scholarly journals Strategy to Reduce the Collective Equivalent Dose for the Lens of the Physician’s Eye Using Short Radiation Protection Curtains to Prevent Cataracts

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Koichi Nakagami ◽  
Takashi Moritake ◽  
Keisuke Nagamoto ◽  
Koichi Morota ◽  
Satoru Matsuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Protective Device

A short curtain that improves on the low versatility of existing long curtains was developed as a dedicated radiation protective device for the over-table tube fluorographic imaging units. The effect of this short curtain in preventing cataracts was then examined. First, the physician lens dose reduction rate was obtained at the position of the lens. Next, the reduction rate in the collective equivalent dose for the lens of the physician’s eye was estimated. The results showed that lens dose reduction rates with the long curtain and the short curtain were 88.9% (literature-based value) and 17.6%, respectively, higher with the long curtain. In our hospital, the reduction rate in the collective equivalent dose for the lens of the physician’s eye was 9.8% and 17.6% with a procedures mixture, using the long curtain where technically possible and no curtain in all other procedures, and the short curtain in all procedures, respectively, higher with the short curtain. Moreover, a best available for curtains raised the reduction rate in the collective equivalent dose for the lens of the physician’s eye a maximum of 25.5%. By introducing the short curtain, it can be expected to have an effect in preventing cataracts in medical staff.

scholarly journals Experimental on the protective performance of column bridge pier anti-scouring device

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Zhejiang Chen ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Yonglin Hu ◽  
Nan Ye ◽  
Xiaoli Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Local Scour ◽  
Bridge Pier ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Protective Device ◽  
Measuring Point ◽  
Test Range ◽  
The Impact

Because of the problem of local scour caused by the change of the flow structure caused by the water-resistance of the column bridge pier, the theoretical analysis, and indoor water tank test were used to study the effect of installing a new anti-scouring device in front of the bridge pier on the local scour reduction effect; the influence of the main design parameters such as the height of the protective device, the angle of the protective device and the distance from the protective device to the bridge pier on the local scour of the bridge pier was selected, and the optimal parameter design combination was selected. The test results show that: under the same water flow conditions, the maximum scour depth reduction rate of the measuring point under the protection of the protective device is 48.4% to 74.2% compared with the unprotected scour; the reduction rate of the bridge pier is relative to the relative height of the device and the device equivalent. The angle and the distance between the device and the bridge pier are related, and the shock reduction rate decreases with the increase of the flow intensity. In the test range, the ratio of the device height to the water depth is 2/3, the device angle is 60 °, and the distance from the bridge pier is 3. When the diameter of the pier is doubled, the effect of reducing the impact on the pier is the best.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Knowledge of CT Scanner Operators on the Use of Dose Reduction Software Called Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) During a CT Scan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Fotso Kamdem ◽  
Odette Ngano Samba ◽  
Serge Abogo ◽  
Joshua Tambe ◽  
Jean Claude Mballa Amougou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Wrong Answer ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Radiology Technicians ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals

Abstract Objectif : Evaluate the knowledge of medical imaging technicians on the use of dose reduction software and the concept of patient radiation protection.Materials and methods : Descriptive and analytical transversal study from January 1 to December 1, 2020, conducted in the radiology and medical imaging services of Cameroon's public and private hospitals with a CT scanner. It was the first study on this topic that was conducted in Cameroon. This study was conducted from a questionnaire distributed to all medical imaging technicians in 10 country hospitals relating to the notions of dose reduction software and patient radiation protection.Results: 80 questionnaires were distributed and analyzed. The average age of medical imaging technicians was 30 years old. There were 32 women and 48 men. Most of the medical imaging technicians worked in private centers (n = 6). 75% of medical imaging technicians had been in practice for more than 5 years. 75% of medical imaging technicians gave the wrong answer regarding the use of dose reduction software. Finally, only a third of the practitioners had received training in patient radiation protection.Conclusion : Although the majority of medical imaging technicians declares to take into account the dangers related to ionizing radiation during examinations, a broader dissemination of patient radiation protection training and the use of dose reduction software, particularly during the initial curriculum. Radiology technicians could be one of the solutions to improve the knowledge of hospital practitioners in patient radiation protection. However, the use of ionizing radiation, however, need to know and take into account the potential risks of radio-induced cancer linked to high X-ray doses.

Paediatrics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Surgical Equipment ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Manipulation Under Anaesthesia ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Excessive Irradiation

As children’s bones are still growing, different techniques are employed for the reduction and fixation of fractures in children than those used in adults. For all paediatric procedures, radiation protection is of paramount significance. This is best achieved by using dose reduction settings on the image intensifier, good collimation to avoid excessive irradiation, and judicious use of Pb shielding on or around the patient. This chapter covers a selection of orthopaedic procedures for paediatric patients, covering manipulation under anaesthesia, K-wiring, and elastic nailing or flexi-nailing for long bone injuries. Each procedure includes images that demonstrate the position of the C-arm, patient, and surgical equipment, with accompanying radiographs demonstrating the resulting images.

scholarly journals Occupational Radiation Dose, Especially for Eye Lens: Hp(3), in Medical Staff Members Involved in Computed Tomography Examinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4448
Author(s):  
Minoru Osanai ◽  
Hidenori Sato ◽  
Kana Sato ◽  
Kohsei Kudo ◽  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Radiation Dose Exposure ◽  
Occupational Radiation

Radiation dose management of medical staff has become increasingly important. Particularly, based on the statement by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in 2011, a new lower equivalent dose limit for the eye lens is being established in each country. Although many reports have discussed the occupational radiation dose in interventional radiology (IR), few studies have examined the dose during computed tomography (CT) examinations. This study investigated the radiation dose exposure to medical staff present in the CT room during irradiation, with particular focus on the exposure to eye lens. The radiation dose exposure to those who assist patients during head, chest and upper abdomen CT examination was measured in a phantom study. The radiation dose exposure with scattered radiation was never negligible (i.e., high); Hp(3) was the highest in head CT examination, at 0.44 mSv per examination. Furthermore, the shielding effect of radiation protection glasses was large, and radiation protection glasses are useful tools for the medical staff who are involved in CT examinations. The justification and optimisation should be carefully considered in assistant actions.

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