Multiple drug-resistant <em>Vibrio cholerae </em>responsible for cholera outbreak among migrant domestic workers in Kerala, South India

The drug susceptibility and genes responsible for the drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Vietnam in 1995, 2000 and 2002 were studied. The strains isolated in 1995 were resistant to streptomycin and harboured the class I integron which contained the aadA1 gene responsible for streptomycin resistance. The strains isolated in 2000 were devoid of a class I integron but were multiple-drug resistant and harboured SXT constin, with several drug-resistant genes. The genes responsible for streptomycin resistance were strA and strB. The strains isolated in 2002 were sensitive to all drugs examined, and the organisms were devoid of both class I integron and SXT constin. Cholera outbreaks in the three periods examined (1995, 2000 and 2002) were apparently due to different categories of V. cholerae O1.

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Multiple Drug-Resistant Vibrio Cholerae Responsible for Cholera Outbreak among Migrant Domestic Workers in Kerala, South India

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020066026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Kiran Krishna ◽

Abdulaziz Anas ◽

Sreelakshmi Parakkaparambil Kuttan ◽

Syamkumar Vijayakumar ◽

Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Cholera Outbreak ◽

Pathogenic Vibrio ◽

Sanitation And Hygiene ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant ◽

Clonal Origin ◽

Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Pcr

Cholera outbreaks are prevalent in countries with a low Human Development Index (HDI) where people have limited access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Intriguingly, the state of Kerala which records the highest HDI in India is endemic to cholera. We discuss the epidemiology of a cholera outbreak reported among migrant workers of Kerala in 2017. Virulence genes of Vibrio cholerae, toxR and ctxA, were detected in the river and ground water samples collected from the outbreaks sites which indicates need of enhanced awareness on WASH practices among migrant workers. The pathogenic Vibrio cholerae isolated from four patients in two districts had a similar DNA band pattern when analysed using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (BOX), which indicates their single clonal origin. The four isolates were serotyped as O1 Ogawa. These isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics including the carbapenem like imipenem. Nevertheless, isolates of these pathogenic bacteria were susceptible to tetracycline, identical to clinical isolates of Vibrio cholera reported earlier from this region. The current study highlights the importance of generating awareness on WASH protocols among migrant workers to prevent the outbreaks and considers community-based data as socioeconomic variable to predict the incidence of cholera.

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Fomes fomentarius and Tricholoma anatolicum (Agaricomycetes) Extracts Exhibit Significant Multiple Drug-Resistant Modulation Activity in Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms ◽

10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2020033174 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 105-114

Author(s):

Hasan Hüseyin Doğan ◽

Meltem Demirel Kars ◽

Özdem Özdemir ◽

Ufuk Gündüz

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Fomes Fomentarius ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant

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A multiple drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae-caused acute otitis media

10.31923/pooltext-preprint-7939-4350-0090 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Serhat Sirekbasan

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Complete genome sequence of a multiple drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi CT18.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1002051.17067 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

Stefan Kaufmann

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant

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trans-Translation inhibitors bind to a novel site on the ribosome and clear Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vivo

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-22012-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zachary D. Aron ◽

Atousa Mehrani ◽

Eric D. Hoffer ◽

Kristie L. Connolly ◽

Pooja Srinivas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Dose ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Specific Inhibition ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Peptidyl Transfer ◽

Bacterial Ribosome ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant ◽

Unique Site

AbstractBacterial ribosome rescue pathways that remove ribosomes stalled on mRNAs during translation have been proposed as novel antibiotic targets because they are essential in bacteria and are not conserved in humans. We previously reported the discovery of a family of acylaminooxadiazoles that selectively inhibit trans-translation, the main ribosome rescue pathway in bacteria. Here, we report optimization of the pharmacokinetic and antibiotic properties of the acylaminooxadiazoles, producing MBX-4132, which clears multiple-drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in mice after a single oral dose. Single particle cryogenic-EM studies of non-stop ribosomes show that acylaminooxadiazoles bind to a unique site near the peptidyl-transfer center and significantly alter the conformation of ribosomal protein bL27, suggesting a novel mechanism for specific inhibition of trans-translation by these molecules. These results show that trans-translation is a viable therapeutic target and reveal a new conformation within the bacterial ribosome that may be critical for ribosome rescue pathways.

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