scholarly journals Comparison of Three Expanded-Spectrum Cephalosporin Hydrolysis Assays and the NG-Test CTX-M Multi Assay That Detects All CTX-M-Like Enzymes

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Camille Gonzalez ◽  
Christian Moguet ◽  
Arnaud Chalin ◽  
Saoussen Oueslati ◽  
Laurent Dortet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Rapid detection of expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) hydrolysing enzymes is crucial to implement infection control measures and antibiotic stewardship. Here, we have evaluated three biochemical ESC hydrolysis assays (ESBL NDP test, β-LACTA™ test, LFIA-CTX assay) and the NG-Test® CTX-M MULTI that detects CTX-M enzymes, on 93 well-characterized Gram-negative isolates, including 60 Enterobacterales, 21 Pseudomonas spp. and 12 Acinetobacter spp. The performances were good for all three hydrolysis assays, with the LFIA-CTX being slightly more sensitive and specific on the tested panel of isolates especially with Enterobacterales, without ambiguous results. This study showed that LFIA-CTX may be used for the detection of ESC hydrolysis as a competitive alternative to already available assays (β-LACTA™ test and ESBL NDP test) without any specific equipment and reduced hands-on-time. The lateral flow immunoassay NG-Test® CTX-M MULTI has proven to be a useful, easy, rapid, and reliable confirmatory test in Enterobacterales for detection of CTX-M-type ESBLs, which account for most of the resistance mechanisms leading to ESC resistance in Enterobacterales, but it misses rare ESC hydrolysing β-lactamases (AmpC, minor ESBLs, and carbapenemases). Combining it with the LFIA-CTX assay would yield an assay detecting the most frequently-encountered ESBLs (CTX-M-like β-lactamases) together with ESC hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-ProducingKlebsiella pneumoniaeIsolates and Development of Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assays (MAMA) for Rapid Detection ofgyrAandparCMutations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Al-Marzooq ◽  
Mohd Yasim Mohd Yusof ◽  
Sun Tee Tay
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance

Ninety-three Malaysian extended-spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBL)-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates were investigated for ciprofloxacin resistance. Two mismatch amplification mutation (MAMA) assays were developed and used to facilitate rapid detection ofgyrAandparCmutations. The isolates were also screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes includingaac(6′)-Ib-cr, qepA, andqnr. Ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs4–≥32 μg/mL) was noted in 34 (37%) isolates, of which 33 isolates had multiple mutations either ingyrAalone(n=1)or in bothgyrAandparCregions(n=32).aac(6′)-Ib-crwas the most common PMQR gene detected in this study(n=61), followed byqnrBandqnrS(n=55and 1, resp.). Low-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MICs 1-2 μg/mL) was noted in 40 (43%) isolates carryingqnrBaccompanied by eitheraac(6′)-Ib-cr(n=34)or a singlegyrA83 mutation(n=6). Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly associated with the presence of multiple mutations ingyrAandparCregions. While the isolates harbouringgyrAand/orparCalteration were distributed into 11 PFGE clusters, no specific clusters were associated with isolates carrying PMQR genes. The high prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance amongst the Malaysian ESBL-producingK. pneumoniaeisolates suggests the need for more effective infection control measures to limit the spread of these resistant organisms in the hospital.

Häufigkeit und Vorkommen multiresistenter gramnegativer Erreger: 3MRGN/4MRGN

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (09) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Hamprecht ◽  
Stephan Göttig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health System ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

AbstractThe increase of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MRGN) is a great threat for both the health system and patients. Challenges of MRGN for physicians are limited therapeutic options, the need of infection control measures and the danger of outbreaks. In this article, the prevalence of MRGN, risk factors, the background and definitions of multidrug-resistant organisms are presented.

scholarly journals Modern problems of antibiotic resistance gram-negative nosocomial infections in the Rostov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kutsevalova ◽  
I. O. Pokudina ◽  
D. A. Rozenko ◽  
D. V. Martynov ◽  
M. Yu. Kaminsky
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
The City

Objectives: to analyze the prevalence of strains of gram-negative bacteria - pathogens of infectious complications resistant to carbapenems, including through the production of carbapenemases isolated from various clinical biomaterials in hospitalized patients of hospitals in the city of Rostov-on-Don.Materials and methods: 366 gram-negative bacterial isolates were studied, from patients from 16 wards, 9 treatment-and-prophylactic institutions of the city of Rostov-on-Don and the region. The study was conducted by traditional microbiological method. Species identification of strains and sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs were determined on a Vitek 2 automatic analyzer (BioMerieux, France). The strains insensitive to carbapenems were tested for the presence of carbapenemases using CIM-test. MBL was detected by the effect of suppression of their activity in the presence of EDTA. MBL genes were detected by PCR-RV test kit “AmpliSens MDR MBL-FL”, “AmpliSens MDR KPC/OXA-48-FL”. The conclusion about the production of BLRS was made by the presence of synergism of cephalosporins of III-IV generation with clavulanic acid by the method of double discs.Results: of the 366 isolates tested, gram-negative bacteria accounted for 74.2 %: Klebsiella pneumoniae — 33.0 %, Escherichia coli — 19.0 %, Acinetobacter baumannii — 18.0 %, Pseudomonas aeruginosa — 15.0 %. Resistance to carbapenems was detected in 90.9 % of A.baumannii strains, more than 50 % of P.aeruginosa and K.pneumoniae. LBR production was detected in more than 90 % of K.pneumoniae and about 80 % of E. coli. In A. baumannii and K.pneumoniae isolates, the presence of OXA and NDM genes was found, and in P.aeruginosa, VIM groups.Conclusion: enterobacteria resistant to beta-lactams, producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases are one of the leading causative agents of infectious complications in hospitals of Rostov-on-don and the region, almost not inferior in frequency of occurrence of bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter spp. and Paeruginosa. This determines the importance of detection of resistance mechanisms not only for the purpose of optimal etiotropic therapy, but also for epidemiological control of the spread of resistant strains and the development of infection control measures.

Eye in COVID-19: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mohsin Ali ◽  
Qudsia Anwar Dar ◽  
Zahid Kamal ◽  
Alishba Khan
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Route ◽  
Ocular Manifestation ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Infection Control Measures

This is a brief review covering the currently available literature on ocular manifestations of COVID-19, andprevention strategies for ophthalmologists. A literature search was carried out of Pubmed, Google Scholar andWHO database of publications on COVID. Keywords used in the search were eye, ocular manifestations,ophthalmology, COVID-19, nCoV-2019, and coronavirus disease. All available articles were reviewed and thosepertinent to the study topic were included. Considering the dearth of information available, ophthalmology journals were also searched separately for relevant articles. Major ocular manifestation of COVID reported in literature is red eye, which usually presents before the onset of respiratory symptoms. Since the eye can be a possible transmission route for SARS-CoV-2, infection control measures should be undertaken by ophthalmologists, including use of personal protection equipment and eye/face covering. A framework for structuring ophthalmological services during the COVID pandemic is also presented in this review.

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