Assessment of the Impact of Trace Elements in FAME Biodiesel on Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Activity after Full Lifetime of Operation in A Heavy-Duty Truck

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biodiesel contains some trace amounts of Na, K, P, Ca, and Mg. Our objective was to investigate whether the presence of such elements can poison a diesel oxidation catalyst that has been used for an entire regulatory lifetime in a heavy-duty truck fueled by FAME biodiesel. The investigated vehicle-aged catalyst contained high loadings of S, P, and Na, as well as a visible layer of soot. Activity in the NO oxidation reaction was severely decreased compared to a fresh catalyst of the same type, while the CO and C3H6 oxidation reactions were less affected. Subsequent selective trace element removal procedures, followed by activity tests, were used to decouple the effect of different poisons. Sintering was observed to be the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Of the trace elements present on the catalyst, P had the greatest effect on catalyst activity, while the other trace elements had little effect.

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The Effect of a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst and a Catalyzed Particulate Filter on the Emissions from a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

10.4271/2006-01-0875 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Venkata R. Lakkireddy ◽

Hasan Mohammed ◽

John H. Johnson ◽

Susan T. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Particulate Filter ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Diesel Oxidation ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Catalyzed Particulate Filter

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Fuel Dosing on a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst for After-Treatment System Heating on a Heavy-Duty Engine Powered by Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers

10.4271/2020-01-2157 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander D. Gelner ◽

Christian Pastoetter ◽

Harald A. Beck ◽

Martin Härtl ◽

Georg Wachtmeister

Keyword(s):

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Treatment System ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers ◽

Diesel Oxidation

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The Effect of Pt:Pd Ratio on Heavy-Duty Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Performance: An Experimental and Modeling Study

SAE International Journal of Engines ◽

10.4271/2015-01-1052 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1271-1282 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Bijesh M. Shakya ◽

Balaji Sukumar ◽

Yaritza M. López-De Jesús ◽

Penelope Markatou

Keyword(s):

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Diesel Oxidation ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Modeling Study

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Biofuel blend late post-injection effects on oil dilution and diesel oxidation catalyst performance

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1177/1468087417736466 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 941-951 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aki Tilli ◽

Tuomo Hulkkonen ◽

Ossi Kaario ◽

Martti Larmi ◽

Teemu Sarjovaara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Diesel Oxidation

In this article, the effects of different biofuel–diesel blends on engine oil dilution and diesel oxidation catalyst performance during late post-injections were investigated. The engine tests were made with an off-road diesel engine under low load conditions at 1200 r/min engine speed. During the experiments, oil samples were periodically taken from the engine oil and later analyzed. Emissions and temperatures before and after the diesel oxidation catalyst were also measured. The fuels studied were fossil EN590:2013 diesel fuel, 30 vol.% biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) and 30 vol.% hydrotreated vegetable oil, which is a paraffinic diesel fuel fulfilling the EN15940 specification. The novelty of the study is based on two parts. First, similar late post-injection tests were run with blends of both hydrotreated vegetable oil and fatty acid methyl ester, giving a rare comparison with the fuels. Second, oil dilution and the fuel exit rates during normal mode without the late post-injections were measured. The results showed the oil dilution and the diesel oxidation catalyst performance to be very similar with regular diesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil blend. With the fatty acid methyl ester blend, increased oil dilution, smaller temperature rise in the diesel oxidation catalyst and higher emissions were measured. This indicates that during diesel particulate filter regeneration by late post-injections, fatty acid methyl ester blends increase fuel consumption and require shorter oil change intervals, while hydrotreated vegetable oil blends require no parameter changes.

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The impact of CO and C3H6 pulses on PtO reduction and NO oxidation in a diesel oxidation catalyst

Applied Catalysis B Environmental ◽

10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.08.004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 181 ◽

pp. 644-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Adéla Arvajová ◽

Petr Kočí ◽

Volker Schmeißer ◽

Michel Weibel

Keyword(s):

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

No Oxidation ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Diesel Oxidation ◽

The Impact

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Microstructural Characteristics of Vehicle-Aged Heavy-Duty Diesel Oxidation Catalyst and Natural Gas Three-Way Catalyst

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal9020137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 137 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tomi Kanerva ◽

Mari Honkanen ◽

Tanja Kolli ◽

Olli Heikkinen ◽

Kauko Kallinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Real Life ◽

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Oxidation Catalyst ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

X Ray ◽

Ageing Effects ◽

Diesel Oxidation

Techniques to control vehicle engine emissions have been under increasing need for development during the last few years in the more and more strictly regulated society. In this study, vehicle-aged heavy-duty catalysts from diesel and natural gas engines were analyzed using a cross-sectional electron microscopy method with both a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. Also, additional supporting characterization methods including X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and catalytic performance analyses were used to reveal the ageing effects. Structural and elemental investigations were performed on these samples, and the effect of real-life ageing of the catalyst was studied in comparison with fresh catalyst samples. In the real-life use of two different catalysts, the poison penetration varied greatly depending on the engine and fuel at hand: the diesel oxidation catalyst appeared to suffer more thorough changes than the natural gas catalyst, which was affected only in the inlet part of the catalyst. The most common poison, sulphur, in the diesel oxidation catalyst was connected to cerium-rich areas. On the other hand, the severities of the ageing effects were more pronounced in the natural gas catalyst, with heavy structural changes in the washcoat and high concentrations of poisons, mainly zinc, phosphorus and silicon, on the surface of the inlet part.

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