift in the speed and force of the movement, but curiously not in the size of the circle or of the moving object. These means of changing the connotation of words are highly productive in the sense that, given a basic word that belongs to the category of sound symbolic words, native speakers can predict the form and connotation of the paired member resulting from the phoneme alternation.

scholarly journals Stereoselective Hydrostannation of Diacrylate and Dimethacrylate Esters of Galactaric Acid Derivatives: Cyclohydrostannation vs. Diaddition

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
V. Fabricio Terraza ◽  
Darío C. Gerbino ◽  
Julio C. Podestá
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organotin Compounds ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Galactaric Acid ◽  
The One ◽  
New Compounds

This paper reports a study on the free radical hydrostannation of ((4S,4′R,5R,5′S)-2,2,2′,2′-tetramethyl-[4,4′-bi(1,3-dioxolane)]-5,5′-diyl)bis(diphenyl methylene) diacrylate (1) and dimethacrylate (2) with triorganotin hydrides, R3SnH (R = Me, n-Bu, Ph). Preliminary investigations show that these reactions could lead to mixtures of products of cyclohydrostannation and/or mono- or diaddition according to the organotin hydrides employed and the reaction conditions used. The addition of Me3SnH to 1 afforded a mixture of three organotin compounds from which the pure new 13-membered macrodiolide 3 (48%) was obtained. The other two organotins could not be separated. The addition of n-Bu3SnH to diester 1 led to a mixture of two organotins, the one in major proportion (91%) being the product of diaddition 7. The minor product 6a (9%) could not be isolated pure. The hydrostannation of 1 with Ph3SnH led to one organotin: The product of diaddition 8. The hydrostannation of the dimethacrylate 2 with the organotin hydrides R3SnH (R = Me, n-Bu, Ph) under the same reaction conditions, led in the three cases to mixtures containing mainly diaddition products, and no cyclization products were detected. Some physical characteristics of the new compounds including selected values of 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMRs are included.

scholarly journals The Semantics of Solidarity: Radical Vulnerability and Gendered Language in Elia Barceló’s Consecuencias naturales

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-211
Author(s):  
Marit Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gendered Language ◽  
The One

In Elia Barceló’s novel, Consecuencias naturales, both protagonists undergo biological interventions that cause them to share some or all of the physical characteristics attributed to a gender unlike the one with which they identify. It also deliberately employs gendered language to mount critiques of the heteronormative societal structures that this language reflects. I argue that the trajectory of the protagonists’ experiences suggests that physical embodiment is not enough to and engage in radical vulnerability with the Other. Instead, radical discursive change is needed to create a mutually understood linguistic paradigm in which both parties may empathize with the other’s positionality and lived experience.

Attitudes toward HIV-positives in dependence on their sexual orientation * Footnote. The author wishes to thank Margit E. Oswald and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper.

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hergovich ◽  
Elisabeth Ratky ◽  
Marc Stollreiter
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexual Morality ◽  
Just World ◽  
Positive Target ◽  
The One ◽  
Hiv Aids

Homosexual HIV-positives suffer under a double stigma. Moreover, many heterosexuals still associate HIV/AIDS with homosexuality ( Herek & Capitanio, 1999 ). This study examined the connection between belief in a just world, sexual morality and values on the one hand and attitudes towards HIV-positives on the other. Hundred and ninety-nine subjects evaluated an HIV-positive target (homosexual for half of the subjects, heterosexual for the other half) by means of a semantic differential. Results: in general, homosexual HIV-positives were evaluated more negatively than heterosexual HIV-positives. A moderated regression analysis showed a significant effect of values on the rating of the target.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

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