Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review

Wireless cellular networks are emerging to take a strong stand in attempts to achieve pervasive large scale obtainment, communication, and processing with the evolution of the fifth generation (5G) network. Both the present day cellular technologies and the evolving new age 5G are considered to be advantageous for the smart grid. The 5G networks exhibit relevant services for critical and timely applications for greater aspects in the smart grid. In the present day electricity markets, 5G provides new business models to the energy providers and improves the way the utility communicates with the grid systems. In this work, a complete analysis and a review of the 5G network and its vision regarding the smart grid is exhibited. The work discusses the present day wireless technologies, and the architectural changes for the past years are shown. Furthermore, to understand the user-based analyses in a smart grid, a detailed analysis of 5G architecture with the grid perspectives is exhibited. The current status of 5G networks in a smart grid with a different analysis for energy efficiency is vividly explained in this work. Furthermore, focus is emphasized on future reliable smart grid communication with future roadmaps and challenges to be faced. The complete work gives an in-depth understanding of 5G networks as they pertain to future smart grids as a comprehensive analysis.

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Energy Storage as a System Resource

10.31224/osf.io/bzch8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ramon Leon ◽

Maria Camila Ochoa ◽

Alejandro Gutierrez

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Electricity Markets ◽

Large Scale ◽

Business Models ◽

Power Grids ◽

Renewable Energy Resources ◽

Grid Resource ◽

Electric Industry ◽

Sustainable Business ◽

System Resource

The origins of the electric industry can be traced back to the invention of the battery. However, Energy Storage Systems (ESS) have never been considered as a part of the electricity supply chain. Even though there has been an increase of government mandated storage investments in power grids, market driven investments are still lacking sustainable business models. Now, with the possibility that cost reductions of the technology make it viable for widespread utilization, multiple efforts have been devoted by the academia and industry to design its incorporation into electricity markets. A large majority of the proposals have been devoted to develop mechanisms for their incorporation in ancillary services markets or for arbitrage, considering storage as another market player, both still with little success in providing sustainable benefits to energy consumers and investors alike. In this paper, we demonstrate that Large Scale Energy Storage excels when incorporated as a service provider in electricity markets. Our proposal considers ESS as a grid resource, available to the ISO to achieve the optimal mix of resources in the day ahead dispatch. We demonstrate that in the Colombian system, a large ESS used in this manner may achieve high benefit-cost ratios. The results also indicate that current market designs need to evolve in order to take better advantage of energy storage and renewable energy resources.

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A Review of the Smart Grid Concept for Electrical Power System

10.4018/978-1-6684-3666-0.ch061 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1361-1385

Author(s):

Amam Hossain Bagdadee ◽

Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Power Systems ◽

Power System ◽

Electric Power ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Future Generation ◽

Electric Power Systems ◽

Basic Information ◽

Electrical Power System

The review this article conducts is an extensive analysis of the concept of a smart grid framework with the most sophisticated smart grid innovation and some basic information about smart grid soundness. Smart grids as a new scheme for energy and a future generation framework encourages the expansion of information and progress. The smart grid framework concord will potentially take years. In this article, the focus is on developing smart networks within the framework of electric power systems.

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A Review of the Smart Grid Concept for Electrical Power System

International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering ◽

10.4018/ijeoe.2019100105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 105-126

Author(s):

Amam Hossain Bagdadee ◽

Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Power Systems ◽

Electric Power ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Future Generation ◽

Electric Power Systems ◽

Basic Information ◽

Electrical Power System ◽

Extensive Analysis

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A Study of 5G Edge-Central Core Network Split Options

Network ◽

10.3390/network1030020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 354-368

Author(s):

Marius Corici ◽

Pousali Chakraborty ◽

Thomas Magedanz

Keyword(s):

Network Management ◽

Large Scale ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Mobile Edge Computing ◽

Core Network ◽

5G Networks ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

5G Network ◽

Infrastructure Services ◽

Vertical Market

With the wide adoption of edge compute infrastructures, an opportunity has arisen to deploy part of the functionality at the edge of the network to enable a localized connectivity service. This development is also supported by the adoption of “on-premises” local 5G networks addressing the needs of different vertical industries and by new standardized infrastructure services such as Mobile Edge Computing (MEC). This article introduces a comprehensive set of deployment options for the 5G network and its network management, complementing MEC with the connectivity service and addressing different classes of use cases and applications. We have also practically implemented and tested the newly introduced options in the form of slices within a standard-based testbed. Our performed validation proved their feasibility and gave a realistic perspective on their impact. The qualitative assessment of the connectivity service gives a comprehensive overview on which solution would be viable to be deployed for each vertical market and for each large-scale operator situation, making a step forward towards automated distributed 5G deployments.

