scholarly journals The Global Trend of the Net Irrigation Water Requirement of Maize from 1960 to 2050

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Oumarou Abdoulaye ◽  
Haishen Lu ◽  
Yonghua Zhu ◽  
Yousef Alhaj Hamoud ◽  
Mohamed Sheteiwy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Irrigation Water Requirement ◽  
Sub Saharan

Irrigated production around the world has significantly increased over the last decade. However, climate change is a new threat that could seriously aggravate the irrigation water supplies and request. In this study, the data is derived from the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). For the climate change scenarios, five Global Climate Models (GCMs) have been used. By using the CROPWAT approach of Smith, the net irrigation water requirement (IRnet) was calculated. For the estimation of the potential evapotranspiration (Epot), the method in Raziei and Pereira was used. According to representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5, these increases vary between 0.74% (North America) and 20.92% (North America) while the RCP 8.5 predict increases of 4.06% (sub-Saharan Africa) to more than 68% (North America). The results also show that the region of Latin America is the region with the large amount of IRnet with coprime value between 1.39 km3/yr (GFDL 4.5) and 1.48 km3/yr (CSIRO 4.5) while sub-Saharan Africa has the smallest IRnet amount between 0.13 km3/yr (GFDL 8.5) and 0.14 km3/yr (ECHAM 8.5). However, the most affected countries by this impact are those in sub-Saharan Africa. This study will probably help decision-makers to make corrections in making their decision.

CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENT IN BARITO KUALA SOUTH KALIMANTAN INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAYA AMALIA ACHYADI ◽  
KOICHIRO OHGUSHI ◽  
TOSHIHIRO MORITA ◽  
SU WAI THIN ◽  
WATARU KAWAHARA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Irrigation Water Requirement ◽  
Change Impact

Assessment of climate change impacts on irrigation water requirement and rice yield for Ngamoeyeik Irrigation Project in Myanmar

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shrestha ◽  
N. M. M. Thin ◽  
P. Deb
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Irrigation Water Requirement ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Increasing Trend

This study analyzes the impacts of climate change on irrigation water requirement (IWR) and yield for rainfed rice and irrigated paddy, respectively, at Ngamoeyeik Irrigation Project in Myanmar. Climate projections from two General Circulation Models, namely ECHAM5 and HadCM3 were derived for the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. The climate variables were downscaled to basin level by using the Statistical DownScaling Model. The AquaCrop model was used to simulate the yield and IWR under future climate. The analysis shows a decreasing trend in maximum temperature for three scenarios and three time windows considered; however, an increasing trend is observed for minimum temperature for all cases. The analysis on precipitation also suggests that rainfall in wet season is expected to vary largely from −29 to +21.9% relative to the baseline period. A higher variation is observed for the rainfall in dry season ranging from −42% for 2080s, and +96% in the case of 2020s. A decreasing trend of IWR is observed for irrigated paddy under the three scenarios indicating that small irrigation schemes are suitable to meet the requirements. An increasing trend in the yield of rainfed paddy was estimated under climate change demonstrating increased food security in the region.

Detecting changes in irrigation water requirement in Central Asia under CO2 fertilization and land use changes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Yongqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Irrigation Water Requirement ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
The Future

<p><span>As one of the largest arid and semiarid areas in the world, Central Asia (CA) has been facing severe water crisis. Agricultural irrigation consumes most water resources there. However, it is not clear how the irrigation water requirement (IWR) varies spatially and temporally in CA, especially under CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization and land use change. This study, for the first time, quantifies changes of IWR for two predominant crops (cotton and winter wheat) over CA under two climate change scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, both of which consider CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effects) and land use projections. Our results show that without considering atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration for estimating IWR would result in large errors and even different signs of the changes. In the future, IWR for cotton and winter wheat tends to increase in 2020s and 2040s but decrease in 2060s and 2080s under RCP2.6 and CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization. The change magnitude is less than 5%. Under RCP4.5 and CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization, most areas in CA exhibit an increase of less than 5%. The maximum increases of 5%-15% for cotton occur in </span><span> Tajikistan</span><span>. The maximum increase of more than 50% for winter wheat occurs in Tajikistan</span> <span>under both climate scenarios. The IWR in Turkmenistan</span> <span>is most sensitive to land use change, with 33% increase compared with IWR in 2015. The other four countries have small differences (less than 10%) between 2015 and 2030. Severe water security pressure is predicted in Turkmenistan</span> <span>and Uzbekistan </span><span>and the smallest in Tajikistan</span><span>. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of IWR for the Central Asian countries in the future and helps the decision maker for sensible water management.</span></p>

Subnational violent conflict forecasts for sub-Saharan Africa, 2015–65, using climate-sensitive models

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank DW Witmer ◽  
Andrew M Linke ◽  
John O’Loughlin ◽  
Andrew Gettelman ◽  
Arlene Laing
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Sub Saharan

How will local violent conflict patterns in sub-Saharan Africa evolve until the middle of the 21st century? Africa is recognized as a particularly vulnerable continent to environmental and climate change since a large portion of its population is poor and reliant on rain-fed agriculture. We use a climate-sensitive approach to model sub-Saharan African violence in the past (geolocated to the nearest settlements) and then forecast future violence using sociopolitical factors such as population size and political rights (governance), coupled with temperature anomalies. Our baseline model is calibrated using 1° gridded monthly data from 1980 to 2012 at a finer spatio-temporal resolution than existing conflict forecasts. We present multiple forecasts of violence under alternative climate change scenarios (optimistic and current global trajectories), of political rights scenarios (improvement and decline), and population projections (low and high fertility). We evaluate alternate shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) by plotting violence forecasts over time and by detailed mapping of recent and future levels of violence by decade. The forecasts indicate that a growing population and rising temperatures will lead to higher levels of violence in sub-Saharan Africa if political rights do not improve. If political rights continue to improve at the same rate as observed over the last three decades, there is reason for optimism that overall levels of violence will hold steady or even decline in Africa, in spite of projected population increases and rising temperatures.

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