scholarly journals The Effects of Different Exercise Modalities in the Treatment of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Adolescents with Sedentary Behavior—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1062
Author(s):  
Daxin Li ◽  
Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Purpose: Obesity has become increasingly prevalent in adolescents due to unhealthy diet habits, sedentary behavior and a lack of physical activities. This study aims to assess the effects of different exercise modalities in the treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) in obese adolescents with sedentary behavior. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, CNKI and VIP database) from the earliest available date to August 2021. Nineteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 704 participants were included. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality by the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and a statistical analysis was performed by the Review Manage 5.3 and Stata 15.1 software. Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed that exercise could significantly improve obese adolescents’ body mass index (BMI) (MD = −1.99, 95% CI: −2.81 to −1.17, p < 0.00001), low density liptein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD = −0.98, 95% CI: −1.58 to −0.37, p = 0.002), triglyceride (TG) (SMD = −0.93, 95% CI: −1.72 to −0.14, p = 0.02), total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = −1.00, 95% CI: −1.73 to −0.26, p = 0.008), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) (MD = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.52 to 5.02, p = 0.0003) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (SMD = −2.07, 95% CI: −3.3 to −0.84, p = 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in high-density liptein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI: −0.28 to 1.08, p = 0.25). Conclusion: Exercise can effectively improve cardiometabolic risk factors in obese adolescents with sedentary behavior. For obese adolescents who want to lose weight and improve cardiorespiratory fitness, combined aerobic and resistance training and high-intensity interval training are optimal choices. For obese adolescents with high blood lipids, aerobic training can be regarded as a primary exercise modality to reduce the high risk of cardiovascular diseases; For obese adolescents with insulin resistance, combined aerobic and resistance training can be considered to reduce the high risk of diabetes. It is hoped that more high-quality studies will further expand the meta-analysis results and demonstrate the optimal exercise frequency and treatment intensity of cardiometabolic risk factors in obese adolescents with sedentary behavior in the future.

The effects of Lycium barbarum L. (L. barbarum) on cardiometabolic risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1741-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-fei Guo ◽  
Zi-hao Li ◽  
Huizhen Cai ◽  
Duo Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The effects of Lycium barbarum L. (L. barbarum) on the cardiometabolic risk factors from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown inconsistent results.

scholarly journals Effect of Non-Nutritive Sweetened Beverages (NSBs) on Cardiometabolic Risk: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1659-1659
Author(s):  
Nema McGlynn ◽  
Tauseef Khan ◽  
Roselyn Zhang ◽  
Laura Chiavaroli ◽  
Fei Au-Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Objectives Concerns exist that NSBs do not have established benefits, with major dietary guidelines recommending that water and not NSBs replace sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Whether NSBs improve cardiometabolic risk factors similar to water in their intended substitution for SSBs is unclear. To inform the update of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to assess the effect of substituting NSBs for SSBs, water for SSBs and NSBs for water on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with and without diabetes. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library through March 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ≥ 1 week comparing NSBs, SSBs, and/or water were included. Outcomes were measures of adiposity, glycemic control, lipids, blood pressure, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and uric acid. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed for the substitution of NSBs for SSBs, water for SSBs and NSBs for water. Data were expressed as mean (MD) or standardized mean (SMD) differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI). GRADE assessed certainty of evidence. Results We identified 14 RCTs (n = 1530) substituting NSBs for SSBs (7 trials, N = 483), NSBs for water (7 trials, n = 852) and water for SSBs (2 trials, n = 285) mostly in people at risk for or with diabetes. Substitution of NSBs for SSBs reduced body weight (MD, −1.11 kg [95% CI, −1.90 to –0.32]), BMI (−0.32 kg/m2 [−0.58 to –0.07]), body fat (−0.60% [−1.03 to –0.18]), triglycerides (−0.24 mmol/L [−0.45 to −0.02]), and liver fat (SMD, −0.44 [95% CI, −0.69 to –0.19]). Substitution of water for SSBs reduced only uric acid (–0.05 mmol/L [–0.08 to −0.01]). There was no effect of substituting NSBs for water on any outcome except HbA1c (0.21% [0.02 to 0.40]). The certainty of the evidence ranged from low to high. Conclusions The intended substitution of NSBs for SSBs improves cardiometabolic risk factors, showing similar benefits to water. The available evidence supports the use of NSBs as an alternative replacement strategy for SSBs. There is a need for more high-quality RCTs. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02879500) Funding Sources Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD, CIHR, Diabetes Canada.

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