A Novel Methodology for the Scalability Analysis of ICT Systems for Smart Grids Based on SGAM: The InteGrid Project Approach

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructures are at the heart of emerging Smart Grid scenarios with high penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER). The scalability of such ICT infrastructures is a key factor for the large scale deployment of the aforementioned Smart Grid solutions, which could not be ensured by small-scale pilot demonstrations. This paper presents a novel methodology that has been developed in the scope of the H2020 project InteGrid, which enables the scalability analysis of ICT infrastructures for Smart Grids. It is based on the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) framework, which enables a standardized and replicable approach. This approach consists of two consecutive steps: a qualitative analysis that aims at identifying potential bottlenecks in an ICT infrastructure; and a quantitative analysis of the identified critical links under stress conditions by means of simulations with the aim of evaluating their operational limits. In this work the proposed methodology is applied to a cluster of solutions demonstrated in the InteGrid Slovenian pilot. This pilot consists of a Large Customer Commercial Virtual Power Plant (VPP) that provides flexibility in medium voltage for tertiary reserve and a Traffic Light System (TLS) to validate such flexibility offers. This approach creates an indirect Transmission System Operator (TSO)—Distribution System Operator (DSO) coordination scheme.

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FLEXGRID – A novel smart grid architecture that facilitates high-RES penetration through innovative flexibility markets towards efficient stakeholder interaction

Open Research Europe ◽

10.12688/openreseurope.14109.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 128

Author(s):

Nikolaos Efthymiopoulos ◽

Prodromos Makris ◽

Georgios Tsaousoglou ◽

Konstantinos Steriotis ◽

Dimitrios J. Vergados ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Distribution System ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Market Liquidity ◽

Level Energy ◽

Intelligent Network ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Electricity System

The FLEXGRID project develops a digital platform designed to offer Digital Energy Services (DESs) that facilitate energy sector stakeholders (i.e. Distribution System Operators - DSOs, Transmission System Operators - TSOs, market operators, Renewable Energy Sources - RES producers, retailers, flexibility aggregators) towards: i) automating and optimizing the planning and operation/management of their systems/assets, and ii) interacting in a dynamic and efficient way with their environment (electricity system) and the rest of the stakeholders. In this way, FLEXGRID envisages secure, sustainable, competitive, and affordable smart grids. A key objective is the incentivization of large-scale bottom-up investments in Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) through innovative smart grid management. Towards this goal, FLEXGRID develops innovative data models and energy market architectures (with high liquidity and efficiency) that effectively manage smart grids through an advanced TSO-DSO interaction as well as interactions between Transmission Network and Distribution Network level energy markets. Consequently, and through intelligence that exploits the innovation of the proposed market architecture, FLEXGRID develops investment tools able to examine in depth the emerging energy ecosystem and allow in this way: i) the financial sustainability of DER investors, and ii) the market liquidity/efficiency through advanced exploitation of DERs and intelligent network upgrades.

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Economic and environmental aspects of Smart Grid technologies implementation in Ukraine

Mechanism of an economic regulation ◽

10.21272/mer.2020.87.01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-37

Author(s):

Oleksandra V. Kubatko ◽

Diana O. Yaryomenko ◽

Mykola O. Kharchenko ◽

Ismail Y. A. Almashaqbeh

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Distribution System ◽

Energy Security ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Average Energy ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Electricity Supply ◽

Auxiliary Equipment

Interruptions in electricity supply may have a series of failures that can affect banking, telecommunications, traffic, and safety sectors. Due to the two-way interactive abilities, Smart Grid allows consumers to automatically redirect on failure, or shut down of the equipment. Smart Grid technologies are the costly ones; however, due to the mitigation of possible problems, they are economically sound. Smart grids can't operate without smart meters, which may easily transmit real-time power consumption data to energy data centers, helping the consumer to make effective decisions about how much energy to use and at what time of day. Smart Grid meters do allow the consumer to track and reduce energy consumption bills during peak hours and increase the corresponding consumption during minimum hours. At a higher level of management (e.g., on the level of separate region or country), the Smart Grid distribution system operators have the opportunity to increase the reliability of power supply primarily by detecting or preventing emergencies. Ukraine's energy system is currently outdated and cannot withstand current loads. High levels of wear of the main and auxiliary equipment of the power system and uneven load distribution in the network often lead to emergencies and power outages. The Smart Grid achievements and energy sustainability are also related to the energy trilemma, which consists of key core dimensions– Energy Security, Energy Equity, and Environmental Sustainability. To be competitive in the world energy market, the country has to organize efficiently the cooperation of public/private actors, governments, economic and social agents, environmental issues, and individual consumer behaviors. Ukraine gained 61 positions out of 128 countries in a list in 2019 on the energy trilemma index. In general, Ukraine has a higher than average energy security position and lower than average energy equity, and environmental sustainability positions. Given the fact that the number of renewable energy sources is measured in hundreds and thousands, network management is complicated and requires a Smart Grid rapid response. Keywords: economic development, Smart Grid, electricity supply, economic and environmental efficiency.

