scholarly journals Before and After: A Multiscale Remote Sensing Assessment of the Sinop Dam, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-330
Author(s):  
Oliver Lucanus ◽  
Margaret Kalacska ◽  
J. Pablo Arroyo-Mora ◽  
Leandro Sousa ◽  
Lucélia Nobre Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
High Water ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Shallow Habitat ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Methane Enhancement ◽  
Immersive Visualization ◽  
Fish Habitats

Hydroelectric dams are a major threat to rivers in the Amazon. They are known to decrease river connectivity, alter aquatic habitats, and emit greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Multiscale remotely sensed data can be used to assess and monitor hydroelectric dams over time. We analyzed the Sinop dam on the Teles Pires river from high spatial resolution satellite imagery to determine the extent of land cover inundated by its reservoir, and subsequent methane emissions from TROPOMI S-5P data. For two case study areas, we generated 3D reconstructions of important endemic fish habitats from unmanned aerial vehicle photographs. We found the reservoir flooded 189 km2 (low water) to 215 km2 (high water) beyond the extent of the Teles Pires river, with 13–30 m tall forest (131.4 Mg/ha average AGB) the predominant flooded class. We further found the reservoir to be a source of methane enhancement in the region. The 3D model showed the shallow habitat had high complexity important for ichthyofauna diversity. The distinctive habitats of rheophile fishes, and of the unique species assemblage found in the tributaries have been permanently modified following inundation. Lastly, we illustrate immersive visualization options for both the satellite imagery and 3D products.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation of Myriapoda (Diplopoda and Chilopoda) assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorhaine Santos-Silva ◽  
Tamaris Gimenez Pinheiro ◽  
Amazonas Chagas-Jr ◽  
Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽  
Leandro Dênis Battirola
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Hydrological Cycles

Abstract: Myriapods constitute important edaphic macrofauna taxa which dwell in different trophic levels and influence the dynamics of these environments. This study evaluated the variation in composition, richness and abundance of edaphic myriapod assemblages as a function of the distribution and structure of flooded and non-flooded habitats (spatial variation) and hydrological seasonality (temporal variation) in a floodplain of the northern Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Sampling was carried out in three areas of the Poconé Pantanal, along an altitudinal and inundation gradient consisting of inundated and non-inundated habitats and different vegetation formations. Three quadrats (10 x 10 m) were delimited within each habitat type, where sampling was performed using pitfall traps and mini-Winkler extractors during the dry, rising water, high water and receding water periods of two hydrological cycles within the Pantanal (2010/2011 and 2011/2012). A total of 549 millipedes were collected, consisting of 407 Diplopoda and 142 Chilopoda distributed in six orders, 12 families and 20 species. The assemblages composition varied throughout the seasonal periods, indicating that the rising water and dry periods differed from the high water and receding water periods. In addition to the variation between seasonal periods, myriapod richness and abundance also varied in relation to areas consisting of different vegetation formations. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrological seasonality associated with the inundation gradient and different vegetation types were determinant in the heterogeneous spatial and temporal distribution of myriapod assemblages, validating that the conservation of these invertebrates in the Pantanal is directly linked to the preservation of vegetation, and consequently, ecosystem integrity.

scholarly journals Changes in composition of aquatic bird assemblages associated with changing in water levels in the Aquatic Terrestrial Transitional Zone of the Pantanal wetland Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e4479108555
Author(s):  
Josué Ribeiro da Silva Nunes ◽  
Carolina Joana da Silva ◽  
Solange Kimie Ikeda-Castrillon ◽  
Nilo Leal Sander
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
High Water ◽  
Flood Pulse ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Aquatic Birds ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Paraguay River ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pantanal Wetland

