scholarly journals Hypoxia and Microvascular Alterations Are Early Predictors of IDH-Mutated Anaplastic Glioma Recurrence

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Andreas Stadlbauer ◽  
Stefan Oberndorfer ◽  
Gertraud Heinz ◽  
Max Zimmermann ◽  
Thomas M. Kinfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anaplastic Gliomas ◽  
Glioma Recurrence ◽  
One Year

Anaplastic gliomas (AG) represents aggressive brain tumors that often affect young adults. Although isocitrate-dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutation has been identified as a more favorable prognostic factor, most IDH-mutated AG patients are confronted with tumor recurrence. Hence, increased knowledge about pathophysiological precursors of AG recurrence is urgently needed in order to develop precise diagnostic monitoring and tailored therapeutic approaches. In this study, 142 physiological magnetic resonance imaging (phyMRI) follow-up examinations in 60 AG patients after standard therapy were evaluated and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker maps for microvascular architecture and perfusion, neovascularization activity, oxygen metabolism, and hypoxia calculated. From these 60 patients, 34 patients developed recurrence of the AG, and 26 patients showed no signs for AG recurrence during the study period. The time courses of MRI biomarker changes were analyzed regarding early pathophysiological alterations over a one-year period before radiological AG recurrence or a one-year period of stable disease for patients without recurrence, respectively. We detected intensifying local tissue hypoxia 250 days prior to radiological recurrence which initiated upregulation of neovascularization activity 50 to 70 days later. These changes were associated with a switch from an avascular infiltrative to a vascularized proliferative phenotype of the tumor cells another 30 days later. The dynamic changes of blood perfusion, microvessel density, neovascularization activity, and oxygen metabolism showed a close physiological interplay in the one-year period prior to radiological recurrence of IDH-mutated AG. These findings may path the wave for implementing both new MR-based imaging modalities for routine follow-up monitoring of AG patients after standard therapy and furthermore may support the development of novel, tailored therapy options in recurrent AG.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Motor Functional Outcomes and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns of Muscle Involvement in Upper Limbs in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Claudia Brogna ◽  
Lara Cristiano ◽  
Tommaso Verdolotti ◽  
Giulia Norcia ◽  
Luana Ficociello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Muscle Mri ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Age Range

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes using both upper limb muscle Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at shoulder, arm and forearm levels and Performance of upper limb (PUL) in ambulant and non-ambulant Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients. We also wished to define whether baseline muscle MRI could help to predict functional changes after one year. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven patients had both baseline and 12month muscle MRI and PUL assessments one year later. Results: Ten were ambulant (age range 5–16 years), and 17 non ambulant (age range 10–30 years). Increased abnormalities equal or more than 1.5 point on muscle MRI at follow up were found on all domains: at shoulder level 12/27 patients (44%), at arm level 4/27 (15%) and at forearm level 6/27 (22%). Lower follow up PUL score were found in 8/27 patients (30%) at shoulder level, in 9/27 patients (33%) at mid-level whereas no functional changes were found at distal level. There was no constant association between baseline MRI scores and follow up PUL scores at arm and forearm levels but at shoulder level patients with moderate impairment on the baseline MRI scores between 16 and 34 had the highest risk of decreased function on PUL over a year. Conclusions: Our results confirmed that the integrated use of functional scales and imaging can help to monitor functional and MRI changes over time.

scholarly journals Correlation between early magnetic resonance imaging brain abnormalities in term infants with perinatal asphyxia and neuro developmental outcome at one year

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1957
Author(s):  
Arun Puliyasserimana Satheesan ◽  
Ashwini R. Chinnappa ◽  
Guruprasad Goudar ◽  
Chaitali Raghoji
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
One Year

Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is an important cause of permanent brain damage in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is valuable in predicting prognosis following HIE.Methods: Prospective observational cohort study was conducted in tertiary level referral hospital in term infants born with perinatal asphyxia. MRI brain was done between 5 to 14 days of age. Anthropometry and neurological examinations were recorded at birth, discharge and follow-up. Denver developmental screening test II was performed at follow up.Results: Out of 174 neonates born with PA, enrolled 64 underwent MRI brain. Out of these 14% had stage I, 70% stage II and 16 % stage III HIE as per Sarnat staging. At follow up, abnormalities in tone were noted in 36% infants, which included spastic quadriplegia in 34% and atonic cerebral palsy in 2%. DDST II was normal in 32 and suspect in 18 (36%) infants; with global developmental delay in 14 (28%) and predominantly motor development delay in 4 (8%). Abnormal lesions were seen in the corpus callosum in 34 (68%), posterior limb of internal capsule in 14 (28%), basal ganglia in 11 (22%), watershed region in 6 (12%), thalamus in 4 (8%) and corticospinal tract in 1 (2%) infants were associated with statistical significant poor neurodevelopment outcome p<0.05. Diffusion weighted MRI showed abnormalities in the posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) in 27 (54%), BG in 8 (16%) and thalamus in 2 (4%) infants was associated with statistically significant poor neurodevelopmental outcome (NDO) (p<0.05).Conclusions: Lesion in BG, thalamic region and PLIC in conventional MRI and abnormality in DW imaging in PLIC and BG were found to correlate with poor NDO at one year of life.

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