scholarly journals Efficient Waste to Energy Conversion Based on Co-CeO2 Catalyzed Water-Gas Shift Reaction

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Jin Kim ◽  
Yeol-Lim Lee ◽  
Hyun-Suk Na ◽  
Seon-Yong Ahn ◽  
Jae-Oh Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Waste to energy technology is attracting attention to overcome the upcoming environmental and energy issues. One of the key-steps is the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, which can convert the waste-derived synthesis gas (H2 and CO) to pure hydrogen. Co–CeO2 catalysts were synthesized by the different methods to derive the optimal synthetic method and to investigate the effect of the preparation method on the physicochemical characteristics of Co–CeO2 catalysts in the high-temperature water-gas shift (HTS) reaction. The Co–CeO2 catalyst synthesized by the sol-gel method featured a strong metal to support interaction and the largest number of oxygen vacancies compared to other catalysts, which affects the catalytic activity. As a result, the Co–CeO2 catalyst synthesized by the sol-gel method exhibited the highest WGS activity among the prepared catalysts, even in severe conditions (high CO concentration: ~38% in dry basis and high gas hourly space velocity: 143,000 h−1).

scholarly journals Use of industrial and sol-gel catalysts in the removal of co from autonomous fuel cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 37708-37716
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Temperature Water

The low-temperature water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) is already used in several industrial chemical processes. However, interest in this reaction has increased significantly in the last few years because of the advances in fuel cell technology and the need to develop compact reformers for the production of pure hydrogen streams (free from CO). In the present work, the WGSR was carried out on copper-based supported catalysts, one of them already used in the industry and the other one prepared using the sol-gel method with the same composition as the industrial catalyst. The synthesized sol-gel catalyst presented excellent catalytic performance, with a very stable CO conversion of around 60%. The high activity and stability of the sol-gel catalyst were mainly attributed to its large metal surface area and high copper dispersion.

scholarly journals Bismuth Oxide Prepared by Sol-Gel Method: Variation of Physicochemical Characteristics and Photocatalytic Activity Due to Difference in Calcination Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yayuk Astuti ◽  
Brigita Maria Listyani ◽  
Linda Suyati ◽  
Adi Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Body Center Cubic

Research on synthesis of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) using sol-gel method with varying calcination temperatures at 500, 600, and 700 °C has been done. This study aims to determine the effect of calcination temperature on the characteristics of the obtained products which encompasses crystal structure, surface morphology, band-gap energy, and photocatalytic activity for the decolorization of methyl orange dyes through its kinetic study. Bismuth oxide prepared by sol-gel method was undertaken by dissolving Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and citric acid in HNO3. The mixture was stirred then heated at 100 °C. The gel formed was dried in the oven and then calcined at 500, 600, and 700 °C for 5 h. The obtained products were a pale yellow powder, indicating the formation of bismuth oxide. This is confirmed by the existence of Bi–O and Bi–O–Bi functional groups through FTIR analysis. All three products possess the same mixed crystal structures of α-Bi2O3 (monoclinic) and γ-Bi2O3 (body center cubic), but their morphologies and band gap values are different. The higher the calcination temperature, the larger the particle size and the smaller the band gap value. The accumulative differences in characteristics appoint SG700 to have the highest photocatalytic activity compared to SG600 and SG500 as indicated by its percent degradation value and decolorization rate constant.

Viability of Au/CeO2-ZnO/Al2O3Catalysts for Pure Hydrogen Production by the Water-Gas Shift Reaction

ChemCatChem ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Ramírez Reina ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Juan José Delgado ◽  
Ivan Ivanov ◽  
Vasko Idakiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

scholarly journals A versatile sol–gel coating for mixed oxides on nanoporous gold and their application in the water gas shift reaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 5311-5319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Shi ◽  
Christoph Mahr ◽  
M. Mangir Murshed ◽  
Volkmar Zielasek ◽  
Andreas Rosenauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nanoporous Gold ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Ceria–titania mixed oxides on a structured nanoporous gold support result in highly active and durable catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction.