The Pantanal wetland Mato Grosso, Brazil is among the largest floodplains in the world, with a mosaic of different habitats and rich aquatic and terrestrial biota. The habitat mosaics are found in the Chacororé and Sinhá Mariana lake System. These parental lakes of the Cuiabá River, a left tributary of the Upper Paraguay River, are known for their aquatic productivity and scenic beauty. The characteristics of these lakes and their floodplains are showed through the difference between their waters, the diversity of the aquatic macrophytes communities, fish communities and aquatic birds. Our study looked at changes in limnological variables as well as diversity of aquatic birds, during high water or flooded phase; medium water or receding phase; and the low water or dry phase. We used a temporary small lagoon in the floodplain of this system as our study area. The flood pulse is the main ecological factor affecting the Pantanal; it modifies ecological process and species composition. The water depth decreases during the season, decreasing electrical conductivity, dissolved phosphate and nitrate, water transparency, dissolved oxygen and biomass of aquatic macrophyte; and increasing calcium, total phosphorus and total nitrogen. We also observed increase in species richness and abundance of aquatic birds during the receding phase. Results show that the number of species (density) of aquatic birds increased from 10 to 30 species and the numbers of individuals from 40 to 936. The maximum richness and abundance of aquatic birds was registered during the receding phase.

scholarly journals EFEITO DA EXPLORAÇÃO NA RIQUEZA FLORÍSTICA E DIVERSIDADE EM UMA FLORESTA ECOTONAL DA REGIÃO NORTE MATO-GROSSENSE

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirle Colpini ◽  
Versides Sebastião de Moraes e Silva ◽  
Thelma Shirlen Soares ◽  
José Vespasiano Lisboa Assumpção ◽  
Roberto Chiaranda
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Floristic Richness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Southern Amazonia

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as mudanças ocorridas na riqueza e diversidade de espécies em uma floresta ecotonal na região norte mato-grossense. Os dados foram coletados em três ocasiões (2001, antes da exploração, e em 2003 e 2007, após a exploração), em 74 parcelas de 0,25 ha, sendo 69 para estudar a floresta não explorada e 5 para a explorada, com a retirada dos fustes de árvores com diâmetros comercialmente aceitos no mercado. Todos os indivíduos com diâmetro a 1,3 m de altura do solo (Dap) ≥ 17 cm foram mensurados e identificados. A diversidade florística foi avaliada por meio do quociente de mistura de Jentsch e pelo índice de Shannon-Wiener e a equabilidade pelo índice de Pielou. A variação da riqueza e diversidade de espécies antes e após a exploração madeireira foi pequena, o que confirma o baixo impacto da exploração na composição e diversidade das espécies da floresta.Palavras-chave: Diversidade; equabilidade; Amazônia Meridional. AbstractLogging effects on floristic richness and species diversity in an ecotonal forest in northern region of Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in relation to floristic richness and species diversity in an ecotonal forest in northern region of Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Data had been collected along three different moments (2001 [before logging], in 2003 and 2007 [after logging]) in 74 0.25-ha plots (69 in unlogged forest and 5 in logged forest). Trees with diameter ≥ 17 cm and 1.3 m height (dbh) had been measured and identified. Floristic diversity was evaluated by Jentsch Coefficient of Mixture and Shannon-Wiener index as well as its equability by Pielou’s Index. There were little variations before and after logging in relation to floristic richness and species diversity, it confirms low impact of exploration on floristic composition and species diversity of the forest.Keywords: Diversity; equability; Southern Amazonia. 

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of ventilatory function through pre and postoperative peak expiratory flow in patients submitted to elective upper abdominal surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAIO FERNANDO CAVANUS SCHEEREN ◽  
JOSÉ JÚLIO SARAIVA GONÇALVES
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Ventilatory Function ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Upper Abdomen

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the ventilatory function by Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) in the immediate pre and postoperative periods of patients undergoing elective surgical procedures in the upper abdomen. Methods: we conducted a prospective cohort study including 47 patients admitted to the Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul from July to December 2014, who underwent elective surgeries of the upper abdomen, and submiited to spirometric evaluation and measurement of PEF immediately before and after surgery. Results: of the 47 patients, 22 (46.8%) were male and 25 (53.20%) female. The mean preoperative PEF was 412.1±91.7, and postoperative, 331.0±87.8, indicating significant differences between the two variables. Men had higher PEF values than women, both in the pre and postoperative periods. There was a reasonable inverse correlation between age and decreased PEF. Both situations showed statistical significance (p<0.001). The group of smokers had lower PEF values both before and after surgery. The group of patients with comorbidities (hypertension and/or diabetes) showed lower PEF values both pre and postoperatively (p=0.005). In both groups, surgery resulted in a significant decrease in PEF (p<0.001). The type of surgery performed and the type of anesthesia did not show significant differences. Conclusion: the variables most involved in decreased lung function were: advanced age, smoking and presence of comorbidities. However, there is no consistent evidence to suggest conducting routine spirometry in such patients.