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Evaluation of big data frameworks for analysis of smart grids

Journal Of Big Data ◽

10.1186/s40537-019-0270-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Hasan Ansari ◽

Vahid Tabatab Vakili ◽

Behnam Bahrak

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Smart Grid ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Massive Data ◽

Grid Data ◽

Data Generator ◽

And Performance

AbstractWith the rapid development of smart grids and increasing data collected in these networks, analyzing this massive data for applications such as marketing, cyber-security, and performance analysis, has gained popularity. This paper focuses on analysis and performance evaluation of big data frameworks that are proposed for handling smart grid data. Since obtaining large amounts of smart grid data is difficult due to privacy concerns, we propose and implement a large scale smart grid data generator to produce massive data under conditions similar to those in real smart grids. We use four open source big data frameworks namely Hadoop-Hbase, Cassandra, Elasticsearch, and MongoDB, in our implementation. Finally, we evaluate the performance of different frameworks on smart grid big data and present a performance benchmark that includes common data analysis techniques on smart grid data.

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Research on the Application of 5G Network Slicing in Smart Grid

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2078/1/012077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2078 (1) ◽

pp. 012077

Author(s):

Dongwu ◽

Zhangtao ◽

Chenxiaojin ◽

Zhuhailong ◽

Pengdili

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Smart Grids ◽

High Reliability ◽

Power Grids ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Typical Application ◽

Network Slicing ◽

Existing Problems ◽

5G Network ◽

Domestic Power

Abstract With the continuous construction and development of domestic power grids, the state has put forward many effective strategies to achieve the effectiveness and durability of energy supply, in order to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the construction of smart grids. One of the most important components of the smart grid is various communication technologies. 5G network slicing is a typical application of the smart grid, because the wide-area distributed grid has greater requirements for low latency, high reliability and security. And 5G network slicing has the ability to meet its requirements. This paper analyzes the principle of 5G network slicing, analyzes the end-to-end isolation scheme of network slicing and the current smart grid slicing business model and existing problems, and proposes an effective solution for building a smart 5G slicing network.

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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION: THE RELEVANCY TO THE BUSINESS PRACTICES IN BULGARIA

European Journal of Business and Economics ◽

10.12955/ejbe.v10i2.697 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Irena Slavova ◽

Yovka Bankova

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Large Scale ◽

Business Models ◽

University Education ◽

Current Status ◽

Business Practices ◽

Corporate Actions ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Business And Management

In the last decades corporate social responsibility (CSR) has forcefully and irreversibly become a part of the corporate actions of a growing number of companies and continues to provoke the interest of governments, international institutions, scientists and researchers. The new imperatives on CSR have increased the requirements of companies towards the education and preparation of experts with the requisite skills and competences. The objective of the paper is to discuss how business universities meet the demand for new business models and management skills in order to help companies in Bulgaria to develop socially responsible practices.The study is based on a web-content analysis of the curricula and study programs of all Bulgarian universities training business and management students in Bachelor and Master programs. The obtained results regarding the current status of CSR education are interpreted in the context of CSR in businesses in Bulgaria. To this end, results were used from a large-scale study by the authors on the status and trends of development of CSR in Bulgaria, thus uncovering the needs of companies operating on the Bulgarian market in terms of employees with CSR skills and competences, and showing the gap between the demand and supply of CSR education for business and management graduates in Bulgarian universities (Bachelor and Master programs). The conclusions delineate the directions in which teaching CSR-related issues should develop in higher education institutions in Bulgaria.

