Multicomponent Reactions Among Alkyl Isocyanides, sp reactants, and sp2 Carbon Cages

We explored the reactivity and substrate scope of the reactions among an alkyl isocyanide, an sp-hybridized reactant (i.e. alkyne or allene), and a carbon cage, as a new approach to functionalize fullerenes and metallofullerenes. This account summarizes the key findings in our recent published work, and some original data for the reaction involving an isocyanide, allenes, and metallofullerene Lu3N@C80.

A Greener Approach for Synthesis of Quinoline-3-carboxylate Building Block and their Biological Screening

The analogs of nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a value of more than 75% of drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. Among many N-containing heterocycles, quinolines have become important due to their variety of applications in medicinal, synthetic organic chemistry as well as in the field of industrial chemistry. Present work gives information about the green and clean synthesis using multicomponent reactions (MCRs) methods and L-proline and ammonium acetate as a catalyst for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives. Synthesized quinoline derivatives undergo spectroscopic analysis and their biological evaluation.

Recent Advances in the Application of Barbituric Acid Derivatives in Multicomponent Reactions

Barbituric acid is a pyrimidine heterocyclic organic compound, which is pharmacologically active. It is important to build structures containing various medicinal activities. This compound attracts the scientific research community in organic synthesis. It can be used in the synthesis of polyheterocyclic, natural, medicinal compounds, and organic sensors. Herein, the utilization of barbituric or thiobarbituric acid in multicomponent reactions is reported from 2016-2021 in this manuscript.

Catalytic Approaches to Multicomponent Reactions: A Critical Review and Perspectives on the Roles of Catalysis

In this review, we comprehensively describe catalyzed multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and the multiple roles of catalysis combined with key parameters to perform these transformations. Besides improving yields and shortening reaction times, catalysis is vital to achieving greener protocols and to furthering the MCR field of research. Considering that MCRs typically have two or more possible reaction pathways to explain the transformation, catalysis is essential for selecting a reaction route and avoiding byproduct formation. Key parameters, such as temperature, catalyst amounts and reagent quantities, were analyzed. Solvent effects, which are likely the most neglected topic in MCRs, as well as their combined roles with catalysis, are critically discussed. Stereocontrolled MCRs, rarely observed without the presence of a catalytic system, are also presented and discussed in this review. Perspectives on the use of catalytic systems for improved and greener MCRs are finally presented.

6’-Amino-5,7-Dibromo-2-Oxo-3’-(Trifluoromethyl)-1’H-Spiro[Indoline-3,4’-Pyrano[2,3-c]Pyrazole]-5’-Carbonitrile

The multicomponent reactions are environmentally benign synthetic methods of building-up of complex molecules and several levels of structural diversity for diverse applications. Spirooxindoles are an important synthetic target possessing extended biological activity and drug discovery applications. In this communication, the multicomponent transformation of 5,7-dibromoisatin, malononitrile, and 5-(trifluoromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one in EtOH at reflux in the presence of sodium acetate was carefully investigated to give 6’-amino-5,7-dibromo-2-oxo-3’-(trifluoromethyl)-1’H-spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole]-5’-carbonitrile in excellent yield. The structure of the new compound was established by means of elemental analysis, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared spectroscopy.

Multicomponent Synthesis of Dimethyl 2-(2,4-Diamino-3- cyano-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)malonate

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used as a solvent in organic synthesis and in pharmacology because of its low cost, stability, and non-toxicity. Multicomponent reactions are a powerful synthetic tool for the rapid and efficient construction of complicated molecular frameworks. In this communication, the multicomponent transformation of salicylaldehyde, malononitrile dimer, and dimethyl malonate in DMSO at room temperature was carefully investigated to give dimethyl 2-(2,4-diamino-3-cyano-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)malonate with good yield. The structure of the new compound was established by means of elemental analysis and mass, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared spectroscopy.