Structure, Deposition and Quality of Oyster Shell (Ostrea virginica Gmelin)

1944 ◽  
Vol 6c (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Medcof
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
High Water ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Functional Importance ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Porous Mass

Low quality shells are easily broken, have a high water content and low specific gravity, and contain little pearly and much chalky material. Pearly shell is secreted throughout the season before and after the chalk which it incloses. Chalky areas occur in all shells, have functional importance, are commonest in oysters that are poorest in late summer and are regular in their order of appearance and position on the shell. They are composed of large vertical calcite crystals in a porous mass of smaller crystals with a protein matrix.

scholarly journals Ant community (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) canopies in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Sociobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcia Yamazaki ◽  
Juliana Dambroz ◽  
Eliandra Meurer ◽  
Vanessa França Vindica ◽  
Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canopy Fogging

Ants act in different trophic levels and are important due to their abundance, distribution and diversity in a variety of habitats, exercising influence on many different organisms and ecosystems. Thus, this study compared temporal variation on the structure and composition of the Formicidae community in canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) during high water and dry periods, in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Ant sampling was performed on 12 specimens of C. fasciculata, in 2010 and 2011, using canopy fogging with insecticide, in a total of 120m² of sampled canopy. Altogether, 2,958 ants were collected. The 2,943 adults were distributed in four subfamilies, 12 genus and 26 species. Myrmicinae (18.7 ind./m2) was the most representative taxon, followed by Formicinae (3.2 ind./m2), Dolichoderinae (2.2 ind./m2) and Pseudomyrmecinae (0.3 ind./m2). The community is made up of six trophic groups, in which omnivorous (23.5 ind./m2) were the most prevalent, followed by minimum hypogeical generalists (0.5 ind./m2) and arboreal generalist predators (0.3 ind./m2). Although the results showed that Formicidae community richness, associated to C. fasciculata canopies, does not represent a significant difference among the seasonal periods, there are differences as to species distribution and grouping in trophic guilds on the host plant over the seasonal periods, indicating the influence of temporal variation, and therefore, habitat conditions on this community.

scholarly journals EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN LA ESCUELA SECUNDARIA: DESDE LAS CONCEPCIONES PREVIAS DE LOS ESTUDIANTES, LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN HORNO SOLAR COMO PRÁCTICA EDUCATIVA

PARADIGMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 437-464
Author(s):  
Weslaine Da Silva Santos ◽  
Marcelo Franco Leão
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
High School Class ◽  
Environmental Actions ◽  
Perceptions Of Students ◽  
Before And After

