scholarly journals Serum Biomarkers in Carotid Artery Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2143
Author(s):  
Vassiliki I. Kigka ◽  
Vassiliki Potsika ◽  
Michalis Mantzaris ◽  
Vassilis Tsakanikas ◽  
Igor Koncar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Early Disease Detection ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Carotid artery disease is considered a major cause of strokes and there is a need for early disease detection and management. Although imaging techniques have been developed for the diagnosis of carotid artery disease and different imaging-based markers have been proposed for the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques, there is still need for a definition of high-risk plaques in asymptomatic patients who may benefit from surgical intervention. Measurement of circulating biomarkers is a promising method to assist in patient-specific disease management, but the lack of robust clinical evidence limits their use as a standard of care. The purpose of this review paper is to present circulating biomarkers related to carotid artery diagnosis and prognosis, which are mainly provided by statistical-based clinical studies. The result of our investigation showed that typical well-established inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers related to patient lipid profiles are associated with carotid artery disease. In addition to this, more specialized types of biomarkers, such as endothelial and cell adhesion, matrix degrading, and metabolic biomarkers seem to be associated with different carotid artery disease outputs, assisting vascular specialists in selecting patients at high risk for stroke and in need of intervention.

Patient-specific treatment allocation for carotid artery disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Marc Bosiers ◽  
Koen Deloose ◽  
Jurgen Verbist ◽  
Patrick Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Treatment Allocation ◽  
Artery Disease

Angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis: indications, techniques, results, and complications

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lanzino ◽  
Richard D. Fessler ◽  
Robert A. Mericle ◽  
Ajay K. Wakhloo ◽  
Lee R. Guterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Angioplasty And Stenting

Following the favorable results obtained in the treatment of coronary artery disease, combined angioplasty and stenting has been advocated for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis as well. Although widespread application of angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery disease is neither indicated nor recommended, it may be a viable alternative therapy for select patients who are high-risk patients for surgery. The results of early series have suggested that endoluminal revascularization in these high-risk patients can be performed with an acceptable degree of safety. Although the incidence of death and major stroke rates following angioplasty and stenting procedures compares favorably with surgery, results of more recent clinical series have suggested that the incidence of perioperative transient neurological events and minor strokes may be higher than suggested by earlier reports, especially in patients with recent neurological symptoms and “unstable” plaques. In this article, the authors review the current potential indications for and preliminary results of angioplasty and stenting and describe their procedural technique. In addition, potential applications of stenting to intracranial thromboocclusive carotid artery disease are reviewed.

scholarly journals Left-sided carotid arteries have a higher prevalence of intraplaque hemorrhage than right-sided: An asymmetric conundrum

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 494-500
Author(s):  
Anthony S Larson ◽  
Waleed Brinjikji ◽  
Luis Savastano ◽  
Eugene Scharf ◽  
John Huston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Artery Disease

Purpose To assess whether an asymmetry exists in the prevalence of carotid artery intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) between right- and left-sided arteries. Materials and methods The records of all patients with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease that underwent neck magnetic resonance angiography imaging with high-resolution plaque sequences between 2017 and 2020 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. The prevalence of stenosis and IPH was determined for all patients and compared between the left and right carotid arteries of those with unilateral anterior circulation ischemic strokes. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine potential independent associations of IPH laterality with ischemic strokes. Results A total of 368 patients were included overall and 241 were male (65.4%). There were a total of 125 asymptomatic patients and 211 patients with unilateral anterior circulation ischemic strokes. Of patients with ischemic strokes, 55.5% had left-sided strokes compared with 44.5% who had right-sided strokes ( p = 0.03). Patients with left-sided strokes had a higher prevalence of ipsilateral IPH than those with right-sided strokes (64.1% versus 36.2%, p < 0.0001), despite similar degrees of stenosis. Both age (odds ratio (OR): 1.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0–1.1; p = 0.007) and the presence of left-sided IPH (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.8; p = 0.003) were independently associated with unilateral ischemic strokes. Conclusions Left-sided plaques more frequently have IPH and may be more likely to result in ipsilateral ischemic strokes compared with right-sided plaques. The underlying mechanism of asymmetric distribution of IPH between right and left carotids remains unclear.

scholarly journals Focused screening for occult carotid artery disease: patients with known heart disease are at high risk

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caron B Rockman ◽  
Glenn R Jacobowitz ◽  
Paul J Gagne ◽  
Mark A Adelman ◽  
Patrick J Lamparello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals C-reactive Protein is Elevated in Symptomatic Compared with Asymptomatic Patients with Carotid Artery Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rerkasem ◽  
C.P. Shearman ◽  
J.A. Williams ◽  
G.E. Morris ◽  
M.J. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Selection of Treatment for Patients with Carotid Artery Disease: Medication, Carotid Endarterectomy, or Carotid Artery Stenting

Vascular ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Bosiers ◽  
Patrick Peeters ◽  
Koen Deloose ◽  
Jürgen Verbist ◽  
L. Richard Sprouse
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Selection Of

Patients presenting with atherosclerosis of the extracranial carotid arteries may be offered carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), or medical therapy to reduce their risk of stroke. In many cases, the choice between treatment modalities remains controversial. An algorithm based on patients' neurologic symptoms, comorbidities, limiting factors for CAS and CEA, and personal preferences was developed to determine the optimal treatment in each case. This algorithm was then employed to determine therapy in 308 consecutive patients presenting to a single institution during one calendar year. Ninety-five (30.8%) patients presented with an asymptomatic carotid stenosis of more than 80% and 213 (69.2%) with a symptomatic stenosis of more than 50%. According to our algorithm, 59 (62.1%) of the 95 asymptomatic patients received CAS, 20 (21.1%) received CEA, and 16 (16.8%) received medical therapy. All symptomatic patients underwent intervention; 153 (71.8%) were treated with CAS and 60 (28.2%) with CEA. Combined 30-day stroke and death rates after CAS were 1.7% in asymptomatic patients and 2.6% in symptomatic patients. After CEA, these rates were 0% and 3.3%, respectively. Careful selection of treatment modality according to predetermined criteria can result in improved outcomes.

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