scholarly journals RZcoin: Ethereum-Based Decentralized Payment with Optional Privacy Service

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Xue Bai ◽  
Shihui Zheng ◽  
Licheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Redundancy Problem ◽  
Schnorr Signature ◽  
Equivalent Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Turing Complete ◽  
Further Development

As the blockchain 2.0 platform, Ethereum’s turing complete programming language and smart contract components make it play an important role in the commercialization of blockchain. With the further development of blockchain applications, the privacy and security issues of Ethereum have gradually emerged. To solve this problem, we proposed a blockchain privacy protection model called RZcash in the previous work. It implements the dynamically updateable and verifiable hiding of the asset information in Ethereum, namely the account balance and transaction amount. However, RZcash does not pay attention to the key redundancy problem that may be caused by the creation of secret accounts. In addition, the large size of proofs gives it high communication costs. In response to these problems, we further improve RZcash. For the key redundancy problem, we construct a new signature scheme based on the ciphertext equivalent test commitment. Moreover, we use the Schnorr signature and bulletproof to improve the corresponding proof scheme in RZcash, thereby reducing the size of proof. Based on these improvements, we propose a decentralized payment system, called RZcoin, based on Ethereum. Finally, we implement the algorithm model of RZcoin and evaluate its security and performance. The results show that RZcoin has higher security and Lower communication cost than RZcash.

scholarly journals Smart Contract Centric Inference Engine For Intelligent Electric Vehicle Transportation System

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Waqas Khan ◽  
Yung-Cheol Byun
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Inference Engine ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Smart Contract

The provision of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing due to the need for ecological green energy. The increment in EVs leads to an intelligent electric vehicle transportation system’s need instead of cloud-based systems to manage privacy and security issues. Collecting and delivering the data to current transportation systems means disclosing personal information about vehicles and drivers. We have proposed a secure and intelligent electric vehicle transportation system based on blockchain and machine learning. The proposed method utilizes the state of the art smart contract module of blockchain to build an inference engine. This system takes the sensors’ data from the vehicle control unit of EV, stores it in the blockchain, makes decisions using an inference engine, and executes those decisions using actuators and user interface. We have utilized a double-layer optimized long short term memory (LSTM) algorithm to predict EV’s stator temperature. We have also performed an informal analysis to demonstrate the proposed system’s robustness and reliability. This system will resolve the security issues for both information and energy interactions in EVs.

scholarly journals Blockchain-Based Authentication with Optional Privacy Preservation for Internet of Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jinxin Zhang ◽  
Meng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Intelligent Technology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level

With the rapid development of the mobile internet and intelligent technology of in-vehicle equipment, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), centered on intelligent connected cars, has gradually entered people’s lives. However, these technologies also bring serious privacy risks and security issues in terms of data transmission and storage. In this article, we propose a blockchain-based authentication system to provide vehicle safety management. The privacy and security attributes of various vehicle authentication transactions are based on high-level cryptographic primitives, realizing temporary and formal authentication methods. At the same time, a fair blockchain consensus mechanism Auction of block generation Rights (AoR) is proposed. To demonstrate the feasibility and scalability of the proposed scheme, security and performance analyses are presented. The relevant experimental results show that the scheme can provide superior decentralized management for IoV.

scholarly journals RFID security protocols simulation and prototyping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Rfid Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Attack Models

As Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology achieves commercial success, its privacy and security issues are becoming a barrier to limit its potential for future start of the art applications. In this report, we present an investigation of the past and current research related to RFID security algorithms and protocols for product authentication. We also present a novel RFID security protocol based on eXtended Tiny Encryption Algorithm (XTEA). Analysis of the security and privacy level of our proposed protocol is performed using SystemC based modeling and different attack models are simulated to show that the protocol is robust and safe against application, protoypes of these attack models are implemented on FPGA platform. We also compare our proposed protocol technique with similar protocols presented in the near past that also use symmetric key algorithms to verify and demostrate main advantages of our protocol in terms of security and performance.

scholarly journals Few Shot Network Compression via Cross Distillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 3203-3210
Author(s):  
Haoli Bai ◽  
Jiaxiang Wu ◽  
Irwin King ◽  
Michael Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Training Data ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Model Compression ◽  
Network Output ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Network Compression

