scholarly journals A Case Study on the Electricity Generation Using a Micro Gas Turbine Fuelled by Biogas from a Sewage Treatment Plant

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chi Chang ◽  
Manh Van Do ◽  
Wei-Li Hsu ◽  
Bo-Liang Liu ◽  
Ching-Yuan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Load

Combined heat and power production from biogas is now playing an important role in energy and resource utilization as well as pollution control in waste water treatment. This research used biogas from the Bali Sewage Treatment Plant in New Taipei City, Taiwan, as a major source of fuel for the electricity generation. A micro gas turbine electricity generator, Capstone CR-30, which possesses a maximum rated power load (PWL) of 30 kW, was equipped to convert biogas into electricity. The biogas is mainly composed of CH4 (56.1 ± 8.0 vol.%), CO2 (25.5 ± 9.8 vol.%), H2 (0.5 vol.%), and H2S (0.99 ± 0.07 ppmv). During the test operation period of the generator, it was found that the thermal efficiency increases from 19.8% to 23.4% kWhe/kWhth, while the electricity generation efficiency (ηEB) also rises from 0.93 to 1.09 kWhe/m3 biogas as the PWL increases from 10 kW to 30 kW. The results indicated that the generator has a better performance with higher PWL. At PWL = 30 kW, the average adjusted concentrations of CO and NOx (adjusted to 15 vol.% O2) emitted from the generator are 86 ppmv and 17 ppmv, respectively. Both are much lower than the emission standards of stationary sources in Taiwan of 2000 ppmv and 150 ppmv, respectively. Thus, PWL of 30 kW was selected in cooperation with biogas inflow = 0.412 m3/min and air/fuel ratio (i.e., air/biogas ratio) = 76.0 vol./vol. for the long-term regular operation. At the above setting conditions for long-term operation, the generator continuously consumed the biogas and provided stable electricity generation at a rate of 19.64 kWhe/h for a 2-year running period. Moreover, the greenhouse gas can be cut off with a rate of 10.78 kg CO2e/h when using biogas as fuel for electricity generation. Overall, this research proves that the application of a micro gas turbine electricity generator not only has promising performance for using biogas but also gives a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emission, which fits the concepts of the circular economy and environmental protection.

Anthropogenic changes to a billabong in New South Wales. 1. Lagoon evolution and phosphorus dynamics

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Donnelly ◽  
P. W. Ford ◽  
D. McGregor ◽  
D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean

Anthropogenic changes detected in the sediment of a shallow (~1.6 m) billabong (Horseshoe Lagoon) are the result of a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) connection in 1958 and catchment urbanization around 1974. Nutrient-rich water caused the collapse of macrophyte populations, algal blooms became common, and urbanization increased sediment deposition (~1 cm year −1 ). Changes in P retention were investigated by using dated cores, pore-water element profiles, and water quality records. The lagoon is the last of three STP holding ponds. Ponds 1 and 2 were sand-mining pits; they receive no sediment input and have negligible P adsorption. The Fe:P ratios in sediments from three Australian rivers have a common slope and this relationship was used to examine Fe:P ratios in the anoxic bottom sediments of the lagoon. A potential for effluent P adsorption developed in the lagoon through Fe mobilization and enrichment in the upper sediments and a strong clay–Fe–P association. The mean long- term P adsorption in the lagoon (35±18%) was the result of maintaining clay input to an oxic waterbody. Bacterial sulfate reduction is the main process decreasing available Fe for effluent P adsorption. Appropriately designed systems could expect to maintain effluent P adsorption efficiencies of around 70%.

CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION IN JINHAE BAY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
In-Cheol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Intertidal Flat ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Jinhae Bay

For the better understanding of long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay after establishment of special law, we analyzed the archive data monitored in Jinhae Bay during the last 17 years (1997-2013). And change on fish catch due to the variations of water quality was investigated. A marked decrease in the number of red tide occurrence is due to the effectiveness of the law and sewage treatment plant that has targeted the reduction of COD in the effluent water since early 2000. Although the improvement of water quality, increase in fishery production was not observed in Jinhae Bay. For the recovery of fishery production, processes for restoration of entire ecosystem such as restoration of artificial intertidal flat and seaweed bed and remediation of organic-rich sea bed should be accompanied with improvement of water quality.

scholarly journals Ecological Processes Affecting Long-Term Eukaryote and Prokaryote Biofilm Persistence in Nitrogen Removal from Sewage

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Leena Angell ◽  
Linda Bergaust ◽  
Jon Fredrik Hanssen ◽  
Else Marie Aasen ◽  
Knut Rudi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Factors Affecting

The factors affecting long-term biofilm stability in sewage treatment remain largely unexplored. We therefore analyzed moving bed bioreactors (MBBRs) biofilm composition and function two years apart from four reactors in a nitrogen-removal sewage treatment plant. Multivariate ANOVA revealed a similar prokaryote microbiota composition on biofilm carriers from the same reactors, where reactor explained 84.6% of the variance, and year only explained 1.5%. Eukaryotes showed a less similar composition with reactor explaining 56.8% of the variance and year 9.4%. Downstream effects were also more pronounced for eukaryotes than prokaryotes. For prokaryotes, carbon source emerged as a potential factor for deterministic assembly. In the two reactors with methanol as a carbon source, the bacterial genus Methylotenera dominated, with M. versatilis as the most abundant species. M. versatilis showed large lineage diversity. The lineages mainly differed with respect to potential terminal electron acceptor usage (nitrogen oxides and oxygen). Searches in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database indicate a global distribution of the M. versatilis strains, with methane-containing sediments as the main habitat. Taken together, our results support long-term prokaryote biofilm persistence, while eukaryotes were less persistent.

scholarly journals Marine monitoring along the eastern coastal area of the Island of Lesvos, Greece during 2004 in the Framework of MEDPOL III

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Marine Monitoring ◽  
The City ◽  
Term Monitoring

The present survey was carried out in the framework of MEDPOL Phase III (2004 – 2006), aiming to provide recent information for the long-term monitoring of pollution trends in selected susceptible marine environments along the Mediterranean coastline. Information was collected from a network of four stations spaced out along the eastern coast of the Island of Lesvos, Greece, including a high risk station near the harbour of the city of Mytilini. Pollutants in abiotic components of the marine environment (seawater, sediment) as well as in selected marine organisms (M. barbatus and B. boops) were measured. It was found that there is no evidence of substantial pollution of the marine environment (seawater, sediment and fish) with respect to the pollutants measured. However, it was shown that although the uncontrolled discharge of untreated effluents has been reduced since the beginning of the operation of the Mytilini sewage treatment plant in 2001, sediments near the harbour of the city still carry increased loads of metals of anthropogenic origin. Furthermore, the small quantity of untreated sewerage that still flows out in the harbour of the city seems to affect water quality, since a higher mesotrophic character with eutrophic trends was observed in the area.

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