La Educación Ambiental (EA) impregna todas las áreas del conocimiento y se puede trabajar dediferentes maneras y en diferentes espacios con el objetivo de contribuir a la formación de laspersonas para que vivan con el medio ambiente de manera equilibrada y sostenible. El objetivodel estudio fue analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes de una clase de secundaria en unaescuela pública en Mato Grosso sobre EA, así como desarrollar una actividad experimentalcomo una acción práctica sostenible. Esta es una investigación descriptiva y exploratoria, conun enfoque cualitativo, realizada en 2019, en una escuela pública en Confresa / MT. En el estudioparticiparon 21 estudiantes y utilizó cuestionarios abiertos para recopilar datos, aplicados antesy después de la práctica experimental. La actividad práctica consistió en construir y probar unhorno solar desarrollado con materiales de bajo costo. Los resultados revelaron las percepcionessobre el concepto de EA y el medio ambiente, los problemas ambientales a ctuales, laparticipación en acciones ambientales, la evaluación de la intervención realizada, lascontribuciones al pensamiento crítico y el aprendizaje construido. Por lo tanto, la construccióndel horno solar fue capaz de sensibilizar a los estudiantes, mostrándoles una práctica fácil, baratay rápida que se puede tomar como una solución a los problemas ambientalesPalabras clave: Educación ambiental, medio ambiente, horno solarEducação Ambiental no Ensino Médio: Das concepções prévias dos estudantes a construção de um forno solar como prática educativaResumoA Educação Ambiental (EA) perpassa todas as áreas do conhecimento e pode ser trabalhada dediferentes maneiras e diversos espaços visando contribuir na formação de pessoas para queconvivam com o ambiente de forma equilibrada e sustentável. O objetivo do estudo foi analisaras percepções dos estudantes de uma turma de Ensino Médio de uma escola pública matogrossense acerca da EA, bem como desenvolver uma atividade experimental como ação práticasustentável. Trata se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa,realizada em 2019, em uma escola pública de Confresa/MT. O estudo envolveu 21 estudantes eutilizou questionários abertos para coletar de dados, aplicados antes e após a práticaexperimental. A atividade prática consistiu na construção e testagem de um forno solardesenvolvido com materiais de baixo custo. Os resultados revelaram as percepções sobre o conceito de EA e meio ambiente, problemas ambientais atuais, participação em açõesambientais, avaliação da intervenção realizada, contribuições para o pensamento crítico eaprendizados construídos. Logo, a construção do forno solar foi capaz de sensibilizar osestudantes , demonstrando a estes uma prática fácil, barata e rápida que pode ser tomada comosolução para os problemas ambientais .Palavras chave: Educação Ambiental, meio ambiente, forno solarEnvironmental Education in High School: From the students' previous conceptions the construction of a solar oven as an educational practiceAbstractEnvironmental Education (EE ) permeates all areas of knowledge and can be worked in differentways and in different spaces aiming to contribute to the formation of people so that they livewith the environment in a balanc ed and sustainable way. The aim of the study was to analyzethe perceptions of students from a high school class in a public school in Mato Grosso aboutE E , as well as to develop an experimental activity as a sustainable practical action. This is adescrip tive and exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, conducted in 2019, in a publicschool in Confresa / MT. The study involved 21 students and used open questionnaires to collectdata, applied before and after the experimental practice. The practic al activity consisted ofbuilding and testing a solar oven developed with low cost materials. The results revealed theperceptions about the concept of E E and the environment, current environmental problems,participation in environmental actions, evaluation of the intervention performed, contributionsto critical thinking and constructed learning. Therefore, the construction of the solar oven wasable to sensitize students, demonstrating to them an easy, cheap and quick practice that can betaken as a solution to environmental problems.Keywords:Environmental education environment , solar oven

scholarly journals HYDROELECTRIC DAMS FROM MADEIRA RIVER SEASONALLY IMPACTS THE FISHERIES PRODUCTION IN THE GUAPORÉ BASIN (RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Helen Cristina PARAZZI de Freitas ◽  
Carolina Rodrigues da Costa DORIA ◽  
Raniere Garcez Costa SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Madeira River

In the Amazon region, fisheries play an important role in the socioeconomic and cultural context and are directly affected by changes in the hydrological cycle, which can interfere with the numbers and frequency of fish species landed. This study analyzed the variation of fishery production against the seasonality of the water level of the Guaporé River (a tributary of the Madeira River) using information contained in the records of fishery landings in the area under study. In addition, two periods pre (2000 to 2008) and post (2009 to 2019) installation of the Jirau and Santo Antônio dams in the Madeira River were considered. Fish production in the period prior to damming indicated linearity (r2 = 0.41) which was inversely proportional to the water levels of the Guaporé River, with low fish production in the flood and high production during the low water phases. However, for the period after damming, these variables showed low correlation (r2 = 0.14). Among the fish species exploited, 35.13% presented significant differences (p <0.05) between the production values for the periods before and after installation of the dams. Therefore, the results showed significant differences between the values of fishery production by species and phases of the hydrological cycle of the Guaporé River, which occurred in the periods pre and post damming of the Madeira River, which indicates that the hydroelectric dams have negatively impacted the fish stocks of this region. The information contained in this study is useful and serves as a basis for coherent decision-making, since it aids in the sustainable management and monitoring of fish stocks in the Madeira River Basin.

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