scholarly journals The Necessity of Improving the Standard for Thermal Environment in Korean Public Facilities

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Yong-Joon Jun ◽  
Jin-Ha Yoon ◽  
Shin Kim ◽  
Young-Hak Song ◽  
Kyung-Soon Park
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Standard ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

As one of the energy saving policies, the Korean government has been regulating the indoor thermal environment of public office facilities in Korea, starting with energy conservation measures in 1980. This policy, which is above 28 °C in summer and below 18 °C in winter, is causing discomfort among the occupants. The purpose of this study is to support the need to improve temperature limitation standards of the Korean public office facilities. For this purpose, the standards for the thermal environment in offices of major countries and associations were examined. Subsequently, they were compared with the Korean standards. Additionally, nine buildings of public office facilities in Korea were surveyed on the thermal environment, and PMV measurement was carried out. As a result, most of the buildings that complied with the cooling temperature standard as well as most of the buildings that did not comply were found to be uncomfortable. In conclusion, to improve the comfort of Korean public office facilities in the heating and cooling period, it is necessary to mitigate temperature regulation and regulate additional environmental factors.

scholarly journals Behavioural Adaptation for the Thermal Comfort and Energy Saving in Japanese Offices

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Hom B. Rijal ◽  
Michael A. Humphreys ◽  
J. Fergus Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Behavioural Adaptation ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Window Opening ◽  
Behavioural Adaptations

Office workers use a variety of adaptive opportunities to regulate their indoor thermal environment. The behavioural adaptations such as window opening, clothing adjustments, and use of heating/cooling are important factors for adaptive thermal comfort. It is well-known that they are the most important contributors in the adaptive thermal comfort model. Thus, if we understand the behavioural adaptation properly, we can explain the mechanism of the adaptive model. The indoor thermal environment is often adjusted using the air conditioning in Japanese office buildings to improve thermal comfort and productivity. Thus, it is necessary to conduct research on the behavioural adaptation in the offices because the occupant behavior is different from behaviour in dwellings. In order to record the seasonal differences in behavioural adaptation and to develop an adaptive algorithm for Japanese offices, we measured temperatures in 11 office buildings and conducted the thermal comfort and occupant behaviour survey for over a year. We collected 4,660 samples from about 1,350 people. The proportion of ‘open window’ in the free running mode (neither heating nor cooling being used) is significantly higher than that of the air conditioned mode. The behavioural adaptation is related to the outdoor air temperature. The behavioural adaptations such as window-opening, heating and cooling use predicted by regression analysis are in good agreement with the measured data. These findings can be applied to building thermal simulation to predict the behavioural adaptation and energy use in office buildings.

Evaluating the Performance of Eaves to Promote Energy Efficiency of Traditional Dwellings in Suzhou

2016 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Yue Fu ◽  
Wei Ju Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Simulation Results

A shading roof can be an effective strategy to decrease the air-conditioning energy consumption as well as to improve the thermal environment inside a house in the place that is hot in summer and cold in winter. In Suzhou, a city in such place, traditional dwellings were constructed with shading roof eaves that have different sizes, allowing them adaptive to local climate. These eaves are worthy of being studied and improved. This study presents a summary of the sizes of the shading roof eaves of traditional Suzhou dwellings. The southward eave that has the greatest effect on indoor thermal environment is taken as the object of the current study, and a traditional Suzhou dwelling is selected as our case for the current study. Several comparative models are built, in which, the southward length of the roof eave is increased by 0.2m, from 0m to 2m. The effects of the length on both heating and cooling energy consumption are simulated by using the software Energyplus. As shown in the quantitative analysis of the simulation results, the structure is energy-efficient when the length is less than 0.6m, and the annual energy consumption reaches its minimum when the length is 0.4m.

scholarly journals Optimum Thickness of Thermal Insulation with Both Economic and Ecological Costs of Heating and Cooling

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3835
Author(s):  
Robert Dylewski ◽  
Janusz Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Optimum Thickness ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Optimum Heat ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Building Walls

The energy efficiency of the construction sector should be determined by the cleanliness of the environment and, thus, the health of society. The scientific aim of this article was to develop a methodology for determining the optimum thickness of thermal insulation, taking into account both economic and ecological aspects and considering both heating and cooling costs. The method takes into account the number of degree days of the heating period, as well as the number of degree days of the cooling period. Variants in terms of different types of thermal insulation, various types of construction materials for building walls, climatic zones and heat sources, were taken into consideration. In order to find the optimum thicknesses of thermal insulation, both in economic and ecological terms, a metacriterion was used. The optimum thicknesses of thermal insulation with the use of the metacriterion were obtained in the range of 0.11–0.55 m. It was observed that the values of the optimum heat transfer coefficients for economic and ecological reasons do not depend on the type of construction materials used for vertical walls. The type of applied heat source is of the greatest importance for the size of the economic and ecological benefits. The proposed mathematical model for determining the optimum thickness of thermal insulation with the use of a metacriterion is a kind of generalization of earlier models from the literature.

scholarly journals Improvements in Energy Saving and Thermal Environment after Retrofitting with Interior Insulation in Intermittently Cooled Residences in Hot-Summer/Cold-Winter Zone of China: A Case Study in Chengdu

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2776
Author(s):  
Xin Ye ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Yupeng Wang ◽  
Hiroatsu Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Cold Winter ◽  
The South ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Space Cooling

Space cooling is currently the fastest-growing end-user in buildings. The global warming trend combined with increased population and economic development will lead to accelerated growth in space cooling in the future, especially in China. The hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) zone is the most densely populated and economically developed region in China, but with the worst indoor thermal environment. Relatively few studies have been conducted on the actual measurements in the optimization of insulation design under typical intermittent cooling modes in this region. This case study was conducted in Chengdu—the two residences selected were identical in design, but the south bedroom of the case study residence had interior insulation (inside insulation on all opaque interior surfaces of a space) retrofitted in the bedroom area in 2017. In August 2019, a comparative on-site measurement was done to investigate the effect of the retrofit work under three typical intermittent cooling patterns in the real-life scenario. The experimental result shows that interior insulation provides a significant improvement in energy-saving and the indoor thermal environment. The average energy savings in daily cooling energy consumption of the south bedroom is 42.09%, with the maximum reaching 48.91%. In the bedroom with interior insulation retrofit, the indoor temperature is closer to the set temperature and the vertical temperature difference is smaller during the cooling period; when the air conditioner is off, the room remains a comfortable temperature for a slightly longer time.

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