Process Development for Hydrogen Production via Water-Gas Shift Reaction Using Aspen HYSYS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idowu Iyabo Olateju ◽  
Crowei Gibson-Dick ◽  
Steve Chidinma Oluwatomi Egede ◽  
Abdulwahab Giwa
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

The development of a process for the production of hydrogen through water-gas shift reaction has been developed and simulated in this work using Aspen HYSYS. This was achieved by picking the pieces of process equipment of the plant from the appropriate section of the Aspen HYSYS environment and connecting them together through appropriate streams. In addition, the components involved in the process were selected from the Aspen HYSYS databank. Peng-Robinson Stryjek-Vera (PRSV) was used as the fluid package of the developed process for property estimation during the simulation. The reaction of the process was modelled as an equilibrium type, the equilibrium constant of which was estimated using Gibbs Free Energy. From the results obtained, it has been established that pure hydrogen can be obtained from a plant comprising of a mixer, a reactor (with approximately 80.07% conversion of the reactants), a separator and two heat exchangers based on the fact that the mole fraction, the mass fraction and the volume fraction of hydrogen obtained from the simulation carried out when carbon monoxide and steam were passed into the process plant at room temperature (25 °C) and boiling temperature of water (100 °C), respectively under atmospheric pressure was approximately 1.

scholarly journals Comparative Study Between Aluminum Monolith and Foam as Carriers for The Intensification of The CO Water Gas Shift Process

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Palma ◽  
Domenico Pisano ◽  
Marco Martino
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Material Transport ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Structured Catalysts ◽  
High Space ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

A comparison between the effect of different highly thermal conductive carriers on the performance of Pt/CeO2/Al2O3-based structured catalysts in a water–gas shift reaction, was reported. The structured catalysts were prepared by means of washcoating two carriers, a flow through aluminum monolith and an open cell aluminum foam, with the same contact surface and the same chemical composition of the washcoat. The experiments were carried out under stressful conditions (no dilution and high space velocity), so as to minimize the thermal dispersions and to highlight the effect of the thermal conductivity of the carriers and the material transport phenomena. Both of the catalysts showed a substantially flat thermal profile, while the carbon monoxide conversion was higher with the foam-based catalyst, as a result of the higher temperatures reached. The experimental results were validated with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation by using the finite elements software, COMSOL Multiphysics®. Through the simulation results, it was also possible to investigate the effects of transport phenomena on the two catalytic systems, such as mass and heat transfer.

Case Study

2018 ◽  
pp. 216-241
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Rangel ◽  
Amalia Luz Costa Pereira ◽  
Gustavo Marchetti ◽  
Peterson Santos Querino ◽  
Alberto Albornoz
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

The effect of zirconium on the textural and catalytic properties of magnetite for the water gas shift reaction (WGSR) at high temperatures was studied in this chapter. The reaction is an important step in the industrial production of pure hydrogen. Samples with different amounts of zirconium (Zr/Fe (molar)= 0.1; 0.2;0.3; 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared from the decomposition of iron(III)hydroxoacetate doped with zirconium. It was found that zirconium increased the specific surface area of magnetite acting as spacer on the surface where it keeps the particles apart. Except for the zirconium-poorest solid, tetragonal zirconia was detected besides magnetite for all solids. Zirconium increased the intrinsic activity of the catalysts, stabilized the specific surface areas during reaction, and made the magnetite reduction to metallic iron more difficult. The zirconium-poorest is more active than magnetite and more resistant against deactivation by sintering and overreduction being attractive for WGSR.

Water Gas Shift Reaction in Pd-Based Membrane Reactors

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Basile ◽  
Pietro Pinacci ◽  
Silvano Tosti ◽  
Marcello De Falco ◽  
Claudio Evangelisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Shift Reaction ◽  
Water Gas

Water-gas shift reaction is an important industrial reaction, used for producing synthesis gas and ammonia as well as pure hydrogen for supplying at PEM fuel cells. In this work, an overview on water gas shift reaction performed in Pd-based membrane reactors is shown, paying particular attention to the influence on the performances of some operating variables such as reaction temperature, reaction pressure, H2O/CO molar ratio and sweep gas.

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