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Future Generation 5G Wireless Networks for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Review

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12112140 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 2140 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sofana Reka. S ◽

Tomislav Dragičević ◽

Pierluigi Siano ◽

S.R. Sahaya Prabaharan

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Electricity Markets ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Business Models ◽

Future Generation ◽

Current Status ◽

Complete Analysis ◽

5G Networks ◽

5G Network

Wireless cellular networks are emerging to take a strong stand in attempts to achieve pervasive large scale obtainment, communication, and processing with the evolution of the fifth generation (5G) network. Both the present day cellular technologies and the evolving new age 5G are considered to be advantageous for the smart grid. The 5G networks exhibit relevant services for critical and timely applications for greater aspects in the smart grid. In the present day electricity markets, 5G provides new business models to the energy providers and improves the way the utility communicates with the grid systems. In this work, a complete analysis and a review of the 5G network and its vision regarding the smart grid is exhibited. The work discusses the present day wireless technologies, and the architectural changes for the past years are shown. Furthermore, to understand the user-based analyses in a smart grid, a detailed analysis of 5G architecture with the grid perspectives is exhibited. The current status of 5G networks in a smart grid with a different analysis for energy efficiency is vividly explained in this work. Furthermore, focus is emphasized on future reliable smart grid communication with future roadmaps and challenges to be faced. The complete work gives an in-depth understanding of 5G networks as they pertain to future smart grids as a comprehensive analysis.

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Demand Flexibility Management for Buildings-to-Grid Integration with Uncertain Generation

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13246532 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 6532

Author(s):

Vahab Rostampour ◽

Thom S. Badings ◽

Jacquelien M. A. Scherpen

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Power Systems ◽

Wind Power ◽

Distribution System ◽

Large Scale ◽

Wind Power Generation ◽

Forecast Errors ◽

Monte Carlo Simulation Study ◽

System Operator ◽

The Impact

We present a Buildings-to-Grid (BtG) integration framework with intermittent wind-power generation and demand flexibility management provided by buildings. First, we extend the existing BtG models by introducing uncertain wind-power generation and reformulating the interactions between the Transmission System Operator (TSO), Distribution System Operators (DSO), and buildings. We then develop a unified BtG control framework to deal with forecast errors in the wind power, by considering ancillary services from both reserves and demand-side flexibility. The resulting framework is formulated as a finite-horizon stochastic model predictive control (MPC) problem, which is generally hard to solve due to the unknown distribution of the wind-power generation. To overcome this limitation, we present a tractable robust reformulation, together with probabilistic feasibility guarantees. We demonstrate that the proposed demand flexibility management can substitute the traditional reserve scheduling services in power systems with high levels of uncertain generation. Moreover, we show that this change does not jeopardize the stability of the grid or violate thermal comfort constraints of buildings. We finally provide a large-scale Monte Carlo simulation study to confirm the impact of achievements.

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An Insight into Practical Solutions for Electric Vehicle Charging in Smart Grid

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13071545 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1545 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara Deilami ◽

S. M. Muyeen

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Power System ◽

Distribution System ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Co2 Reduction ◽

Renewable Energy Resources ◽

Smart Power ◽

Electric Vehicle Charging ◽

Ev Charging

The electrification of transportation has been developed to support energy efficiency and CO2 reduction. As a result, electric vehicles (EVs) have become more popular in the current transport system to create more efficient energy. In recent years, this increase in EVs as well as renewable energy resources (RERs) has led to a major issue for power system networks. This paper studies electrical vehicles (EVs) and their applications in the smart grid and provides practical solutions for EV charging strategies in a smart power system to overcome the issues associated with large-scale EV penetrations. The research first reviews the EV battery infrastructure and charging strategies and introduces the main impacts of uncontrolled charging on the power grid. Then, it provides a practical overview of the existing and future solutions to manage the large-scale integration of EVs into the network. The simulation results for two controlled strategies of maximum sensitivity selection (MSS) and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization are presented and reviewed. A comparative analysis was performed to prove the application and validity of the solution approaches. This also helps researchers with the application of the optimization approaches on EV charging strategies. These two algorithms were implemented on a modified IEEE 23 kV medium voltage distribution system with switched shunt capacitors (SSCs) and a low voltage residential network, including EVs and nonlinear EV battery chargers.

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Smart Grid Architecture Model – India and Germany

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1256.0982s1119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S11) ◽

pp. 2293-2295

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Power Systems ◽

Distribution System ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Transformation Method ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Architecture Model ◽

Grid Architecture ◽

Transmission And Distribution ◽

Very High

The smart grid is transformation method for out-of-date electric allocation system, smart grid is a fresh solution of upcoming infrastructure. It is used to Shield, scrutinize and auto optimize the electric operations from very high voltage network to disseminated structure. The smart grid is a grouping of information and the communication knowledge, transmission and distribution system. The standing traditional grid wasfurther down pressure and challengedvaried issues. There are many modifications between smart and traditional grids such as two way operations instead of one way operations, computational intellect, self-monitoring abilities, cyber protected communication, safe, cost-effective environment. Number of various literatures discussed the positive topographiesof smart grid for power systems. In this paper deliberated about the evaluation about Grid Architecture typicalfinished the Function Layers mapped on Zones and domains.

