scholarly journals Recent and Current Advances in FDG-PET Imaging within the Field of Clinical Oncology in NSCLC: A Review of the Literature

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Kaseda
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Clinical Oncology ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths around the world, the most common type of which is non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Computed tomography (CT) is required for patients with NSCLC, but often involves diagnostic issues and large intra- and interobserver variability. The anatomic data obtained using CT can be supplemented by the metabolic data obtained using fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET); therefore, the use of FDG-PET/CT for staging NSCLC is recommended, as it provides more accuracy than either modality alone. Furthermore, FDG-PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides useful information on metabolic activity and tumor cellularity, and has become increasingly popular. A number of studies have described FDG-PET/MRI as having a high diagnostic performance in NSCLC staging. Therefore, multidimensional functional imaging using FDG-PET/MRI is promising for evaluating the activity of the intratumoral environment. Radiomics is the quantitative extraction of imaging features from medical scans. The chief advantages of FDG-PET/CT radiomics are the ability to capture information beyond the capabilities of the human eye, non-invasiveness, the (virtually) real-time response, and full-field analysis of the lesion. This review summarizes the recent advances in FDG-PET imaging within the field of clinical oncology in NSCLC, with a focus on surgery and prognostication, and investigates the site-specific strengths and limitations of FDG-PET/CT. Overall, the goal of treatment for NSCLC is to provide the best opportunity for long-term survival; therefore, FDG-PET/CT is expected to play an increasingly important role in deciding the appropriate treatment for such patients.

scholarly journals Automated quantification of baseline imaging PET metrics on FDG PET/CT images of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Weisman ◽  
Jihyun Kim ◽  
Inki Lee ◽  
Kathleen M. McCarten ◽  
Sandy Kessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Purpose For pediatric lymphoma, quantitative FDG PET/CT imaging features such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV) are important for prognosis and risk stratification strategies. However, feature extraction is difficult and time-consuming in cases of high disease burden. The purpose of this study was to fully automate the measurement of PET imaging features in PET/CT images of pediatric lymphoma. Methods 18F-FDG PET/CT baseline images of 100 pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma patients were retrospectively analyzed. Two nuclear medicine physicians identified and segmented FDG avid disease using PET thresholding methods. Both PET and CT images were used as inputs to a three-dimensional patch-based, multi-resolution pathway convolutional neural network architecture, DeepMedic. The model was trained to replicate physician segmentations using an ensemble of three networks trained with 5-fold cross-validation. The maximum SUV (SUVmax), MTV, total lesion glycolysis (TLG), surface-area-to-volume ratio (SA/MTV), and a measure of disease spread (Dmaxpatient) were extracted from the model output. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and relative percent differences were calculated between automated and physician-extracted features. Results Median Dice similarity coefficient of patient contours between automated and physician contours was 0.86 (IQR 0.78–0.91). Automated SUVmax values matched exactly the physician determined values in 81/100 cases, with Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) of 0.95. Automated MTV was strongly correlated with physician MTV (R = 0.88), though it was slightly underestimated with a median (IQR) relative difference of − 4.3% (− 10.0–5.7%). Agreement of TLG was excellent (R = 0.94), with median (IQR) relative difference of − 0.4% (− 5.2–7.0%). Median relative percent differences were 6.8% (R = 0.91; IQR 1.6–4.3%) for SA/MTV, and 4.5% (R = 0.51; IQR − 7.5–40.9%) for Dmaxpatient, which was the most difficult feature to quantify automatically. Conclusions An automated method using an ensemble of multi-resolution pathway 3D CNNs was able to quantify PET imaging features of lymphoma on baseline FDG PET/CT images with excellent agreement to reference physician PET segmentation. Automated methods with faster throughput for PET quantitation, such as MTV and TLG, show promise in more accessible clinical and research applications.

scholarly journals Imaging features and prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT detection of soft-tissue metastasis from lung cancer: a retrospective study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Xinyi Zhang ◽  
Shumao Zhang ◽  
Chunfeng Liu ◽  
Wenhui Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Soft Tissue Metastasis ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

scholarly journals PET/CT Radiomics in Lung Cancer: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bianconi ◽  
Isabella Palumbo ◽  
Angela Spanu ◽  
Susanna Nuvoli ◽  
Mario Luca Fravolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Potential Applications

Quantitative extraction of imaging features from medical scans (‘radiomics’) has attracted a lot of research attention in the last few years. The literature has consistently emphasized the potential use of radiomics for computer-assisted diagnosis, as well as for predicting survival and response to treatment. Radiomics is appealing in that it enables full-field analysis of the lesion, provides nearly real-time results, and is non-invasive. Still, a lot of studies suffer from a series of drawbacks such as lack of standardization and repeatability. Such limitations, along with the unmet demand for large enough image datasets for training the algorithms, are major hurdles that still limit the application of radiomics on a large scale. In this paper, we review the current developments, potential applications, limitations, and perspectives of PET/CT radiomics with specific focus on the management of patients with lung cancer.

