scholarly journals MRI as a Tool to Assess Interstitial Cystitis Associated Bladder and Brain Pathologies

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2298
Author(s):  
Rheal A. Towner ◽  
Nataliya Smith ◽  
Debra Saunders ◽  
Robert E. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Targeted Mri

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic, often incapacitating condition characterized by pain seeming to originate in the bladder in conjunction with lower urinary tract symptoms of frequency and urgency, and consists of a wide range of clinical phenotypes with diverse etiologies. There are currently no diagnostic tests for IC/BPS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively new tool to assess IC/BPS. There are several methodologies that can be applied to assess either bladder wall or brain-associated alterations in tissue morphology and/or pain. IC/BPS is commonly associated with bladder wall hyperpermeability (BWH), particularly in severe cases. Our group developed a contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) approach to assess BWH in preclinical models for IC/BPS, as well as for a pilot study for IC/BPS patients. We have also used the CE-MRI approach to assess possible therapies to alleviate the BWH in preclinical models for IC/BPS, which will hopefully pave the way for future clinical trials. In addition, we have used molecular-targeted MRI (mt-MRI) to quantitatively assess BWH biomarkers. Biomarkers, such as claudin-2, may be important to assess and determine the severity of BWH, as well as to assess therapeutic efficacy. Others have also used other MRI approaches to assess the bladder wall structural alterations with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), by measuring changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), as well as using functional MRI (fMRI) to assess pain and morphological MRI or DWI to assess anatomical or structural changes in the brains of patients with IC/BPS. It would be beneficial if MRI-based diagnostic tests could be routinely used for these patients and possibly used to assess potential therapeutics.

Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A New Tool for the Diagnosis of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Charlanes ◽  
Frank Boudghene ◽  
Camille Chesnel ◽  
Calin Ciofu ◽  
Frédérique Le Breton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis

Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Porru Daniele ◽  
Regina Cesare ◽  
Oworae Howardson Bright ◽  
Fiorello Nicolo ◽  
Gardella Barbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Functional connectivity of fMRI using differential covariance predicts structural connectivity and behavioral reaction times

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusi Chen ◽  
Qasim Bukhari ◽  
Tiger Wutu Lin ◽  
Terrence J Sejnowski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Wide Range

Recordings from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) reflect the influence of pathways between brain areas. A wide range of methods have been proposed to measure this functional connectivity (FC), but the lack of ''ground truth'' has made it difficult to systematically validate them. Most measures of FC produce connectivity estimates that are symmetrical between brain areas. Differential covariance (dCov) is an algorithm for analyzing FC with directed graph edges. Applied to synthetic datasets, dCov-FC was more effective than covariance and partial correlation in reducing false positive connections and more accurately matching the underlying structural connectivity. When we applied dCov-FC to resting state fMRI recordings from the human connectome project (HCP) and anesthetized mice, dCov-FC accurately identified strong cortical connections from diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) in individual humans and viral tract tracing in mice. In addition, those HCP subjects whose rs-fMRI were more integrated, as assessed by a graph-theoretic measure, tended to have shorter reaction times in several behavioral tests. Thus, dCov-FC was able to identify anatomically verified connectivity that yielded measures of brain integration causally related to behavior.

scholarly journals Recent advances in imaging and understanding interstitial cystitis

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Tyagi ◽  
Chan-Hong Moon ◽  
Joseph Janicki ◽  
Jonathan Kaufman ◽  
Michael Chancellor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Drug

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating condition associated with intense pelvic pain and bladder storage symptoms. Since diagnosis is difficult, prevalence estimates vary with the methodology used. There is also a lack of proven imaging tools and biomarkers to assist in differentiation of IC/BPS from other urinary disorders (overactive bladder, vulvodynia, endometriosis, and prostatitis). Current uncertainty regarding the etiology and pathology of IC/BPS ultimately impacts its timely and successful treatment, as well as hampers future drug development. This review will cover recent developments in imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging, that advance the understanding of IC/BPS and guide drug development.

Infiltration into soils, with particular reference to its visualization and measurement by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H.G. Amin ◽  
L. D. Hall ◽  
R. J. Chorley ◽  
K. S. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Macropore Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

This article draws attention to the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for studies of patterns and mechanisms of water infiltration into soils, and stresses the vitally important need for collaboration between hydrologists, soil physicists and MRI experts. A brief introduction of the principles of MRI is given. This is followed by a review of the literature relating to nonpreferential infiltration, preferential infiltration exhibiting fingering and preferential infiltration involving a wide range of macropore flow. These differing degrees of complexity of infiltration dynamics require the employment of noninvasive and nondestructive techniques for their detailed investigation. Finally, an overview of applications of MRI to the detection of the spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture and its changes is given. General conclusions are drawn from previous and current research, and the potential of the application of MRI to infiltration studies is summarized.