Model compression has been widely adopted to obtain light-weighted deep neural networks. Most prevalent methods, however, require fine-tuning with sufficient training data to ensure accuracy, which could be challenged by privacy and security issues. As a compromise between privacy and performance, in this paper we investigate few shot network compression: given few samples per class, how can we effectively compress the network with negligible performance drop? The core challenge of few shot network compression lies in high estimation errors from the original network during inference, since the compressed network can easily over-fits on the few training instances. The estimation errors could propagate and accumulate layer-wisely and finally deteriorate the network output. To address the problem, we propose cross distillation, a novel layer-wise knowledge distillation approach. By interweaving hidden layers of teacher and student network, layer-wisely accumulated estimation errors can be effectively reduced. The proposed method offers a general framework compatible with prevalent network compression techniques such as pruning. Extensive experiments n benchmark datasets demonstrate that cross distillation can significantly improve the student network's accuracy when only a few training instances are available.

scholarly journals Challenges and Potential Solutions for Big Data Implementations in Developing Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mayan ◽  
M. J. García ◽  
A. A. Almerares ◽  
M. Househ ◽  
D. R. Luna
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Thematic Review ◽  
Data Program ◽  
Further Development

Summary Background: The volume of data, the velocity with which they are generated, and their variety and lack of structure hinder their use. This creates the need to change the way information is captured, stored, processed, and analyzed, leading to the paradigm shift called Big Data. Objectives: To describe the challenges and possible solutions for developing countries when implementing Big Data projects in the health sector. Methods: A non-systematic review of the literature was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar. The following keywords were used: “big data”, “developing countries”, “data mining”, “health information systems”, and “computing methodologies”. A thematic review of selected articles was performed. Results: There are challenges when implementing any Big Data program including exponential growth of data, special infrastructure needs, need for a trained workforce, need to agree on interoperability standards, privacy and security issues, and the need to include people, processes, and policies to ensure their adoption. Developing countries have particular characteristics that hinder further development of these projects. Conclusions: The advent of Big Data promises great opportunities for the healthcare field. In this article, we attempt to describe the challenges developing countries would face and enumerate the options to be used to achieve successful implementations of Big Data programs.

scholarly journals RFID security protocols simulation and prototyping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Rfid Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Attack Models

As Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology achieves commercial success, its privacy and security issues are becoming a barrier to limit its potential for future start of the art applications. In this report, we present an investigation of the past and current research related to RFID security algorithms and protocols for product authentication. We also present a novel RFID security protocol based on eXtended Tiny Encryption Algorithm (XTEA). Analysis of the security and privacy level of our proposed protocol is performed using SystemC based modeling and different attack models are simulated to show that the protocol is robust and safe against application, protoypes of these attack models are implemented on FPGA platform. We also compare our proposed protocol technique with similar protocols presented in the near past that also use symmetric key algorithms to verify and demostrate main advantages of our protocol in terms of security and performance.

scholarly journals HPC Cloud Architecture to Reduce HPC Workflow Complexity in Containerized Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 923
Author(s):  
Guohua Li ◽  
Joon Woo ◽  
Sang Boem Lim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Workload Management ◽  
Job Management ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
Management Efficiency ◽  
Complexity Problem ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hpc Cloud

The complexity of high-performance computing (HPC) workflows is an important issue in the provision of HPC cloud services in most national supercomputing centers. This complexity problem is especially critical because it affects HPC resource scalability, management efficiency, and convenience of use. To solve this problem, while exploiting the advantage of bare-metal-level high performance, container-based cloud solutions have been developed. However, various problems still exist, such as an isolated environment between HPC and the cloud, security issues, and workload management issues. We propose an architecture that reduces this complexity by using Docker and Singularity, which are the container platforms most often used in the HPC cloud field. This HPC cloud architecture integrates both image management and job management, which are the two main elements of HPC cloud workflows. To evaluate the serviceability and performance of the proposed architecture, we developed and implemented a platform in an HPC cluster experiment. Experimental results indicated that the proposed HPC cloud architecture can reduce complexity to provide supercomputing resource scalability, high performance, user convenience, various HPC applications, and management efficiency.

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