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Fungal Infection and Lung Cancer via 18F-FDG PET/CT: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Feng ◽  
Chunmei Deng ◽  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Ye Qiu ◽  
Jiehua Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Abstract Background: There is limited evidence regarding the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) characteristics of lung fungal (LF) infections with nodules or masses, which are often misdiagnosed as lung cancer (LC) with indications for surgery. We aimed to investigate the PET/CT findings of LF infections with nodules in comparison to those of LC and clarify the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of LF infections.Methods: We enrolled 21 patients who presented with pulmonary nodules or masses on CT, were diagnosed with LF infections, and underwent PET/CT as the LF group and randomly selected 42 patients with LC diagnosed by pathology as the LC group. Clinical and PET/CT imaging data were statistically analyzed.Results: LC was the most common misdiagnosed disease in the LF group (52.38%). There were no significant differences in lung imaging features between the two groups. The levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, and IgG and the positive rates for fungal antigen test in the LF group were significantly higher than those in the LC group (P<0.05). Lung masses larger than 3 cm were more common in the LC group (P<0.05). Overall, 80.95% (17/21) of patients in the LF group showed increased 18F-FDG uptake. There were no significant between-group differences in the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax, 8.20 [2.70, 12.95] vs. 8.80 [7.00, 12.38]). In the LF group, eight, five, and eight patients had cryptococcal, Aspergillus, and Talaromyces marneffei infections, respectively, with no significant difference in SUVmax among them (5.10 [1.70, 14.40] vs. 8.20 [1.50, 8.20] vs. 8.50 [5.10, 11.30]). Conclusions: Both LF infection and LC can present with increased 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT. Thus, it is difficult to distinguish between them according to lung PET/CT and CT manifestations. Patients presenting with pulmonary masses should also be suspected to have fungal infection, even those with an increased SUVmax and simultaneous lymph node and bone involvement; particular attention is needed for patients with abnormal inflammation indexes and fungal antigen test. We should be emphasized preoperative pathological examination and fungal etiology.

Enhancing 18F-FDG-PET/CT analysis in lung cancer patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (06) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kapfhammer ◽  
T. Winkens ◽  
T. Lesser ◽  
A. Reissig ◽  
M. Steinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Peripheral Lung ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Tumour Infiltration

SummaryAim: To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility and value of CT-CT image fusion to assess the shift of peripheral lung cancers with/-out chest wall infiltration, comparing computed tomography acquisitions in shallow-breathing (SB-CT) and deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH-CT) in patients undergoing FDG-PET/ CT for lung cancer staging. Methods: Image fusion of SB-CT and DIBH-CT was performed with a multimodal workstation used for nuclear medicine fusion imaging. The distance of intrathoracic landmarks and the positional shift of tumours were measured using semitransparent overlay of both CT series. Statistical analyses were adjusted for confounders of tumour infiltration. Cutoff levels were calculated for prediction of no-/infiltration. Results: Lateral pleural recessus and diaphragm showed the largest respiratory excursions. Infiltrating lung cancers showed more limited respiratory shifts than non-infiltrating tumours. A large respiratory tumour-motility accurately predicted non-infiltration. However, the tumour shifts were limited and variable, limiting the accuracy of prediction. Conclusion: This pilot fusion study proved feasible and allowed a simple analysis of the respiratory shifts of peripheral lung tumours using CT-CT image fusion in a PET/CT setting. The calculated cutoffs were useful in predicting the exclusion of chest wall infiltration but did not accurately predict tumour infiltration. This method can provide additional qualitative information in patients with lung cancers with contact to the chest wall but unclear CT evidence of infiltration undergoing PET/CT without the need of additional investigations. Considering the small sample size investigated, further studies are necessary to verify the obtained results.

scholarly journals Correlation of 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax with clinical features, D-dimer and LDH in patients with primary intestinal lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052110298
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhou ◽  
Wenxin Chen ◽  
Meifu Lin ◽  
Guobao Chen ◽  
Cailong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Intestinal Lymphoma ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
D Dimer

Objective To investigate the characteristics of fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in primary intestinal lymphoma (PIL) and its correlation with D-dimer and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Methods Fifty-two patients diagnosed with PIL from June 2016 to December 2019 were analyzed. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT. The relationships between SUVmax and different pathological subtypes, clinical stages and risk grades were analyzed. The correlations between SUVmax and Ki-67, LDH and D-dimer were determined. Additionally, PET/CT imaging results were collected from 35 patients with primary intestinal cancer (PIC) and compared with the imaging features of PIL. Results SUVmax was significantly different between PIL and PIC groups and various PIL pathological subgroups. Patients in the high-risk PIL group had markedly higher SUVmax values than the intermediate-risk and low-risk groups. A significant positive correlation was observed between SUVmax and Ki-67 in patients with PIL. SUVmax was significantly different between the elevated and normal D-dimer groups. D-dimer showed a positive correlation with SUVmax. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax reflects the aggressiveness of lymphoma to a certain degree, is correlated with Ki-67 and determines the risk grades of PIL. Moreover, it facilitates differential diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment based on D-dimer levels.

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