scholarly journals Brain Dynamics Altered by Photic Stimulation in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Wei-Yang Yu ◽  
Intan Low ◽  
Chien Chen ◽  
Jong-Ling Fuh ◽  
Li-Fen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Photic Stimulation ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Perceptual Functioning

Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Repetitive photic stimulation (PS) is commonly used in routine electroencephalogram (EEG) examinations for rapid assessment of perceptual functioning. This study aimed to evaluate neural oscillatory responses and nonlinear brain dynamics under the effects of PS in patients with mild AD, moderate AD, severe AD, and MCI, as well as healthy elderly controls (HC). EEG power ratios during PS were estimated as an index of oscillatory responses. Multiscale sample entropy (MSE) was estimated as an index of brain dynamics before, during, and after PS. During PS, EEG harmonic responses were lower and MSE values were higher in the AD subgroups than in HC and MCI groups. PS-induced changes in EEG complexity were less pronounced in the AD subgroups than in HC and MCI groups. Brain dynamics revealed a “transitional change” between MCI and Mild AD. Our findings suggest a deficiency in brain adaptability in AD patients, which hinders their ability to adapt to repetitive perceptual stimulation. This study highlights the importance of combining spectral and nonlinear dynamical analysis when seeking to unravel perceptual functioning and brain adaptability in the various stages of neurodegenerative diseases.

Gait analysis with videogrammetry can differentiate healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 110816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe de Oliveira Silva ◽  
José Vinícius Ferreira ◽  
Jéssica Plácido ◽  
Daniel Chagas ◽  
Jomilto Praxedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly

scholarly journals Assessment for apraxia in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Ward ◽  
Juliana F. Cecato ◽  
Ivan Aprahamian ◽  
José Eduardo Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate apraxia in healthy elderly and in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: We evaluated 136 subjects with an average age of 75.74 years (minimum 60 years old, maximum 92 years old) and average schooling of 9 years (minimum of 7 and a maximum of 12 years), using the Mini-Mental State examination (MMSE), Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) and the Clock Drawing Test. For the analysis of the presence of apraxia, eight subitems from the CAMCOG were selected: the drawings of the pentagon, spiral, house, clock; and the tasks of putting a piece of paper in an envelope; the correct one hand waiving "Goodbye" movements; paper cutting using scissors; and brushing teeth. RESULTS: Elder controls had an average score of 11.51, compared to MCI (11.13), and AD patients, whose average apraxia test scores were the lowest (10.23). Apraxia scores proved able to differentiate the three groups studied (p=0.001). In addition, a negative correlation was observed between apraxia and MMSE scores. CONCLUSION: We conclude that testing for the presence of apraxia is important in the evaluation of patients with cognitive impairments and may help to differentiate elderly controls, MCI and AD.

scholarly journals Cognitive and Functional Profiles in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Compared to Healthy Elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 168-186
Author(s):  
Mark Marsico ◽  
Celeste A. de Jager ◽  
April Grant ◽  
Xingshu Zhu ◽  
Arwen Markwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Functional Profiles

scholarly journals Direct and indirect neurological, cognitive and behavioral effects of COVID-19 on the normal elderly, Mild-Cognitive-Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Iodice ◽  
Valeria Cassano ◽  
Paolo Maria Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Abstract This article reviews the main articles that have been published so far about the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on a particularly fragile population represented by the healthy elderly people as well as those with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Such populations have been among the most affected in the early stages of the pandemic due to the direct effects of the virus and numerous indirect effects now emerge and will have to be carefully assessed over time. The pandemic associated to COVID-19 has shifted most of the health resources to the emergency area and has consequently left the three main medical areas that dealing with the elderly population (oncology, time-dependent diseases and degenerative disease) temporarily “uncovered”. In the phase following the emergency, it will be crucial to guarantee to each area the economic and organizational resources to quickly return to the level of support of the pre-pandemic state. The emergency phase represented an important moment of discussion on the possibilities of telemedicine which will inevitably become increasingly important but all the limits of its use in the elderly population have to be considered. In the post-lockdown recovery phase, alongside the classic medical evaluation, the psychological evaluation must become even more important for doctors caring about people with cognitive decline.

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