scholarly journals Racial Differences in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence and Risk Factors among a Low Socioeconomic Population

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3710
Author(s):  
Sylvie Muhimpundu ◽  
Rebecca Baqiyyah N. Conway ◽  
Shaneda Warren Andersen ◽  
Loren Lipworth ◽  
Mark D. Steinwandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Southeastern Us

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in risk factors associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among White and African Americans from low socioeconomic backgrounds in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). The SCCS is a prospective cohort study with participants from the southeastern US. HCC incidence rates were calculated. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate HCC-adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) associated with known baseline HCC risk factors for White and African Americans, separately. There were 294 incident HCC. The incidence rate ratio for HCC was higher (IRR = 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1–1.9) in African Americans compared to White Americans. White Americans saw a stronger association between self-reported hepatitis C virus (aHR = 19.24, 95%CI: 10.58–35.00) and diabetes (aHR = 3.55, 95%CI: 1.96–6.43) for the development of HCC compared to African Americans (aHR = 7.73, 95%CI: 5.71–10.47 and aHR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.06–2.06, respectively) even though the prevalence of these risk factors was similar between races. Smoking (aHR = 2.91, 95%CI: 1.87–4.52) and heavy alcohol consumption (aHR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.19–2.11) were significantly associated with HCC risk among African Americans only. In this large prospective cohort, we observed racial differences in HCC incidence and risk factors associated with HCC among White and African Americans.

scholarly journals Racial Differences in Liver Cancer Incidence and Risk Factors Among a Low Socioeconomic Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Muhimpundu ◽  
Baqiyyah N Conway ◽  
Shaneda Warren Andersen ◽  
Loren Lipworth ◽  
Mark D. Steinwandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Liver cancer incidence in the United States is higher among African Americans compared to Whites. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in risk factors associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among Whites and African Americans from low socioeconomic backgrounds in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Methods: The SCCS is a prospective cohort study with participants from the southeastern US. HCC incidence rates were calculated. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate HCC adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) associated with known baseline HCC risk factors for Whites and African Americans, separately. Results: There were 294 incident HCC. The incidence rate ratio for HCCwas higher (IRR=1.4, 95%CI: 1.1-1.9) in African Americans compared to Whites. Whites saw a stronger association between self-reported Hepatitis C Virus (aHR= 19.24, 95%CI: 10.58-35.00) and diabetes (aHR= 3.55, 95%CI: 1.96-6.43) for the development of HCCcompared to African Americans (aHR= 7.73, 95%CI: 5.71-10.47 and aHR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.06-2.06, respectively) even though the prevalence of these risk factors was similar between races. Smoking (aHR= 2.91, 95%CI: 1.87-4.52) and heavy alcohol consumption (aHR= 1.59, 95%CI: 1.19-2.11) were significantly associated with HCC risk among African Americans only. Conclusions: In this large prospective cohort, we observed racial differences in HCC incidence and risk factors associated with HCC among African Americans and Whites. Impact: Understanding HCC risk differences can assist prevention strategies that target people at high risk, potentially based on risk factors that differ by race.

SYMPTOMS AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FIRST UTI IN COLLEGE-AGED WOMEN: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2009 ◽  
Vol 181 (4S) ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
Charles R Vincent ◽  
Mary Brown ◽  
Leticia Reyes ◽  
Benjamin K Canales ◽  
Keith Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Factors Associated

Risk Factors for Relapse of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis in Japan: A Nationwide, Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Hara ◽  
Takashi Wada ◽  
Ken-ei Sada ◽  
Koichi Amano ◽  
Hiroaki Dobashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Factors Associated

Objective.The aim was to elucidate the prognosis and risk factors associated with relapse during longterm remission maintenance therapy for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).Methods.Patients with newly diagnosed AAV (n = 156) were registered in the Remission Induction Therapy in Japanese patients with ANCA-associated Vasculitides (RemIT-JAV) study, and among them, 83 patients who achieved remission were enrolled and followed up for 24 additional months in our nationwide, prospective cohort study (Co-RemIT-JAV; registration number UMIN 000006373). Patterns of maintenance therapy, effectiveness, and safety were evaluated from months 25 to 48 after the RemIT-JAV. The primary outcome measure was the rate of relapse. Secondary outcome measures included overall and renal survival, risk factors associated with relapse, and incidence rates of serious infections.Results.The patients comprised 35 men and 48 women aged 65.3 ± 12.6 years. Between months 25 and 48, the survival rate was 95% (79/83). Causes of death included 1 thyroid cancer, 1 infection, and 2 unknown reasons. Four patients had developed endstage renal disease (ESRD) by Month 24; 1 developed ESRD beyond Month 25. The relapse rate was 24% (20/83) from months 25 to 48. Multivariable analysis revealed that oral prednisolone ≤ 2.5 mg/day at Month 24 was a significant risk factor for relapse between months 25 and 48 (HR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.5).Conclusion.One-quarter of patients with AAV relapsed during maintenance therapy, and relapse was associated with the dose of oral prednisolone 24 months after the initiation of remission induction therapy in Japan.

Symptoms and Risk Factors Associated with First Urinary Tract Infection in College Age Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 904-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Vincent ◽  
Tami L. Thomas ◽  
Leticia Reyes ◽  
C. LeAnn White ◽  
Benjamin K. Canales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
College Age

scholarly journals Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma by age, sex, and liver disorder status: A prospective cohort study in Korea

Cancer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (13) ◽  
pp. 2748-2757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Wook Yi ◽  
Ja-Sung Choi ◽  
Jee-Jeon Yi ◽  
Yong-ho Lee ◽  
Ki Jun Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Liver Disorder
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