scholarly journals Hydro-Meteorological Incident and Disaster Response in Sri Lanka. Case Study: 2016 May Rain Events

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hiran I. Tillekaratne ◽  
Induka Werellagama ◽  
Chandrasekara M. Madduma-Bandara ◽  
Thalakumbure W. M. T. W. Bandara ◽  
Amila Abeynayaka
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Rainfall Prediction ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Disaster Declarations

This paper investigates hydro-meteorological hazards faced by Sri Lanka, a lower-middle-income island country in Asia. It provides a case study of a major hydro-meteorological disaster incident that resulted in one of the largest landslides in the history of the country, the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) process, and the national disaster response. Rainfall and flood inundation data are provided for the whole country. The fact that data are held by several government agencies (namely Department of Meteorology, Department of Irrigation, and NBRO), somewhat coordinated by the Disaster Management Center (DMC) is shown. The need for more streamlined coordination of hydro-met data with online access of data for researchers is emphasized. The flood disaster situation and disaster declaration of the Western Province (which contributes nearly 40% of the GDP) is looked at, and evidence is presented to recommend a smaller governance unit for future disaster declarations, in order to bring aid to the places where it is needed and leaving other areas of the province to carry on with the normal economic activity. An example of the use of climate change scenarios in rainfall prediction is provided from a developed island nation (New Zealand). The need for Sri Lanka to increase its spending for hydro-met services (both infrastructure and skills) is highlighted (the global norm being 0.02 of GDP), as the return on such investment is tenfold.

scholarly journals (P2-4) Prehospital System Development in Jaffna, Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s136-s136
Author(s):  
P. Bollinger ◽  
J. Zimmerman ◽  
K. Bertermann ◽  
R. Nominathan ◽  
D.R. Woodyard
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
System Development ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
First Year ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Indicators Of Success

IntroductionThis case study presents the development of a prehospital system in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. The case then outlines the development of the system, examines its first year of operations, and investigates possible reasons for the results of the development of the prehospital system in Jaffna. Finally, the case discusses the continued operations of the system.MethodsThis case study qualitatively researches the development of the Jaffna prehospital care system by looking at indicators of success in human resources, technical knowledge and community awareness. The case study also quantitatively examines the utilization and financial performance of the system during its first year of operation.ResultsAccording to indicators, the implementation of the model and its functioning can arguably be considered successful in terms of utility, and in many regards financial stability. The system has already responded to over 2,000 emergency calls in its first eleven months of operation. The main ambulance and call center has managed to operate at only a $13.50 USD loss during its first twelve months of operation. It has established quality standards by utilizing trained Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT) and ambulances featuring basic life saving equipment. The system has also integrated itself as a part of the overall health system of the community it is serving.ConclusionsThe system's success in development should be examined as a potential model for implementing prehospital care in a developing and middle-income country setting, while keeping in mind factors outside of the system that were integral to its developmental success.

Gäwula: The Invention of a Hybrid Drum in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Eshantha Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Bare Hand ◽  
History Of

In the late 1990s, the Sri Lankan drummer Piyasara Shilpadhipathi invented a new drum that he named ‘gäwula’ The gäwula was conceived of as a hybrid between two traditional Sri Lankan drums, namely the double-conical-shaped gäṭa beraya and the barrel-shaped dawula, which are associated with two different regional ritual traditions. A double-headed drum that is tied around the drummer’s waist, the gäwula features the timbres of the gäṭa beraya on one drumhead and those of the dawula on the other drumhead. As prescribed by the drum’s inventor, the gäwula can be played either with two bare heads or with one bare hand and a stick in the other hand, similar to the dawula. Shilpadhipathi also composed a vocabulary of drum-patterns that can be played on the gäwula and created a systematic method for learning to play it. This article discusses the production of the gäwula, the ideologies behind its invention, and the contexts within which it has been practised and performed. Using the history of the gäwula as a case study, this paper explores how cultural discourses and individual agency can influence the invention of new musical instruments.