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Predictive Voltage Control: Empowering Domestic Customers With a Key Role in the Active Management of LV Networks

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10072635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 2635

Author(s):

Micael Simões ◽

André G. Madureira

Keyword(s):

Distribution System ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Voltage Control ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Active Management ◽

Storage Devices ◽

Home Energy Management ◽

System Operator ◽

Home Energy Management System

In order to avoid voltage problems derived from the connection of large amounts of renewable-based generation to the electrical distribution system, new advanced tools need to be developed that are able to exploit the presence of Distributed Energy Resources (DER). This paper describes the approach proposed for a predictive voltage control algorithm to be used in Low Voltage (LV) distribution networks in order to make use of available flexibilities from domestic consumers via their Home Energy Management System (HEMS) and more traditional resources from the Distribution System Operator (DSO), such as transformers with On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) and storage devices. The proposed algorithm—the Low Voltage Control (LVC)—is detailed in this paper. The algorithm was tested through simulation using a real Portuguese LV network and real consumption and generation data, in order to evaluate its performance in preparation for a field-trial validation in a Portuguese smart grids pilot.

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Evaluation of big data frameworks for analysis of smart grids

Journal Of Big Data ◽

10.1186/s40537-019-0270-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Hasan Ansari ◽

Vahid Tabatab Vakili ◽

Behnam Bahrak

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Smart Grid ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Large Scale ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Massive Data ◽

Grid Data ◽

Data Generator ◽

And Performance

AbstractWith the rapid development of smart grids and increasing data collected in these networks, analyzing this massive data for applications such as marketing, cyber-security, and performance analysis, has gained popularity. This paper focuses on analysis and performance evaluation of big data frameworks that are proposed for handling smart grid data. Since obtaining large amounts of smart grid data is difficult due to privacy concerns, we propose and implement a large scale smart grid data generator to produce massive data under conditions similar to those in real smart grids. We use four open source big data frameworks namely Hadoop-Hbase, Cassandra, Elasticsearch, and MongoDB, in our implementation. Finally, we evaluate the performance of different frameworks on smart grid big data and present a performance benchmark that includes common data analysis techniques on smart grid data.

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Smart Grid Development: Multinational Demo Project Analysis

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences ◽

10.1515/lpts-2016-0038 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 3-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. Oleinikova ◽

A. Mutule ◽

A. Obushevs ◽

N. Antoskovs

Keyword(s):

Best Practices ◽

Smart Grid ◽

Demand Response ◽

Distribution System ◽

Business Models ◽

System Level ◽

System Service ◽

Project Analysis ◽

System Operator ◽

The Baltic

Abstract This paper analyses demand side management (DSM) projects and stakeholders’ experience with the aim to develop, promote and adapt smart grid tehnologies in Latvia. The research aims at identifying possible system service posibilites, including demand response (DR) and determining the appropriate market design for such type of services to be implemented at the Baltic power system level, with the cooperation of distribution system operator (DSO) and transmission system operator (TSO). This paper is prepared as an extract from the global smart grid best practices, smart solutions and business models.

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Small-Scale Smart Electrical Grid Design, Construction, and Analysis

Volume 5: Education and Globalization ◽

10.1115/imece2016-65219 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Craig ◽

Xiaokuan Li ◽

Patrick Sesker ◽

Alex Mcinerny ◽

Thomas DeAgostino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Power Plants ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Industrial Building ◽

Small Scale ◽

Lead Acid Battery ◽

Research Activities ◽

Lead Acid

As society moves into the digital age, the expectation of instantaneous electricity at the flip of a switch is more prominent than ever. The traditional electric grid has become outdated and Smart Grids are being developed to deliver reliable and efficient energy to consumers. However, the costs involved with implementing their infrastructure often limits research to theoretical models. As a result, an undergraduate capstone design team constructed a small-scale 12 VDC version to be used in conjunction with classroom and research activities. In this model Smart Grid, two houses act as residential consumers, an industrial building serves as a high-load demand device, and a lead-acid battery connected to a 120 VAC wall outlet simulates fossil fuel power plants. A smaller lead-acid battery provides a microgrid source while a photovoltaic solar panel adds renewable energy into the mix and can charge either lead-acid battery. All components are connected to a National Instruments CompactRIO system while being controlled and monitored via a LabVIEW software program. The resulting Smart Grid can run independently based on constraints related to energy demand, cost, efficiency, and environmental impact. Results are shown demonstrating choices based on these constraints, including a corresponding weighting according to controller objectives.

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