scholarly journals Wearable Sensors to Characterize the Autonomic Nervous System Correlates of Food-Like Odors Perception: A Pilot Study

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Tonacci ◽  
Jessica Di Monte ◽  
Maria Beatrice Meucci ◽  
Francesco Sansone ◽  
Anna Paola Pala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Background: The sense of smell has been recently recognized as one of the most important sensory features in the human being, representing a reliable biomarker for a number of clinical conditions. The relationship between olfactory function and the person’s attitude towards food has frequently been investigated, often using questionnaires. The administration of minimally invasive methods for characterizing autonomic nervous system (ANS) functionality could help in objectivizing such measurements. Methods: The present study assessed ANS activation through the analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals, in response to olfactory stimuli using non-invasive wearable devices. The ANS activation was also studied with respect to the odor familiarity, as well as with other olfactory and food dimensions (e.g., odor identification, odor pleasantness, food neophobia). Results: We demonstrated a significant activation of the ANS, in particular of its sympathetic branch, during the olfactory stimulation, with the ECG signal seen as more sensitive to detect ANS response to moderate olfactory stimuli rather than the GSR. Conclusions: When applied to a greater number of subjects, or to specific groups of patients, this methodology could represent a promising, reliable addition to diagnostic methods currently used in clinical settings.

Selective Unilateral Autonomic Activation: Implications for Psychiatry

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Shannahoff-Khalsa
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Autonomic Activation ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Forced Breathing ◽  
Autonomic Reflex

ABSTRACTResearch advances have led to three methods for selectively activating one half of the autonomic nervous system in humans.The first method is an ancient yogic technique called unilateral forced nostril breathing (UFNB) that employs forced breathing through only one nostril while closing off the other. The second method works by stimulation of an autonomic reflex point on the fifth intercostal space near the axilla. The most recent method employs unilateral vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) via the mid-inferior cervical branch and requires surgical implantation of a wire and pacemaker. UFNB is non-invasive and seems to selectively activate the ipsilateral branch of the sympathetic nervous system with a possible compensation effect leading to contralateral VNS. UFNB and VNS have been employed to treat psychiatric disorders. While UFNB has been studied for its potential effects on the endogenous ultradian rhythms of the autonomic and central nervous system, and their tightly coupled correlates, VNS has yet to be studied in this regard. This article reviews these three methods and discusses their similarities, putative mechanisms, their studied effects on the endogenous autonomic nervous system and central nervous system rhythms, and their implications for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

Classification of Individuals Based on Autonomic Response to Virtual Gaming

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4385-4393
Author(s):  
S. Chandana ◽  
B. R. Purnima ◽  
Prabhu Ravikala Vittal
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Response ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive

Modern games consists of digital gaming consoles that involves interaction with a user and has an interface to generate visual feedback through 2D/3D monitor. These games have several psychological side effects like loss of spatial awareness, back pains, insomnia, addiction, aggression, stress, and hypertension. Virtual reality (VR) Gaming is one of the most emerging and novel technologies in the field of entertainment. Evaluation of this new technology has become important in order to analyze the effects of its predecessors (2D and 3D gaming). The main focus of this paper is on detection of stress levels in individuals due to VR gaming and classify them depending on their sympathetic and parasympathetic dominance. This is done through acquisition of electrocardiogram (ECG) and photo plethysmograph signals (PPG) signals and extracting their time domain and frequency domain features before, during and after gaming (Fatma Uysal and Mahmut Tokmakçi, 2018. Evaluation of stress parameters based on heart rate variability measurement. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. [email protected], [email protected]., da Silva1, A.G.C.B., Arauj, D.N., et al, 2018. Increase in perceived stress is correlated to lower heart rate variability in healthy young subjects. Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. s/n., 81531–980, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected].). The physiological signal variation is analyzed by performing Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis over ECG signals which is one of the fast emerging methods in non-invasive research and clinical tools for assessing autonomic nervous system function (Juan Sztajzel, 2004. Heart rate variability: Aa non-invasive electrocardiographic method to measure the autonomic nervous system. Cardiology Center and Medical Policlinics, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, SWISS MED WKLY 2004;134:514–522. www.smw.ch). Pulse-transmissiontime-variability (PTTV), which is extracted, has high coherence with heart rate variability and is also used as an objective measure of stress. In this paper we obtain the response of an individual during VR gaming and correlate them with the HRV/PTT parameters. The game chosen for the data acquisition was ‘VR city view rope crossing-360 android VR,’ during which data recording is done. It was found that there was a quantitative increase in physiological stress when individuals were exposed to virtual high heights in comparison with time relative to unaltered viewing. Mean Heart rate showed a significant increase during gaming for both boys and girls which indicates that the body is under the influence of a sympathetic activity like a physical exercise.

Non-invasive brain stimulation and the autonomic nervous system

2013 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 1716-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Schestatsky ◽  
Marcel Simis ◽  
Roy Freeman ◽  
Alvaro Pascual-Leone ◽  
Felipe Fregni
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive

A multi-sensor system for the non-invasive measurement of the activity of the autonomic nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dittmar ◽  
H. Rada ◽  
G. Delhomme ◽  
E. Vernet-Maury ◽  
C. Collet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Measurement

scholarly journals Heart rate variability as an indicator of autonomic nervous system disturbance in tetanus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Thi Hai Duong ◽  
Girmaw Abebe Tadesse ◽  
Phung Tran Huy Nhat ◽  
Nguyen Van Hao ◽  
John Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Grade 3

AbstractAutonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD) is a significant cause of mortality in tetanus. Currently diagnosis relies on non-specific clinical signs. Heart rate variability (HRV) may indicate underlying autonomic nervous system activity and represents a potentially valuable non-invasive tool for ANSD diagnosis in tetanus. HRV was measured from 3 5-minute ECG recordings during a 24-hour period in a cohort patients with severe tetanus, all receiving mechanical ventilation. HRV measurements from all subjects - 5 with ANSD (Ablett Grade 4) and 4 patients without ANSD (Ablett Grade 3) - showed HRV was lower than reported ranges for healthy individuals. Comparing different severities of tetanus, raw data for both time and frequency measurements of HRV were reduced in those with ANSD compared to those without. Differences were statistically significant in all except root mean square standard deviation RMSSD (p=0.07) indicating HRV may be a valuable tool in ANSD diagnosis.

Salivary a-amylase Activity-a Novel Non-Invasive Biomarker in Clinical Pathology

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-730
Author(s):  
Sebastian Cozma ◽  
Cristian Martu ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc ◽  
Francesca Romana Patacchioli ◽  
Lucia Corina Dima Cozma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
System Activation

Salivary biomarkers have developed into biological clinical research because they are accessible and easily obtained. Salivary a-amylase was proposed as an associat marker of salivary cortisol in assessing stress and at the same time as a possible non-invasive indicator of autonomic nervous system activation. Studies conducted so far have tested a-amylase activity in psychiatric disorders, diabetic neuropathy, lung disease, and autonomic nervous system activation in hypertension or heart failure.

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