scholarly journals Metal-Catalyzed Synthesis and Transformations of β-Haloenol Esters

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victorio Cadierno
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemistry ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

In the last years there has been an increasing interest in the search for protocols to obtain β-haloenol esters in an efficient and selective manner as they are versatile building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry. In this article, metal-catalyzed transformations allowing the access to both acyclic and cyclic (i.e., haloenol lactones) β-haloenol esters are reviewed. Metal-catalyzed reactions in which these molecules participate as substrates are also discussed.

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydrofunctionalization Reactions of 1,3-Diynes

Catalysts ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Victorio Cadierno
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Triple Bond ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemistry ◽  
Carbocyclic Compounds ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization reactions of alkynes, i.e., the addition of Y–H units (Y = heteroatom or carbon) across the carbon–carbon triple bond, have attracted enormous attention for decades since they allow the straightforward and atom-economic access to a wide variety of functionalized olefins and, in its intramolecular version, to relevant heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds. Despite conjugated 1,3-diynes being considered key building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry, this particular class of alkynes has been much less employed in hydrofunctionalization reactions when compared to terminal or internal monoynes. The presence of two C≡C bonds in conjugated 1,3-diynes adds to the classical regio- and stereocontrol issues associated with the alkyne hydrofunctionalization processes’ other problems, such as the possibility to undergo 1,2-, 3,4-, or 1,4-monoadditions as well as double addition reactions, thus increasing the number of potential products that can be formed. In this review article, metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization reactions of these challenging substrates are comprehensively discussed.

Transition metal-catalyzed sp3 C–H activation and intramolecular C–N coupling to construct nitrogen heterocyclic scaffolds

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (87) ◽  
pp. 13048-13065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Qiuhong Wang ◽  
Yiyuan Peng ◽  
Zhiyuan Chen ◽  
Changfeng Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemistry ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocyclic

Nitrogen heterocycles are of great medicinal importance, and the construction of nitrogen heterocyclic scaffolds has been one of the focuses in synthetic organic chemistry.

scholarly journals Molecular Capsule Catalysis: Ready to Address Current Challenges in Synthetic Organic Chemistry?

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 561-568
Author(s):  
Ivana Némethová ◽  
Leonidas-Dimitrios Syntrivanis ◽  
Konrad Tiefenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Molecular Capsules ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemistry ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Molecular Capsule ◽  
Hydrophobic Binding ◽  
Binding Pockets ◽  
Self Assembled

Self-assembled molecular capsules, host structures that form spontaneously when their building blocks are mixed, have been known since the 1990s. They share some basic similarities with enzyme pockets, as they feature defined hydrophobic binding pockets that are able to bind molecules of appropriate size and shape. The potential to utilize such host structures for catalysis has been explored since their discovery; however, applications that solve current challenges in synthetic organic chemistry have remained limited. In this short article, we discuss the challenges associated with the use of molecular capsules as catalysts, and highlight some recent applications of supramolecular capsules to overcome challenges in synthetic organic chemistry.

Ionic Liquid Promoted Eco-friendly and Efficient Synthesis of Six-membered Npolyheterocycles

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1124-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Reaction Media

Background: The synthesis of N-polyheterocycles by environmentally benign method is highly attractive but challenging proposition. New strategies have been developed for the preparation of polycyclic heterocycles in the last decades. In this review article, the synthesis of nitrogen containing six-membered polycyclic heterocyclic compounds is presented with the application of ionic liquids. This contribution focuses on the literature related to the total synthesis of six-membered N-polyheterocycles. Objective: Ionic liquids not only acted as environmentally benign reaction media but also as catalysts which afforded the very promising replacements of traditional molecular solvents in organic chemistry due to their stability, non-flammability, non-volatility and ease of recyclability. Ionic liquids are utilized in metal catalyzed reactions in place of organic solvents in the last years. It has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Ionic liquids acted as alternatives of organic solvents and these ILs are environment friendly. Conclusion: In the area of green chemistry ionic liquid assisted synthesis is a very promising technique which afforded a flexible platform for the formation of heterocycles. The influence of ILs on the development of efficient and new synthetic protocols over the last decade for the construction of N-polyheterocycles is featured in this review article. These synthetic strategies will continue to attract more attention and will find a wide range of applications in organic synthesis. In conclusion, ionic liquids assisted syntheses have become an efficient and powerful tool in organic chemistry quickly.