Giant lateral sinus pericranii

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Spektor ◽  
Gerald Weinberger ◽  
Shlomo Constantini ◽  
John M. Gomori ◽  
Liana Beni-Adani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Lateral Sinus ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sinus Pericranii ◽  
Tomography Scanning ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of giant lateral sinus pericranii, which presented in a patient during early childhood as a soft, collapsible mass and gradually grew until it reached 13 × 9 cm when the patient was 36 years of age, is reported. The patient underwent successful surgery and the lesion was totally excised. The results of diagnostic tests (computerized tomography scanning, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral angiography, and sinusography) and surgery-related problems are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Denoising of Images Using Deep Convolutional Autoencoders for Brain Tumor Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-496
Author(s):  
Revathi Vankayalapati ◽  
Akka Lakshmi Muddana
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wide Range

In the acquisition of images of the human body, medical imaging devices are crucial. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system detects tissue anomalies and tumours in the body of people. During the forming process, the MRI images are degraded by different kind of noises. It is difficult to remove certain noises, accompanied by the segmentation of images in order to classify anomalies. The most commonly explored areas of this period are automatic tumour detection systems using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In the medical sector, timely and exact identification of frequencies is a problem. Automated systems are efficient that reduce human errors when tumour is detected. In recent years, many approaches have been proposed to do this, but there are still several drawbacks and a wide range of improvements on these methodologies are still needed. The image processing mechanism is widely used to improve early detection and treatment stages in the field of medical sciences. Sometimes the doctor can misdiagnose the image of MRI because of noise levels. To date, Deep Convolution Neural Networks (DCNN) have demonstrated excellent classification and segmentation efficiency. This paper proposes a technique for the image denoising using DCNN based Auto Encoders (DCNNAE) for achieving better accuracy rates in brain tumour prediction. In this paper we propose a deep convolution denoising auto encoder to remove noise from images and over fit the model problem by developing a deep convolution neural network for brain MRI image tumour prediction. The proposed model is compared with the existing methods and the results exhibits that the proposed model performance levels are better than the existing ones.

scholarly journals Craniosynostosis: prenatal diagnosis by 2D/3D ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Micheletti Helfer ◽  
Alberto Borges Peixoto ◽  
Gabriele Tonni ◽  
Edward Araujo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Craniosynostosis is defined as the process of premature fusion of one or more of the cranial sutures.  It is a common condition that occurs in about 1 to 2,000 live births. Craniosynostosis may be classified in primary or secondary. It is also classified as nonsyndromic or syndromic. According to suture commitment, craniosynostosis may affect a single suture or multiple sutures. There is a wide range of syndromes involving craniosynostosis and the most common are Apert, Pffeifer, Crouzon, Shaethre-Chotzen and Muenke syndromes. The underlying etiology of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis is unknown. Mutations in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling pathway play a crucial role in the etiology of craniosynostosis syndromes. Prenatal ultrasound`s detection rate of craniosynostosis is low. Nowadays, different methods can be applied for prenatal diagnosis of craniosynostosis, such as two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan and, finally, molecular diagnosis. The presence of craniosynostosis may affect the birthing process. Fetuses with craniosynostosis also have higher rates of perinatal complications. In order to avoid the risks of untreated craniosynostosis, children are usually treated surgically soon after postnatal diagnosis.

scholarly journals Moyamoya Disease May Mimic Multiple Sclerosis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ioanna Spanou ◽  
Maria-Eleftheria Evangelopoulos ◽  
Georgios Velonakis ◽  
Nikolaos Logiotatos ◽  
Achilleas Chatziioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Left Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction. A wide range of medical conditions may mimic multiple sclerosis. Among them, cerebrovascular diseases, including moyamoya disease, need to be excluded since they share common clinical features and radiographic findings with multiple sclerosis. Case Report. A 44-year-old woman experienced transient numbness of her right sided face and arm and was referred to our unit due to small brain lesions in magnetic resonance imaging, with a possible diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurological examination was unremarkable except for plantar reflexes and jerky deep tendon reflexes. Brain magnetic resonance angiography revealed findings typically seen in moyamoya disease, confirmed with digital subtraction angiography. Antiplatelet therapy started, but few days later, she developed suddenly global aphasia and right hemiparesis (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale/NIHSS 6). Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute infarct in the distribution of the left middle cerebral artery. At her discharge, she was significantly improved (NIHSS 3). Conclusion. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is often challenging. In particular, in young patients with transient neurological symptoms and atypical white matter lesions in magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrovascular disorders such as moyamoya disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Detailed clinical and neuroimaging evaluation are mandatory for the correct diagnosis.

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