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FLEXGRID – A novel smart grid architecture that facilitates high-RES penetration through innovative flexibility markets towards efficient stakeholder interaction

Open Research Europe ◽

10.12688/openreseurope.14109.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 128

Author(s):

Nikolaos Efthymiopoulos ◽

Prodromos Makris ◽

Georgios Tsaousoglou ◽

Konstantinos Steriotis ◽

Dimitrios J. Vergados ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Distribution System ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Market Liquidity ◽

Level Energy ◽

Intelligent Network ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Electricity System

The FLEXGRID project develops a digital platform designed to offer Digital Energy Services (DESs) that facilitate energy sector stakeholders (i.e. Distribution System Operators - DSOs, Transmission System Operators - TSOs, market operators, Renewable Energy Sources - RES producers, retailers, flexibility aggregators) towards: i) automating and optimizing the planning and operation/management of their systems/assets, and ii) interacting in a dynamic and efficient way with their environment (electricity system) and the rest of the stakeholders. In this way, FLEXGRID envisages secure, sustainable, competitive, and affordable smart grids. A key objective is the incentivization of large-scale bottom-up investments in Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) through innovative smart grid management. Towards this goal, FLEXGRID develops innovative data models and energy market architectures (with high liquidity and efficiency) that effectively manage smart grids through an advanced TSO-DSO interaction as well as interactions between Transmission Network and Distribution Network level energy markets. Consequently, and through intelligence that exploits the innovation of the proposed market architecture, FLEXGRID develops investment tools able to examine in depth the emerging energy ecosystem and allow in this way: i) the financial sustainability of DER investors, and ii) the market liquidity/efficiency through advanced exploitation of DERs and intelligent network upgrades.

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Contingency Analysis to Evaluate the Robustness in Large-Scale Smart Grids: Based on Information Security Objectives and Frequency Stability

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13236267 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 6267

Author(s):

Pil-Sung Woo ◽

Balho H. Kim

Keyword(s):

Information Security ◽

Power System ◽

Real Time ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Information Structure ◽

Optimal Power Flow ◽

Large Scale ◽

Business Models ◽

Value Added ◽

Frequency Stability

Smart grids (SGs) are attracting attention as high value-added platforms, which mass-produce new business models through real-time information sharing. However, the open-ended information structure of SGs increases the risk of exposure to cyberattacks through the creation of multiple communication access points. In a power system where a real-time balance of supply and demand is essential, cyberattacks result in cascading failures leading to power outages. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to evaluate the robustness of large-scale SGs against cybersecurity disturbances. The proposed evaluation method established a hierarchy quantification technique considering the structural characteristics of SGs. With respect to the cyber hierarchy, relevant standards (NERC CIP, NIST FIPS) were applied to classify the grades of information security risk. In the case of physical hierarchy, the power system was calculated by using optimal power flow and analyzed the frequency stability. This study was aimed at identifying the vulnerabilities in the physical topology aspect of intelligent power systems due to cybersecurity disturbances.

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A Novel Methodology for the Scalability Analysis of ICT Systems for Smart Grids Based on SGAM: The InteGrid Project Approach

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13153818 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3818

Author(s):

Sergio Potenciano Menci ◽

Julien Le Baut ◽

Javier Matanza Domingo ◽

Gregorio López López ◽

Rafael Cossent Arín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Distribution System ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Small Scale ◽

Traffic Light ◽

Architecture Model ◽

Indirect Transmission ◽

Scalability Analysis ◽

System Operator

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructures are at the heart of emerging Smart Grid scenarios with high penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER). The scalability of such ICT infrastructures is a key factor for the large scale deployment of the aforementioned Smart Grid solutions, which could not be ensured by small-scale pilot demonstrations. This paper presents a novel methodology that has been developed in the scope of the H2020 project InteGrid, which enables the scalability analysis of ICT infrastructures for Smart Grids. It is based on the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) framework, which enables a standardized and replicable approach. This approach consists of two consecutive steps: a qualitative analysis that aims at identifying potential bottlenecks in an ICT infrastructure; and a quantitative analysis of the identified critical links under stress conditions by means of simulations with the aim of evaluating their operational limits. In this work the proposed methodology is applied to a cluster of solutions demonstrated in the InteGrid Slovenian pilot. This pilot consists of a Large Customer Commercial Virtual Power Plant (VPP) that provides flexibility in medium voltage for tertiary reserve and a Traffic Light System (TLS) to validate such flexibility offers. This approach creates an indirect Transmission System Operator (TSO)—Distribution System Operator (DSO) coordination scheme.

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