Alkylation Reactions with Alkylsulfonium Salts

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze-Yu Tian ◽  
Yu Ma ◽  
Cheng-Pan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organometallic Reagents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Alkylation Reactions

Application of alkylsulfonium salts as alkyl transfer reagents in organic synthesis has reemerged over the past years. Numerous heteroatom- and carbon-centered nucleophiles, alkenes, arenes, alkynes, organometallic reagents, and others were readily alkylated by alkylsulfonium salts under mild conditions. The reactions feature convenience, high efficiency, readily accessible and structurally diversified alkylation reagents, good functional group tolerance, and a wide range of substrate types, allowing for facile synthesis of various useful organic molecules from the commercially available building blocks. This review summarizes the alkylation reactions using either isolated or in situ formed alkylsulfonium salts via nucleophilic substitution, transition-metal-catalyzed reactions, and photoredox processes.

scholarly journals Metal catalyzed defunctionalization reactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanu Modak ◽  
Debabrata Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemistry ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

The chronological development of metal assisted defunctionalization reactions is discussed from the stoichiometric to the catalytic stage with their application in synthetic organic chemistry.

scholarly journals Transition Metal Catalyzed Azidation Reactions

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173
Author(s):  
Roberto Sala ◽  
Camilla Loro ◽  
Francesca Foschi ◽  
Gianluigi Broggini
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Organic Azides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bonds ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Vinyl Azides ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

A wide range of methodologies for the preparation of organic azides has been reported in the literature for many decades, due to their interest as building blocks for different transformations and their applications in biology as well as in materials science. More recently, with the spread of the use of transition metal-catalyzed reactions, new perspectives have also materialized in azidation processes, especially concerning the azidation of C–H bonds and direct difunctionalization of multiple carbon-carbon bonds. In this review, special emphasis will be placed on reactions involving substrates bearing a leaving group, hydroazidation reactions and azidation reactions that proceed with the formation of more than one bond. Further reactions for the preparation of allyl and vinyl azides as well as for azidations involving the opening of a ring complete the classification of the material.

Reactions of Arynes Involving Transition-Metal Catalysis

Synthesis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 4414-4433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Jiang ◽  
Minghao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Multicomponent Reactions ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Metal Catalysis ◽  
Cascade Cyclizations ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Harsh Conditions

Arynes are important building blocks for introducing aromatic rings into molecules and they are frequently utilized in syntheses. Historically, arynes were generated under harsh conditions and this limited their use. Arynes can now be generated under milder conditions, e.g. from 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate, and utilized in transition-metal­ catalyzed reactions such as [2+2+2] reactions, insertion into σ-bonds, cascade cyclizations and C–H activation reactions. This short review focuses on transition-metal-catalyzed reactions relevant to aryne intermediates generated from 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflates and other aryne precursors.1 Introduction2 [2+2+2] Reactions3 Aryne Insertion into a σ-Bond4 Cascade Cyclizations5 C–H Activation6 Multicomponent Reactions (MCRs)7 Conclusion

1,2-Dihaloalkenes in Metal-Catalyzed Reactions

Synthesis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (16) ◽  
pp. 3087-3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Daoust ◽  
Nicolas Gilbert ◽  
Paméla Casault ◽  
François Ladouceur ◽  
Simon Ricard
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Bond Forming Reactions ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

1,2-Dihaloalkenes readily undergo simultaneous or sequential difunctionalization through transition-metal-catalyzed reactions, which makes them attractive building blocks for complex unsaturated motifs. This review summarizes recent applications of such transformations in C–C and C–heteroatom bond forming processes. The facile synthesis of stereodefined alkene derivatives, as well as aromatic and heteroatomic­ compounds, from 1,2-dihaloalkenes is thus outlined.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of 1,2-Dihaloalkenes3 C–C Bond Forming Reactions4 C–Heteroatom Bond Forming Reactions5 Conclusion

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