scholarly journals A Review on the Potential of Forest Biomass for Bioenergy in Australia

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147
Author(s):  
Sam Van Holsbeeck ◽  
Mark Brown ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ghaffariyan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Biomass Potential ◽  
Volume Equation

The use of forest biomass for bioenergy in Australia represents only 1% of total energy production but is being recognized for having the potential to deliver low-cost and low-emission, renewable energy solutions. This review addresses the potential of forest biomass for bioenergy production in Australia relative to the amount of biomass energy measures available for production, harvest and transport, conversion, distribution and emission. Thirty-Five Australian studies on forest biomass for bioenergy are reviewed and categorized under five hierarchical terms delimiting the level of assessment on the biomass potential. Most of these studies assess the amount of biomass at a production level using measures such as the allometric volume equation and form factor assumptions linked to forest inventory data or applied in-field weighing of samples to predict the theoretical potential of forest biomass across an area or region. However, when estimating the potential of forest biomass for bioenergy production, it is essential to consider the entire supply chain that includes many limitations and reductions on the recovery of the forest biomass from production in the field to distribution to the network. This review reiterated definitions for theoretical, available, technological, economic and environmental biomass potential and identified missing links between them in the Australian literature. There is a need for further research on the forest biomass potential to explore lower cost and lowest net emission solutions as a replacement to fossil resources for energy production in Australia but methods the could provide promising solutions are available and can be applied to address this gap.

scholarly journals Biogenic vs. geologic carbon emissions and forest biomass energy production

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Gunn ◽  
David J. Ganz ◽  
William S. Keeton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Energy

A comprehensive evaluation and optimal utilization structure of crop straw-based energy production in eastern China

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2850-2868
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Crop Straw ◽  
Bioenergy Production

Crop straw is a major agricultural residue and has been recently promoted as a main source for renewable biomass energy production in China. This study used the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (Fuzzy AHP) model considering four major indicators to systematically evaluate the performance of four major crop straw energy utilization methods in the eastern Chinese province of Jiangsu. The utilization methods include straw power generation, straw gasification, straw liquefaction, and straw densification into briquette fuel. The results showed that environmental friendliness was the most important indicator that should be considered for straw bioenergy production in the province and that straw densification into briquette fuel was the most suitable straw energy utilization method. Under the policy goal proposed by the Chinese central government to use 20% of all crop straw waste for straw bioenergy production by 2030, the estimated results suggested that the optimal allocation towards straw energy production structure is 40.1% for straw densification into briquette fuel production, 35.3% for straw power generation, 19.6% for straw gasification, and 5% for straw liquefaction. The finding that straw densification into briquette fuel was judged to be the most favorable option could guide policy makers and investors to develop suitable straw energy technologies in Eastern China.

Estimation of Forest Biomass Energy Resources Based on Bottom-up Approach in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Dan Yu ◽  
Caihong Zhang ◽  
Weidong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Theoretical Ground ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Calculation Results

Currently, the forest biomass energy development is at an initial stage and the estimation method for the forest biomass energy resource reserve is to be unified and refined although there is a great value and potential in the development and utilization of forest biomass energy in China. Based on the existing studies, the present paper analyzes the origins and types of forest biomass energy resources in the perspective of sustainable forestry management, constructs the estimation model using a bottom-up approach, and estimates the total existing forest biomass energy resource reserve in China based on the data of the 7th Forest Resource Survey. The estimation method and the calculation results provide the important theoretical ground for promoting the rational development of forest biomass energy in China.

scholarly journals New Omnidirectional Sensor Based on Open-Source Software and Hardware for Tracking and Backtracking of Dual-Axis Solar Trackers in Photovoltaic Plants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Gómez-Uceda ◽  
José Ramirez-Faz ◽  
Marta Varo-Martinez ◽  
Luis Manuel Fernández-Ahumada
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Radiative Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Celestial Sphere ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

In this work, an omnidirectional sensor that enables identification of the direction of the celestial sphere with maximum solar irradiance is presented. The sensor, based on instantaneous measurements, functions as a position server for dual-axis solar trackers in photovoltaic plants. The proposed device has been developed with free software and hardware, which makes it a pioneering solution because it is open and accessible as well as capable of being improved by the scientific community, thereby contributing to the rapid advancement of technology. In addition, the device includes an algorithm developed ex professo that makes it possible to predetermine the regions of the celestial sphere for which, according to the geometric characteristics of the PV plant, there would be shading between the panels. In this way, solar trackers do not have to locate the Sun’s position at all times according to astronomical models, while taking into account factors such as shadows or cloudiness that also affect levels of incident irradiance on solar collectors. Therefore, with this device, it is possible to provide photovoltaic plants with dual-axis solar tracking with a low-cost device that helps to optimise the trajectory of the trackers and, consequently, their radiative capture and energy production.

MOF-derived M-OOH with rich oxygen defects by in-situ electro-oxidation reconstitution for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikai Shi ◽  
Zebin Yu ◽  
Ronghua Jiang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Yanping Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Oxygen Defects ◽  
Electro Oxidation

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an important half-reaction in the field of energy production. However, how effectively, simply, and greenly to prepare low-cost OER electrocatalysts remains a problem. Herein,...

A novel adaptable isometric strength analysis and exercise development system design

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110155
Author(s):  
Murat Fidan ◽  
Alper Bayrak ◽  
Umid Karli
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Development System

In this study, a low-cost and adaptable isometric strength measurement and exercise development system are described. The implemented system consists of mechanical structure, force measurement sensor, electronic circuit, and computer software. Isometric-isotonic (via spring resistance) strength analysis and various exercise programs can be applied with the system. The developed system has a lower cost compared to its counterparts in the literature and has a structure that can be adapted to different machines and measuring methods. The operability and reliability of the isometric strength measurement and exercise development system have been proven by calibration tests.

Opportunities and barriers to forest biomass energy: A case study of four U.S. states

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 106035
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Galik ◽  
Michelle E. Benedum ◽  
Marcus Kauffman ◽  
Dennis R. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Energy
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