scholarly journals Pregnant Mother and Baby Kits in Disaster Response: The Case Study of 2018 Floods in North of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.W.A.N.Y. Wijesekara ◽  
A. Wedamulla ◽  
K. Thirumagal ◽  
K.A.L.C. Kodituwakku ◽  
A.N.H. Mendis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pregnant Mother ◽  
The North ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Pregnant mothers and neonates represent two important vulnerable groups in the aftermath of disasters. During population displacement due to floods in the North of Sri Lanka in 2018, there was a need to provide pregnant mother and baby kits to the affected pregnant mothers close to delivery and neonatal kits for the infants. This case study describes the efforts of the health sector in the provision of pregnant mother and baby kits with the support of well-wishers in the aftermath of floods. The need for pregnant mother and baby kits and the lack of prepositioned kits were reconfirmed. A list of items in the pregnant mother and baby kit was obtained. The necessary items were procured through voluntary subscription by well-wishers and assembled into kits in Colombo. Twenty-five maternity and neonatal kits procured and gathered through the voluntary subscription by volunteers were dispatched to the affected areas within 24 hours of the receipt of the request. The above action was mirrored by the Asia Pacific Alliance for Disaster Management (APAD). Stockpiling pregnant mother and baby kits even in small numbers in hospitals, getting into a memorandum of understanding with suitable stakeholders for urgent supply in disasters, and family level preparedness to take with them the pregnant mother and baby kit during flood evacuation are recommended.

scholarly journals Responding to Disaster with Alternative Education: A Case Study of a Post-disaster Education Project in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 250-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishaq-ur-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Education ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Education Project ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Post Disaster

The paper presents a case study and lessons learnt from an alternative education project implemented in two cyclone-devastated districts of Bangladesh as a post-disaster response and recovery initiative after the massive cyclone ‘Sidr' in November 2007. A survey revealed that the shattered financial condition of local families along with other problems in the formal education system was causing dropouts and non-attendance. Based on the needs assessment the NGO Islamic Relief Worldwide implemented an alternative education project named ‘Anondo Biddaloy-Alternative Education for ‘Sidr’ Affected Children’. In an effort of creating access to the formal education for the drop-out and nonenrolled children, the project focused on regaining and augmenting their interest towards education by offering a learner friendly, joyful education scheme that combined life skills and livelihood skills education with health and wellbeing aspects. Implementation of the project resulted into introducing and retaining a significant number i.e. almost 80% of its target group in mainstream education. The project thus brought about a major lesson that education with an alternative nature (to the mainstream) can effectively contribute towards ensuring education for vulnerable target groups in a crisis. With an aim of contributing to the academic and practitioner’s knowledge of the community relevant to providing education in post-disaster situation, the paper has specific purposes of sharing the concept and contents of the particular alternative education initiative as well as lessons learnt from it.

scholarly journals AYURVEDA MEDICINE INTERVENTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KITIBHA KUSHTHA (PSORIASIS): A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumudu Weerasekera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Treatment Regime ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment

ABSTRACT Kitibha kushtha is one of the common forms of disorder which can be correlated with psoriasis in modern medicine. According to Ayurveda classics, the disease arise mainly due to vitiation of Tridosha (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Medas and Kleda dhatu. This disease primarily characterized by Syava (silvery scaly lesions), Kinakara sparsha (Hard), and Parusha (rough to touch). It is observed that many Ayurveda treatment regimes have been used to treat Kitibha kushtha. Therefore, this study was accomplished to evaluate the Ayurvedic treatment regime for Kitibha kushtha.  A fourteen year old female patient was referred to Ayurvedic Teaching Hospital, Borella, Sri Lanka with two years history of Kitibha kushtha, presented with symptoms of Syava (silvery scaly lesions), Kinakara sparsha (Hard), Parusha (rough to touch and Kandu (severe itching) of the affected area of skin. These existing clinical features were graded and marked using a standard performa. Treatment regime conducted for nine weeks continuously and results were recorded through subsequent visits every week. At the end of the treatment period the patient was entirely relief (100%) from clinical features of the disease Kitibha kushtha. Key words: Kitibha kushtha, Treatment regime, Psoriasis, Ayurveda

Press Propaganda and Subaltern Agents of Pan-Islamic Networks in the Muslim Mediterranean World prior to World War I

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World War I ◽  
North Africa ◽  
World War ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
The Press ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
History Of

This chapter explores movement and circulation across the Mediterranean and seeks to contribute to a history of proto-nationalism in the Maghrib and the Middle East at a particular moment prior to World War I. The discussion is particularly concerned with the interface of two Mediterranean spaces: the Middle East (Egypt, Ottoman Empire) and North Africa (Morocco), where the latter is viewed as a case study where resistance movements sought external allies as a way of compensating for their internal weakness. Applying methods developed by Subaltern Studies, and linking macro-historical approaches, namely of a translocal movement in the Muslim Mediterranean, it explores how the Egypt-based society, al-Ittihad al-Maghribi, through its agent, Aref Taher, used the press as an instrument for political propaganda, promoting its Pan-Islamic programme and its goal of uniting North Africa.

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