scholarly journals Study of a Hybrid Solar Absorption-Cooling and Flash-Desalination System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Nicolás Velázquez-Limón ◽  
Ricardo López-Zavala ◽  
Luis Hernández-Callejo ◽  
Jesús A. Aguilar-Jiménez ◽  
Sara Ojeda-Benítez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
World Health ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Daily Water

In this work, the analysis of a hybrid LiBr/H2O absorption-cooling and flash-desalination system, using solar thermal energy as heat source, is presented. An absorption open-cycle with three pressure levels is used in combination with a single-stage flash-desalination process to use the coolant as product water, resulting in an increase in cooling and desalination efficiency. For the application, a 20-room coastal hotel complex in San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico, is taken as a case study and the sizing of the solar collection and storage system is carried out for the operation of the proposed hybrid system, during the summer operative period. The operational dynamics during the week with the highest ambient temperatures are presented. The dimensioning of the solar collector’s area and the energy storage resulted in a collection area of 620 m2 with 30 m3, respectively, reaching a solar fraction of 69%. The absorption-cooling subprocess showed an increase of 13.88% in the average coefficient of performance (COP) compared to conventional LiBr/H2O absorption systems. Also, considering that the system provides cooling and desalination simultaneously, the average COPG is 1.64, which is 2.27 times higher than the COP of conventional LiBr/H2O single-effect absorption units. During the critical week, the system presented a desalinated water production of 16.94 m3 with an average performance ratio (PR) of 0.83, while the average daily water production was 2406 kg/day; enough to satisfy the daily water requirements of four people in a coastal hotel in Mexico or to cover the basic services of 24 people according to the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Performance of a Solar Absorption Cooling System Using Nanofluids and a Membrane-Based Microchannel Desorber

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2761
Author(s):  
María Venegas ◽  
Néstor García-Hernando ◽  
Alejandro Zacarías ◽  
Mercedes de Vega
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Lithium Bromide ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Lithium Bromide Solution ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling ◽  
Absorption Cooling System

In this work, the performance of a single effect absorption cooling system fed by solar thermal energy is evaluated. The absorption chiller includes a membrane-based microchannel desorber using three types of nanoparticles: Al2O3, CuO, or carbon nanotubes (CNT). Correlations available in the open literature to calculate the thermal conductivity of nanofluids are reviewed. Using experimental data for the water-lithium bromide solution (H2O-LiBr) with Al2O3 and CNT nanoparticles, the most appropriate correlation for thermal conductivity is selected. Nanofluid properties are evaluated using a concentration of nanoparticles of up to 5% in volume. The largest increase in the desorption rate (7.9%), with respect to using pure H2O-LiBr solution, is obtained using CNT nanoparticles and the maximum concentration of nanoparticles simulated. The performance of the chiller is evaluated and the daily solar coefficient of performance (SCOP) for the solar cooling facility is obtained. The best improvement with respect to the conventional system (without nanoparticles) represents an increase in the cooling effect of up to 6%. The maximum number of desorber modules recommended, always lower than 50, has been identified.

Conversion of Seawater to Fresh Water: An Experiment With a Solar Assisted Heat Pump

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. A. Hawlader ◽  
Zakaria Mohd. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Maximum Value

Seawater desalination is one of the most suitable areas for the utilization of solar thermal energy due to the coincidence, in many places of the world, of water scarcity, seawater availability and good levels of solar irradiation. The solar assisted heat pump provides a new horizon in the seawater desalination. Experiments were conducted on solar assisted heat pump desalination system under meteorological conditions of Singapore. This system uses two types of flat-plate solar collectors. One is called evaporator-collector which is entirely unglazed. The other type is single-glazed collector used for feed water heating. A single stage MED (multi-effect distillation) evaporator is used in this system and the refrigerant R134a is used in the heat pump. The system has a Performance Ratio (PR) of around 1.3 and water production capability of 0.6 to 0.9 kg/hr. The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the heat pump reaches a maximum value of about 9 for the meteorological conditions of Singapore.

scholarly journals Modelling and simulation of a solar absorption cooling system for India

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Mittal ◽  
K S Kasana ◽  
N S Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Reference Temperature ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling ◽  
Absorption Cooling System

This paper presents modelling and simulation of a solar absorption cooling system. In this paper, the modelling of a solar-powered, single stage, absorption cooling system, using a flat plate collector and water–lithium bromide solution, is done. A computer program has been developed for the absorption system to simulate various cycle configurations with the help of various weather data for the village Bahal, District Bhiwani, Haryana, India. The effects of hot water inlet temperatures on the coefficient of performance (COP) and the surface area of the absorption cooling component are studied. The hot water inlet temperature is found to affect the surface area of some of the system components. Moreover the effect of the reference temperature which is the minimum allowable hot water inlet temperature on the fraction of total load met by non-purchased energy (FNP) and coefficient of performance (COP) is studied and it is found that high reference temperature increases the system COP and decreases the surface area of system components but lower reference temperature gives better results for FNP than high reference temperatures.

scholarly journals System Design of Solar Absorption Cooling : A Case Study in Building of Engineering Physics Department UGM

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Andang Widiharto ◽  
Didit Setyo Pamuji ◽  
Atik Nurul Laila ◽  
Fiki Rahmatika Salis ◽  
Luthfi Zharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling

<p>Air conditioning (AC) is one of the most building’s energy consumer, included in building of Engineering Physisc’s Departement, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM). The declining of fossil fuel reserves and the increasing effects of global warming, forcing the world to switch to renewable energy sources. This paper discusses the design of solar absorption cooling system to replace conventional AC in seven lecture halls of Engineering Physic’s Departement, UGM. There are some steps that have been done to design the solar absorption cooling, i.e. do a study of the potential availability of solar energy, calculate the cooling loads, analyze the thermodynamic process of the system, determine the type of collector to be used and calculate area of solar collector needed. The thermal coefficient of performance (COP) of the system designed was about 0.84 which could use some types of flat plate solar collector with each area corresponding to each efficiency values. </p><p><strong>Keyword</strong> : Air conditioning; global warming; solar absorption cooling; solar collector</p>

Thermodynamic Analysis of a Mini Hybrid Solar Driven Cooling-Desalination System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasiru I. Ibrahim ◽  
Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman ◽  
Saidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Output Ratio

Water desalination and air conditioning consumes huge amount of energy that mostly come from fossil fuels, which produces harmful emissions detrimental to the environment. This work is concerned with the use of a new hybrid cooling and water desalination system driven by solar thermal energy. The system primarily consists of an evacuated tube solar collector, LiBr absorption chiller, and a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) unit. Seawater is used to cool the condenser and absorber of the chiller as well as the condenser of the HDH unit. The heat rejected by the absorber is used to drive the HDH unit. Thermodynamic model of the system has been formulated and simulated using engineering equation solver (EES) software. The results show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the chiller nearly remain constant with increase in seawater temperature at the absorber inlet. The average COP of the chiller is found to be 0.76. The hybrid system efficiency increases with increase in the seawater temperature mainly due the effect of latent heat of water condensation. The rate of fresh water production increases with increase in the seawater inlet temperature. This resulted in a higher outlet temperature at the absorber exit, leading to a higher energy input to the HDH unit. Gained output ratio (GOR) increases with increase in seawater temperature. This is due to the direct proportionality of the GOR to the amount of fresh water produced. The results also revealed that increasing the flow rate of seawater causes the decrease in the fresh water production due to the corresponding decrease in the temperature of the seawater.

scholarly journals Design of a single-acting ammonia-water solar absorption cooling system for food preservation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Víctor Hugo Hernández-Gómez ◽  
Omar Olvera-García ◽  
Yarabi De la Rosa-Flores ◽  
Iveth Sánchez-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Absorption Cooling

The increase in the use of non-renewable energy sources and the strong dependence of the energy sector on these sources, encourage the study of applications that use renewable energy sources. In this scenario, there has been an increase in the number of jobs related to refrigeration systems that use other sources of energy in addition to electricity, such as absorption cooling systems, which can produce a cooling effect using mainly heat. residual or other sources such as solar thermal energy. This article presents the design of a cooling system that will operate with solar energy, using the principle of absorption with the ammonia-water working torque in continuous function, to contribute to a cold production alternative in food preservation.

scholarly journals Thermo-Economic Evaluation of Aqua-Ammonia Solar Absorption Air Conditioning System Integrated with Various Collector Types

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1165
Author(s):  
Adil Al-Falahi ◽  
Falah Alobaid ◽  
Bernd Epple
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Absorption Cooling ◽  
Evacuated Tube Collectors ◽  
Solar Absorption Cooling ◽  
Sports Arena ◽  
Evacuated Tube

The main objective of this paper is to simulate solar absorption cooling systems that use ammonia mixture as a working fluid to produce cooling. In this study, we have considered different configurations based on the ammonia–water (NH3–H2O) cooling cycle depending on the solar thermal technology: Evacuated tube collectors (ETC) and parabolic trough (PTC) solar collectors. To compare the configurations we have performed the energy, exergy, and economic analysis. The effect of heat source temperature on the critical parameters such as coefficient of performance (COP) and exegetic efficiency has been investigated for each configuration. Furthermore, the required optimum area and associated cost for each collector type have been determined. The methodology is applied in a specific case study for a sports arena with a 700~800 kW total cooling load. Results reveal that (PTC/NH3-H2O)configuration gives lower design aspects and minimum rates of hourly costs (USD 11.3/h) while (ETC/NH3-H2O) configuration (USD 12.16/h). (ETC/NH3-H2O) gives lower thermo-economic product cost (USD 0.14/GJ). The cycle coefficient of performance (COP) (of 0.5).

Performance of Latent Heat Solar Thermal Energy Storage System Using Various Heat Transfer Fluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
M. Gajendiran ◽  
P.M. Sivaram ◽  
N. Nallusamy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage System

In the present work the thermal performance of Phase Change Material (PCM) based solar thermal energy storage system under the influence of different heat transfer fluids (HTF) have been investigated. Water, Ethylene Glycol–water and Copper nanofluid are selected as HTF. Paraffin is used as PCM and encapsulated in cylindrical capsules. The thermal energy storage (TES) tank acts as a storage unit consisting PCM capsules packed in three beds surrounded by water, which acts as sensible heat storage (SHS) material. HTF circulated by a pump transfers heat from solar flat plate collector (FPC) to the TES tank. 25% ethylene glycol -75% water HTF is prepared by mixing ethylene glycol (EG) with water. Copper-distilled water nanofluids (0.3% by weight) are prepared using prolonged sonication with sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS) as the surfactant. Various performance parameters such as charging time, instantaneous heat stored, cumulative heat stored and system efficiency are studied for various HTFs. It is found that the charging time is reduced by 33.3% for copper nanofluid and 22.2% for ethylene glycol- water mixture HTFs. It is also observed that there is an increase in system efficiency and cumulative heat stored with reference to charging time for these HTFs when compared with conventional HTF 1 i.e. water.

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